Optimized deep maxout for crowd anomaly detection: A hybrid optimization-based model.

Monitoring Surveillance video is really time-consuming, and the complexity of typical crowd behaviour in crowded situations makes this even more challenging. This has sparked a curiosity about computer vision-based anomaly detection. This study introduces a new crowd anomaly detection method with two main steps: Visual Attention Detection and Anomaly Detection. The Visual Attention Detection phase uses an Enhanced Bilateral Texture-Based Methodology to pinpoint crucial areas in crowded scenes, improving anomaly detection precision. Next, the Anomaly Detection phase employs Optimized Deep Maxout Network to robustly identify unusual behaviours. This network's deep learning capabilities are essential for detecting complex patterns in diverse crowd scenarios. To enhance accuracy, the model is trained using the innovative Battle Royale Coalesced Atom Search Optimization (BRCASO) algorithm, which fine-tunes optimal weights for superior performance, ensuring heightened detection accuracy and reliability. Lastly, using various performance metrics, the suggested work's effectiveness will be contrasted with that of the other traditional approaches. The proposed crowd anomaly detection is implemented in Python. On observing the result showed that the suggested model attains a detection accuracy of 97.28% at a learning rate of 90%, which is much superior than the detection accuracy of other models, including ASO = 90.56%, BMO = 91.39%, BES = 88.63%, BRO = 86.98%, and FFLY = 89.59%.

Correlation of fibroblast growth factor 23 and malnutrition in chronic kidney disease patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a major health problem that causes death and disability worldwide. Fibroblast growth factor - 23 (FGF 23), is a novel hormone, which is secreted primarily by the osteoblasts. CKD patients are at an increased risk of malnutrition, characterized by micronutrient deficiencies and protein-energy wasting. The mechanisms of malnutrition in CKD are complicated and involve multiple pathophysiologic alterations. Serum FGF 23 levels may be used as a marker of malnutrition in such patients. MATERIAL: 50 CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis were selected after fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria and their anthropometric measurements and Subjective Global Assessment-Dialysis Malnutrition Score (SGA-DMS) score calculated, Serum FGF 23 levels and various other baseline characteristics and demographic information were collected from August 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 in this cross-sectional observational study, which was done in the medicine wards of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. OBSERVATION: The mean age of the study population was 42.44 ± 14.35 years. The mean Body Weight was 58.06 kg. The mean height was 1.72 m. The mean BMI was 19.73 kg/m2. The mean SGA-DMS Score was 30.12. The mean FGF 23 levels were 650.46 pg/mL. There was a strong negative correlation between SGA-DMS Score and FGF-23 (pg/ mL), and this correlation was statistically significant (rho = -0.72, p = <0.001). CONCLUSION: FGF 23 levels showed negative correlation with nutrition status of the patient and it can be used as a marker for malnutrition in CKD patients on maintenance hemodialysis.

Nephron index [urinary phosphate: serum fibroblast growth factor 23 ratio]- a marker for atherosclerosis in diabetic predialysis chronic kidney disease patients.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health problem, a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, estimated to affect more than 10% of the population Fibroblast growth factor - 23 (FGF 23), is a novel hormone, which is secreted primarily by the osteoblasts. It has been proposed that the ratio of Urinary phosphate (U-P) excretion (mg/day) to FGF23 as an index that theoretically represents the number of nephrons (nephron index)1. In this study, an attempt was made to establish the relationship between the Nephron index and degree of atherosclerosis (CIMT-Carotid intimal medial thickness) in predialysis CKD patients. MATERIAL: 110 predialysis CKD patients were selected after fulfilling the inclusion and exclusion criteria and their CIMT, Serum FGF 23 levels and various other baseline characteristics and demographic information were collected from August 1, 2020 to March 31, 2021 in this cross-sectional observational study, which was done in the medicine wards of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi. OBSERVATION: The mean Age was 43.80 ± 15.08 years. The mean Body Weight (Kg) was 63.36 ± 8.37. The mean Nephron Index in the study population was 2.80 ± 3.55. The mean 24 hr urinary phosphate was 1026.03 ± 784.83 mg and the mean FGF-23 levels were 564.60 ± 194.16pg/ml. There was a moderate negative correlation between CIMT (mm) and Nephron Index (r = -0.39, p = <0.001). CONCLUSION: Nephron Index was found to have an association with age, S. Creatinine, S.Calcium, S.Phosphate, iPTH, 24-Hour Urinary PO4, FGF-23, CIMT, eGFR, CKD stage, and CIMT. Nephron index may be used as a marker for atherosclerosis in predialysis CKD patients.

A study on effect of yoga on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of adolescents.

BACKGROUND: The present study has investigated the effect of yoga on the emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of the adolescents. METHODS: The participants of the study are 110 students aged 13-18 years and studying in the senior secondary schools of Mandi district (Himachal Pradesh). The sample consisted of 52 adolescents practicing yoga and 58 adolescents who have never practiced yoga. The primary data has been collected through standardized instruments. RESULTS: The adolescents practicing yoga were noted to significantly differ from the non-yoga group on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feeling components. CONCLUSIONS: The significant effect of yoga on emotional regulation, self-esteem, and feelings of the adolescents calls for attention of the policy makers for initiating yoga at the school levels through standardized yoga curricula and training teachers to motivate and inspire the students to learn and practice yoga at an early age.