Preparation and measurement of a sandwiched Sn atomic beam source for laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry.

Isotope analysis of Sn plays a crucial role in geochemical studies and in monitoring nuclear contamination. Nevertheless, prevalent analytical techniques for examining Sn isotopes encounter the issue of isobaric interference, markedly impacting the accuracy of the test results. Laser resonance ionization mass spectrometry (LRIMS) can effectively overcome the difficulties associated with the isobaric interference inherent in commercial mass spectrometry. In this paper, different amounts of Sn were prepared on Re filaments by electrodeposition and tested via LRIMS. The results showed that the average detection efficiency of LRIMS decreased with increasing total Sn content from 1 µg to 4 µg, and the fluctuations in the test results among the samples increased significantly. Therefore, the electrodeposition process, as well as the composition and morphology of the deposits were characterized by SEM, EDS and XPS; results showed that the degradation of the samples with increasing Sn content was attributed to the complexity of the composition, micro-structure, valence of the deposits, and the interference of various elements. To cope with the anomalies encountered above, the deposits were heat-treated at 600 °C in a hydrogen atmosphere to eliminate detrimental impurities, like Cl, and Sn was effectively reduced to an almost singular atomic state. Furthermore, a titanium layer was covered on the surface of the heat-treated deposit by magnetron sputtering. Ultimately, a highly efficient and stable Sn atomic beam source with a sandwiched structure has been successfully developed and exhibits broad application prospect.

Case report: A case of high grade serous carcinoma of peritoneal origin.

This case report describes an 80-year-old female patient admitted to the emergency department due to abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and hematemesis persisting for three days. Subsequent postoperative pathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of peritoneal cancer. The occurrence, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of primary peritoneal cancer (PPC) are presented in detail. PPC is a type of cancer originating from the primary peritoneal mesothelium organization, causing diffuse malignant tumors in the abdominal and pelvic regions. Due to the lack of specific clinical manifestations for this disease, the importance of early diagnosis and treatment is hereby emphasized. The article also mentions the histological source of this type of cancer and the advantages of preoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy in improving the efficacy of PPC treatment. Finally, the importance of a comprehensive treatment approach and proficient use of targeted therapy techniques are highlighted to enhance the treatment outcomes of PPC.

Deletion of Nox from Listeria monocytogenes Strain EGDe Enhances Bacterial Virulence and Reduces the Production of Reactive Oxygen Species and Inflammatory Factors In Vivo.

The foodborne pathogens have a serious threat to human health, especially Listeria monocytogenes. NADPH oxidase (NOX) is involved in cellular respiration and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), acting as messengers to host cells during the infection. However, the role of nox in the process of L. monocytogenes infection is unclear. In this study, we examined the impact of nox in L. monocytogenes by gene deletion. The results of cell experiment showed that knocking out nox from L. monocytogenes strain EGDe resulted in a twofold increase invasion ability to Caco-2 cells compared with that of wild-type strain (WT), but did not affect adhesion ability. Animal infection assays also showed that bacterial loads in the liver and spleen of mice challenged with EGDe-Δnox were approximately two times higher compared with those challenged with the WT strain. On the one hand, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that deletion of nox leads to upregulation of genes related to the internalization of L. monocytogenes (inlA, inlB, and inlC). More importantly, the expression of listeriolysin-positive regulatory (prfA) gene increased by three times in vivo compared with that of WT. On the other hand, the deletion of nox resulted in a reduction of the upregulation of proinflammatory factors in EGDe-Δnox compared with the WT and complementary strains. Thus, our study revealed that nox affected the virulence of L. monocytogenes by upregulating the expression of virulence genes and regulating the production of ROS and inflammatory factors in vivo.

Chronic stress alters lipid mediator profiles associated with immune-related gene expressions and cell compositions in mouse bone marrow and spleen.

Despite the importance of lipid mediators in stress and depression and their link to inflammation, the influence of stress on these mediators and their role in inflammation is not fully understood. This study used RNA-seq, LC-MS/MS, and flow cytometry analyses in a mouse model subjected to chronic social defeat stress to explore the effects of acute and chronic stress on lipid mediators, gene expression, and cell population in the bone marrow and spleen. In the bone marrow, chronic stress induced a sustained transition from lymphoid to myeloid cells, accompanied by corresponding changes in gene expression. This change was associated with decreased levels of 15-deoxy-d12,14-prostaglandin J2, a lipid mediator that inhibits inflammation. In the spleen, chronic stress also induced a lymphoid-to-myeloid transition, albeit transiently, alongside gene expression changes indicative of extramedullary hematopoiesis. These changes were linked to lower levels of 12-HEPE and resolvins, both critical for inhibiting and resolving inflammation. Our findings highlight the significant role of anti-inflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators in the immune responses induced by chronic stress in the bone marrow and spleen. This study paves the way for understanding how these lipid mediators contribute to the immune mechanisms of stress and depression.

Synergetic Modulation of Steric Hindrance and Excited State for Anti-Quenching and Fast Spin-Flip Multi-Resonance Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorophore.

Multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence (MR-TADF) materials hold great promise for advanced high-resolution organic light-emitting diode (OLED) displays. However, persistent challenges, such as severe aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) and slow spin-flip, hinder their optimal performance. We propose a synergetic steric-hindrance and excited-state modulation strategy for MR-TADF emitters, which is demonstrated by two blue MR-TADF emitters, IDAD-BNCz and TIDAD-BNCz, bearing sterically demanding 8,8-diphenyl-8H-indolo[3,2,1-de]acridine (IDAD) and 3,6-di-tert-butyl-8,8-diphenyl-8H-indolo[3,2,1-de]acridine (TIDAD), respectively. These rigid and bulky IDAD/TIDAD moieties, with appropriate electron-donating capabilities, not only effectively mitigate ACQ, ensuring efficient luminescence across a broad range of dopant concentrations, but also induce high-lying charge-transfer excited states that facilitate triplet-to-singlet spin-flip without causing undesired emission redshift or spectral broadening. Consequently, implementation of a high doping level of IDAD-BNCz resulted in highly efficient narrowband electroluminescence, featuring a remarkable full-width at half-maximum of 34 nm and record-setting external quantum efficiencies of 34.3 % and 31.8 % at maximum and 100 cd m-2, respectively. The combined steric and electronic effects arising from the steric-hindered donor introduction offer a compelling molecular design strategy to overcome critical challenges in MR-TADF emitters.

The Atlas of the Inferior Mesenteric Artery and Vein under Maximum-Intensity Projection and Three-Dimensional Reconstruction View.

(1) Background: Understanding vascular patterns is crucial for minimizing bleeding and operating time in colorectal surgeries. This study aimed to develop an anatomical atlas of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) and vein (IMV). (2) Methods: A total of 521 patients with left-sided colorectal cancer were included. IMA and IMV patterns were identified using maximum-intensity projection (MIP) and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction techniques. The accuracy of these techniques was assessed by comparing them with surgical videos. We compared the amount of bleeding and operating time for IMA ligation across different IMA types. (3) Results: Most patients (45.7%) were classified as type I IMA, followed by type II (20.7%), type III (22.6%), and type IV (3.5%). Newly identified type V and type VI patterns were found in 6.5% and 1% of patients, respectively. Of the IMVs, 49.9% drained into the superior mesenteric vein (SMV), 38.4% drained into the splenic vein (SPV), 9.4% drained into the SMV-SPV junction, and only 2.3% drained into the first jejunal vein (J1V). Above the root of the left colic artery (LCA), 13.1% of IMVs had no branches, 50.1% had one, 30.1% had two, and 6.7% had three or more branches. Two patients had two main IMV branches, and ten had IMVs at the edge of the mesocolon with small branches. At the IMA root, 37.2% of LCAs overlapped with the IMV, with 34.0% being lateral, 16.9% distal, 8.7% medial, and both the marginal type of IMV and the persistent descending mesocolon (PDM) type represented 1.4%. MIP had an accuracy of 98.43%, and 3D reconstruction had an accuracy of 100%. Blood loss and operating time were significantly higher in the complex group compared to the simple group for IMA ligation (p < 0.001). (4) Conclusions: A comprehensive anatomical atlas of the IMA and IMV was provided. Complex IMA patterns were associated with increased bleeding and operating time.

Mortality burden and future projections of major risk factors for esophageal cancer in China from 1990 to 2019.

OBJECTIVE: This study, based on Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data, aimed to report the long-term trend in mortality rates caused by risk factors for esophageal cancer (EC) in China from 1990 to 2019 and predict the burden of EC mortality caused by these risk factors over the next 15 years. METHODS: We examined six risk factors that influenced EC mortality rates in China and their respective rankings. Furthermore, we analyzed the number of deaths and crude mortality rates (CMR) caused by these risk factors for both sexes and different age groups. Age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) and the number of deaths across all age groups were also analyzed. Finally, we utilized the Bayesian Age-Period-Cohort (BAPC) model to predict the trends in ASMR burden caused by these risk factors in the future. RESULTS: From 1990 to 2019, the percentage changes in ASMR for EC caused by the six risk factors in China were as follows: smoking (- 33.4%), alcohol consumption (- 23.0%), low fruit intake (- 73.6%), low vegetable intake (- 96.0%), high Body Mass Index (BMI) (25.1%), and tobacco chewing (- 32.8%). In 2019, the top three risk factors contributing to EC ASMR in China were smoking, alcohol consumption, and high BMI. Overall, the ASMR for EC in China fluctuated and declined from 1990 to 2019. The most common risk factors for males were smoking and alcohol consumption, while low fruit intake and high BMI were the most common risk factors for females. The impact of these risk factors on EC mortality increased with age, except for the elderly population. BAPC analysis indicated that the influence of these risk factors on ASMR was expected to remain relatively stable in the next 15 years, suggesting a continued significant burden of EC. CONCLUSION: The projected burden of EC mortality in China was expected to continue increasing steadily over the next 15 years, highlighting the pressing need for disease control measures. To alleviate this burden, targeted prevention and control policies addressing risk factors for EC such as smoking, alcohol consumption, and high BMI are necessary.

Sulfur Free Crosslinking of EPDM Composites via Silane Grafting and Silica Incorporation.

This study aims at evaluating and developing an environmental-friendly and sulfur-free cured ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) composites. Silane grafted EPDM (SiEPDM) composites incorporated with silica is prepared via a solvent-free, one-step reactive mixing process. The silane grafting and silica filler bonding are characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The mechanical properties of the developed composites are examined. The fracture morphology is observed using an environmental scanning electron microscopy. The rheology and thermomechanical properties are evaluated by using a rotational rheometer and dynamic mechanical analyzer. Notably, a robust bonding between silica and the grafted silane is established, yielding a crosslinking network within the composite structure. This phenomenon is substantiated by the observed gel efficiency and rheology behavior. Consequently, a pronounced augmentation of up to 75% in tensile strength and 29% in tear strength are observed in the optimized SiEPDM-silica composites, distinguishing them from their EPDM-silica counterparts. The introduction of paraffin oil contributes to enhanced processability; however, it is concomitant with a reduction in gel efficiency and associated mechanical properties. Furthermore, subsequent UV weathering test unveils that the SiEPDM-silica composites exhibit the highest levels of residual tensile strength and modulus, indicative of their exceptional UV stability.

Transcranial dipole localization and decoding study based on ultrasonic phased array for acoustoelectric brain imaging.

Objective. Neuroimaging is one of the effective tools to understand the functional activities of the brain, but traditional non-invasive neuroimaging techniques are difficult to combine both high temporal and spatial resolution to satisfy clinical needs. Acoustoelectric brain imaging (ABI) can combine the millimeter spatial resolution advantage of focused ultrasound with the millisecond temporal resolution advantage of electroencephalogram signals.Approach. In this study, we first explored the transcranial modulated acoustic field distribution based on ABI, and further localized and decoded single and double dipoles signals.Main results. The results show that the simulation-guided acoustic field modulation results are significantly better than those of self-focusing, which can realize precise modulation focusing of intracranial target focusing. The single dipole transcranial localization error is less than 0.4 mm and the decoding accuracy is greater than 0.93. The double dipoles transcranial localization error is less than 0.2 mm and the decoding accuracy is greater than 0.89.Significance. This study enables precise focusing of transcranial acoustic field modulation, high-precision localization of source signals and decoding of their waveforms, which provides a technical method for ABI in localizing evoked excitatory neuron areas and epileptic focus.

Isolation, characterization and genomic analysis of the novel Arthrobacter sp. phage SWEP2.

A new virulent phage, SWEP2, infecting the Arthrobacter sp. 5B strain, was isolated from black soil samples in northeastern China. SWEP2 has a latent period of 80 min and a burst size of 45 PFU (evaluated at an MOI of 0.1). Genomic analysis revealed that the 43,398-bp dsDNA genome of phage SWEP2 contains 64 open reading frames (ORFs) and one tRNA gene. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a close relationship between SWEP2 and Arthrobacter phage Liebe, with 82.98% identity and a query coverage of 48%. Based on its distinct phenotypic and genetic characteristics, SWEP2 is identified as a novel Arthrobacter phage.

Efficient Intersystem Crossing and Long-lived Charge-Separated State Induced by Through-Space Intramolecular Charge Transfer in a Parallel Geometry Carbazole-Bodipy Dyad.

The design of efficient heavy atom-free triplet photosensitizers (PSs) based on through bond charge transfer (TBCT) features is a formidable challenge due to the criteria of orthogonal donor-acceptor geometry. Herein, we propose using parallel (face-to-face) conformation carbazole-bodipy donor-acceptor dyads (BCZ-1 and BCZ-2) featuring through space intramolecular charge transfer (TSCT) process as efficient triplet PS. Efficient intersystem crossing (ΦΔ =61 %) and long-lived triplet excited state (τT =186 µs) were observed in the TSCT dyad BCZ-1 compared to BCZ-3 (ΦΔ =0.4 %), the dyad involving TBCT, demonstrating the superiority of the TSCT approach over conventional donor-acceptor system. Moreover, the transient absorption study revealed that TSCT dyads have a faster charge separation and slower intersystem crossing process induced by charge recombination compared to TBCT dyad. A long-lived charge-separated state (CSS) was observed in the BCZ-1 (τCSS =24 ns). For the first time, the TSCT dyad was explored for the triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion, and a high upconversion quantum yield of 11 % was observed. Our results demonstrate a new avenue for designing efficient PSs and open up exciting opportunities for future research in this field.

Comparative efficacy of silicon and iron oxide nanoparticles towards improving the plant growth and mitigating arsenic toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Nano-enabled agriculture has emerged as an attractive approach for facilitating soil pollution mitigation and enhancing crop production and nutrition. In this study, we conducted a greenhouse experiment to explore the efficacy of silicon oxide nanoparticles (SiONPs) and iron oxide nanoparticles (FeONPs) in alleviating arsenic (As) toxicity in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and elucidated the underlying mechanisms involved. The application of SiONPs and FeONPs at 25, 50, and 100 mg kg-1 soil concentration significantly reduced As toxicity and concurrently improved plant growth performance, including plant height, dry matter, spike length, and grain yield. The biochemical analysis showed that the enhanced plant growth was mainly due to stimulated antioxidative enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, peroxidase) and reduced reactive oxygen species (electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde, and hydrogen peroxide) in wheat seedlings under As stress upon NPs application. The nanoparticles (NPs) exposure also enhanced the photosynthesis efficiency, including the total chlorophyll and carotenoid contents as compared with the control treatment. Importantly, soil amendments with 100 mg kg-1 FeONPs significantly reduced the acropetal As translocation in the plant root, shoot and grains by 74%, 54% and 78%, respectively, as compared with the control treatment under As stress condition, with relatively lower reduction levels (i.e., 64%, 37% and 58% for the plant root, shoot and grains, respectively) for SiONPs amendment. Overall, the application of NPs especially the FeONPs as nanoferlizers for agricultural crops is a promising approach towards mitigating the negative impact of HMs toxicity, ensuring food safety, and promoting future sustainable agriculture.

Preparation and comprehensive characterization of C16MImCl/MT for adsorbing cationic dyes.

Dyeing wastewater in various industries poses a great threat to the environment. Montmorillonite (MT) is widely used in wastewater treatment because of its abundant reserves and strong exchange capacity. However, natural MT has low affinity for organic pollutants and needs to be organically modified. In order to improve the adsorption capacity of MT to cationic dyes [Congo red (CR)], using ionic liquid [1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride (C16MImCl)] as organic modifier, the optimal preparation process of C16MImCl/MT was determined by response surface methodology. The C16MImCl/MT was comprehensively characterized by utilizing the techniques of XRD, FTIR, TG, BET, SEM, and molecular dynamics simulation. All the research results showed that C16MImCl is successfully inserted into the layers of MT, and the basal interplanar spacing and average pore size of MT are obviously increased. The C16MImCl/MT is a mesoporous material, which shows strong adsorption capacity for CR, and its CR unit adsorption capacity (CRUAC) could reach 940.200 mg/g, which is about three times that of magnetic graphene oxide and bentonite/expanded graphite.

Anaerobic sludge digestion elevates dissemination risks of bacterial antibiotic resistance in effluent supernatant.

Anaerobic digestion following a variety of pretreatments is a promising technique for the reduction of excess sludge in municipal wastewater treatment plants (MWWTPs), and eliminations of possible pathogens, viruses, protozoa, and other disease-causing organisms. Notwithstanding a rapidly increasing health concern of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in MWWTPs, dissemination risks of ARB in anaerobic digestion processes are still poorly understood, especially in the digested supernatant. Taking the representative ARB with respect to the common tetracycline-, sulfamethoxazole-, clindamycin- and ciprofloxacin resistance, we investigated the compositions of ARB in the sludge and supernatant, and quantified their variations along the entire anaerobic sludge digestion process following ultrasonication-, alkali-hydrolysis- and alkali-ultrasonication pretreatments, respectively. Results showed that the abundance of ARB was diminished by up to 90% from the sludge along anaerobic digestion coupling with the pretreatments. Surprisingly, pretreatments clearly boosted the abundance of specific ARB (e.g., 2.3 × 102 CFU/mL of tetracycline-resistant bacteria) in the supernatant that otherwise remained relatively low value of 0.6 × 102 CFU/mL from the direct digestion. Measurements of the soluble-, loosely-bound- and tightly-bound extracellular polymeric substances components revealed a gradually intensified destruction of the sludge aggregates along the entire anaerobic digestion processes, which could be likely responsible to the increase of the ARB abundance in the supernatant. Furthermore, analysis of the bacterial community components showed that the ARB populations were strongly correlated with the occurrence of Bacteroidetes, Patescibacteria, and Tenericutes. Interestingly, intensified conjugal transfer (0.015) of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) was observed upon returning of the digested supernatant to the biological treatment system. It implies the likelihood of ARGs spreading and subsequent ecological risks upon anaerobic digestion towards reducing excess sludge, and therefore requires further attentions for the excess sludge treatments especially of supernatant.

VirBot: an RNA viral contig detector for metagenomic data.

SUMMARY: Without relying on cultivation, metagenomic sequencing greatly accelerated the novel RNA virus detection. However, it is not trivial to accurately identify RNA viral contigs from a mixture of species. The low content of RNA viruses in metagenomic data requires a highly specific detector, while new RNA viruses can exhibit high genetic diversity, posing a challenge for alignment-based tools. In this work, we developed VirBot, a simple yet effective RNA virus identification tool based on the protein families and the corresponding adaptive score cutoffs. We benchmarked it with seven popular tools for virus identification on both simulated and real sequencing data. VirBot shows its high specificity in metagenomic datasets and superior sensitivity in detecting novel RNA viruses. AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION: https://github.com/GreyGuoweiChen/RNA_virus_detector. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.

Evaluation Soybean Cultivars for Reaction to Heterodera glycines Populations HG Types 7 and 1.3.4.7 in Northeast China.

Soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines (SCN) is a major threat to global soybean production. Effective management of this disease is dependent on the development of resistant cultivars. Two SCN HG Types, 7 and 1.3.4.7. were previously identified as prevalent H. glycines populations in Northeast China. In order to evaluate soybean cultivars resistant to local SCN populations, 110 domestic commercial soybeans from different regions of Northeast China were assessed in the greenhouse to determine their potential as novel sources of resistance. The results suggested that cultivars responded differently to the two HG types. Of the 110 soybean cultivars evaluated, 24 accessions were classified as resistant or moderately resistant to HG Type 7, and five cultivars were classified as resistant or moderately resistant to HG Type 1.3.4.7. Among the tested cultivars, Kangxian 12 and Qingdou 13 had resistance response to both HG types 7 and 1.3.4.7. Thus, these broad-based SCN cultivars will be the valuable materials in the SCN resistance breeding program.

Chemotactic movement and zeta potential dominate Chlamydomonas microsphaera attachment and biocathode development.

Microalgal cell attaching and biofilm formation are critical in the application of microalgal biocathode, which severs as one of the hopeful candidates to an original cathode in bioelectrochemical systems. Many efforts have been put in biofilm formation and bioelectrochemical systems for years, but the predominant factors shaping microalgal biocathode formation are sketchy. We launched a pair of researches to investigate microalgal attachment and biofilm formation in the presence/absence of applied voltages using Chlamydomonas microsphaera as a model unicellular motile microalga. In this study, we presented how microalga attached and biofilm formed on a carbon felt surface without applied voltages and try to manifest the most important aspects in this process. Results showed that while nutrient sources did not directly regulate cell attachment onto the carbon felt, limited initial nutrient concentration nevertheless promoted cell attachment. Specifically, nutrient availability did not influence the early stage (20-60 min) of microalgal cell attachment but did significantly impact cell attachment during later stages (240-720 min). Further analysis revealed that nutrient availability-mediated chemotactic movements and zeta potential are crucial to facilitate the initial attachment and subsequent biofilm formation of C. microsphaera onto the surfaces, serving as an important factor controlling microalgal surface attachment. Our results demonstrate that nutrient availability is a dominant factor controlling microalgal surface attachment and subsequent biofilm formation processes. This study provides a mechanistic understanding of microalgal surface attachment and biofilm formation processes on carbon felts surfaces in the absence of applied voltages.

Defining early recurrence of locally recurrent rectal cancer.

Despite advances in rectal cancer treatments, its local recurrence rate is still 4-10 percent. And an evidence-based definition of early recurrence is lacking. Our study hopes to establish a clear threshold to distinguish early and late recurrence, and analyze risk and prognostic factors for them. Rectal cancer patients who underwent proctectomy from 2009 to 2019 were included. Patients who received neoadjuvant treatment and with incomplete records were excluded. The optimal interval was obtained using the minimum P value approach. Risk factors for early recurrence were analyzed by logistic regression models, and prognostic factors associated with additional surgery were assessed by Cox proportional hazards models. The optimal interval for the definition of early recurrence was 26 months based on the subsequent prognosis (P < 0.001). The 5-year survival rate of early and late recurrence cohort was 32.5% and 57.1%, respectively (P < 0.001). Adjuvant radiotherapy was the independent protective factor for early recurrence. And the presence of lymphovascular invasion, positive surgical margin, and no re-neoadjuvant radiotherapy were independent prognostic factors for the survival of LRRC patients under additional surgery.

Characteristics and Treatment of Pediatric Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies: A Retrospective Analysis of 715 Cases.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in children in Shenzhen and to explore the diagnosis and treatment methods for special cases. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study included a total of 715 children who were diagnosed with tracheobronchial foreign bodies at Shenzhen Children's Hospital between October 2016 and October 2021. Data on sex, age, inducement, symptoms, foreign body type, foreign body location, foreign body retention time, foreign body history, and complications were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS Tracheal foreign bodies were found to occur primarily in children aged 0-2 years (90.6%). The overall incidence rates were 69.1% and 30.9% in boys and girls, respectively. Among them, 42.5% of the foreign bodies were detected in the left bronchus and 45.6% in the right bronchus. Inducements included playing while eating (n=398, 55.7%) and also crying (n=209, 29.2%). Operations were performed on 710 (99.3%) children, including 80 (11.2%) immediate surgeries and 2 tracheotomies. One child had no vital signs upon admission and died after emergency foreign body removal. All of the other children who underwent surgery recovered well postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS This study presents the characteristics and methods of diagnosis and treatment of tracheobronchial foreign bodies in pediatric patients in Shenzhen. Tracheobronchial foreign bodies are a major cause of accidental injury in infants and young children. In critical cases, airways should be immediately and rapidly cleared with multidisciplinary collaboration. In addition, public safety awareness should be strengthened, particularly among parents, teachers, and other child caregivers, to reduce and prevent instances of tracheobronchial foreign body accidents in children.