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1.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 5139, 2024 Jun 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38886388

RESUMEN

Although it is well documented that mountains tend to exhibit high biodiversity, how geological processes affect the assemblage of montane floras is a matter of ongoing research. Here, we explore landform-specific differences among montane floras based on a dataset comprising 17,576 angiosperm species representing 140 Chinese mountain floras, which we define as the collection of all angiosperm species growing on a specific mountain. Our results show that igneous bedrock (granitic and karst-granitic landforms) is correlated with higher species richness and phylogenetic overdispersion, while the opposite is true for sedimentary bedrock (karst, Danxia, and desert landforms), which is correlated with phylogenetic clustering. Furthermore, we show that landform type was the primary determinant of the assembly of evolutionarily older species within floras, while climate was a greater determinant for younger species. Our study indicates that landform type not only affects montane species richness, but also contributes to the composition of montane floras. To explain the assembly and differentiation of mountain floras, we propose the 'floristic geo-lithology hypothesis', which highlights the role of bedrock and landform processes in montane floristic assembly and provides insights for future research on speciation, migration, and biodiversity in montane regions.


Asunto(s)
Biodiversidad , Magnoliopsida , Filogenia , China , Magnoliopsida/crecimiento & desarrollo , Altitud , Fenómenos Geológicos , Ecosistema
2.
PhytoKeys ; 213: 67-78, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36762252

RESUMEN

A new species, Wikstroemiafragrans (Thymelaeaceae, Daphneae), from Danxiashan National Park, Shaoguan, Guangdong of China is described and illustrated. It is similar to the sympatric W.trichotoma, but can be differentiated easily from the latter by its shorter racemose inflorescences, yellowish green calyx tube, and smaller leaves. It also resembles the allopatric W.fargesii, but differs from it by its strigose-pubescent ovary and disk scale that is 2- or 3-dentate apically. Phylogenetic analysis using the nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region revealed that W.fragrans falls within the Wikstroemia clade; based on current sampling, W.fragrans is closely-related to W.capitata. It is also the first species of Wikstroemia known to be endemic to the Danxia landform and is classified provisionally as Critically Endangered according to the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria.

3.
Int Immunopharmacol ; 88: 107015, 2020 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33182034

RESUMEN

A previous study described a novel serine protease inhibitor 16 from Musca domestica (MDSPI16), which inhibited the elastase and chymotrypsin. It also exhibited a potential anti-inflammatory activity for acute lung injury (ALI), while its effects on ALI are yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to investigate the effects and the underlying mechanisms of MDSPI16 on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice and bone marrow neutrophils. The ALI model based on the results of LPS-induced mice demonstrated that MDSPI16 markedly reduced the infiltration of inflammatory cells, protein exudation in lung tissues, and downregulated the level of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Furthermore, the LPS-stimulated mouse bone marrow neutrophils model was employed to determine the role of MDSPI16. The cytokine levels were quantified by both the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Consequently, the expression of IL-6, IL-1ß, and TNF-α was found to be inhibited by MDSPI16 in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, MDSPI16 also inhibited the mouse neutrophils nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway, ERK1/2 and AP-1 signaling pathway in addition to the expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins, which in turn, might alleviate the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines during ALI. Therefore, MDSPI16 could be proposed as a potential and novel drug therapy for ALI.


Asunto(s)
Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/tratamiento farmacológico , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Proteínas de Insectos/uso terapéutico , Inhibidores de Serina Proteinasa/uso terapéutico , Lesión Pulmonar Aguda/inducido químicamente , Animales , Antiinflamatorios/química , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Ciclooxigenasa 2/genética , Ciclooxigenasa 2/metabolismo , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/metabolismo , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas de Insectos/química , Lipopolisacáridos/toxicidad , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Neutrófilos/efectos de los fármacos , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo II/genética , Óxido Nítrico Sintasa de Tipo II/metabolismo , Inhibidores de Serina Proteinasa/química , Factor de Transcripción AP-1/genética , Factor de Transcripción AP-1/metabolismo
4.
Fish Shellfish Immunol ; 104: 269-278, 2020 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32439515

RESUMEN

Aeromonas veronii is a major pathogenic bacterium in humans and animals. When it causes outbreaks, there are enormous economic losses to the aquaculture industry. An effective live attenuated vaccine strain, ΔhisJ, was obtained in our previous studies by gene knockout in Aeromonas veronii TH0426 using the suicide vector pRE112. Here, we evaluated whether the live attenuated vaccine ΔhisJ was suitable for prevention of Aeromonas veronii infection by injection and immersion in loaches. Compared with that of the TH0426 wild-type strain, the virulence of the live vaccine was significantly weakened. Vaccine safety assessment results also indicated that 1 × 107 CFU/mL live vaccine was safe and did not induce clinical symptoms or obvious pathological changes. Additionally, after challenging loaches with Aeromonas veronii TH0426, the relative percent survival of the IN3 injection group was 65.66%, and that of the IM group was 50.78%. Our data show that the live attenuated vaccine ΔhisJ can improve the immune protection rate of loaches. Furthermore, increased enzyme activity parameters (SOD, LZM, ACP, and AKP) in the skin mucus, increased enzyme activity parameters (SOD, LZM, ACP, AKP, and GPx) in the serum, increased specific IgM antibodies and cytokine IL-1ß contents in the serum, and increased cytokine (IL-15, pIgR, IL-1ß, and TNF-α) expression in the liver and spleen were observed. These data are the first to indicate that the live attenuated vaccine ΔhisJ is suitable for the development of a safe and effective vaccine against Aeromonas veronii infection in loach aquaculture.


Asunto(s)
Aeromonas veronii/inmunología , Vacunas Bacterianas/administración & dosificación , Cipriniformes/inmunología , Enfermedades de los Peces/prevención & control , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/prevención & control , Vacunas Atenuadas/administración & dosificación , Animales , Anticuerpos Antibacterianos/sangre , Citocinas/sangre , Citocinas/genética , Citocinas/inmunología , Infecciones por Bacterias Gramnegativas/veterinaria , Inmunoglobulina M/sangre , Dosificación Letal Mediana , Hígado/inmunología , Piel/inmunología , Bazo/inmunología
5.
Int J Mol Sci ; 20(11)2019 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31159463

RESUMEN

M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative pathogen of Johne's disease, a chronic granulomatous enteritis that principally affects ruminants and can survive, proliferate and disseminate in macrophages. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression and can impact the processes of cells. To investigate the role of miRNAs in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) during MAP infection, we used high-throughput sequencing technology to analyze small RNA libraries of MAP-infected and control MDMs. The results showed that a total of 21 miRNAs were differentially expressed in MDMs after MAP infection, and 8864 target genes were predicted. A functional analysis showed that the target genes were mainly involved in the MAPK signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF-kappa B signaling pathway and apoptosis. In addition, using a dual-luciferase reporter assay, flow cytometry, and a small interfering (si)RNA knockdown assay, the role of miR-150 in regulating macrophage apoptosis by targeting the programmed cell death protein-4 (PDCD4) was demonstrated. These results provide an experimental basis to reveal the regulatory mechanism of MAP infection and suggest the potential of miRNAs as biomarkers for the diagnosis of Johne's disease in bovines.


Asunto(s)
Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/genética , Apoptosis/genética , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/microbiología , MicroARNs/genética , Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis/fisiología , Transcriptoma , Animales , Bovinos , Mapeo Cromosómico , Biología Computacional/métodos , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Macrófagos/inmunología , Ratones , Paratuberculosis/genética , Paratuberculosis/microbiología , Interferencia de ARN
6.
Inflammation ; 40(4): 1285-1296, 2017 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28484893

RESUMEN

Recent studies suggest an anti-inflammatory activity of oxyresveratrol, a stilbene extracted from Cortex mori root used in traditional Chinese medicine that also presents estrogen-like activity. We herein tested the hypothesis that oxyreservatrol exerts an anti-inflammatory effect through its estrogenic-like function. In MCF-7 cells, oxyresveratrol significantly induced proliferation, which was accompanied with estrogen receptor (ER)-mediated transcriptional activation, increased estrogen-targeted gene expression (e.g., pS2, PGR, and CTSD), and increased ERα/ß proteins. The estrogen-like effect of oxyresveratrol was reversed by the ER inhibitor ICI 182780. Strong ER-binding activities of oxyresveratrol were revealed by negative docking scores. The LPS-induced inflammatory response (e.g., upregulated IκB-α phosphorylation, NF-κB nuclear translocation, and cytokine messenger RNA expression) was significantly suppressed in an ER-dependent manner by oxyresveratrol in RAW264.7 cells. These results suggest that oxyresveratrol may function as an ER agonist and modulate NF-κB signaling.


Asunto(s)
Antiinflamatorios/farmacología , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Fitoestrógenos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Receptores de Estrógenos/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Estilbenos/farmacología , Animales , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Inflamación/inducido químicamente , Inflamación/tratamiento farmacológico , Lipopolisacáridos , Células MCF-7 , Ratones , FN-kappa B/efectos de los fármacos , Extractos Vegetales/uso terapéutico , Células RAW 264.7 , Receptores de Estrógenos/efectos de los fármacos , Estilbenos/uso terapéutico
7.
Drug Des Devel Ther ; 9: 3051-66, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26109848

RESUMEN

AIM: To investigate the potential cardioprotective effects of QiShenYiQi Pill(®) (QSYQ) on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury through antioxidative stress and mitochondrial protection. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sprague Dawley rats were pretreated with QSYQ or saline for 7 days and subjected to ischemia (30 minutes occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery) and reperfusion (120 minutes). Cardiac functions were evaluated by echocardiogram and hemodynamics. Myocardial mitochondria were obtained to evaluate changes in mitochondrial structure and function, immediately after 120 minutes reperfusion. Pretreatment with QSYQ protected against I/R-induced myocardial structural injury and improved cardiac hemodynamics, as demonstrated by normalized serum creatine kinase and suppressed oxidative stress. Moreover, the impaired myocardial mitochondrial structure and function decreased level of ATP (accompanied by reduction of ATP5D and increase in the expression of cytochrome C). Myocardial fiber rupture, interstitial edema, and infiltrated leukocytes were all significantly ameliorated by pretreatment with QSYQ. CONCLUSION: Pretreatment of QSYQ in Sprague Dawley rats improves ventricular function and energy metabolism and reduces oxidative stress via ameliorating multiple mitochondrial dysfunctions during I/R injury.


Asunto(s)
Cardiotónicos/uso terapéutico , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/uso terapéutico , Enfermedades Mitocondriales/prevención & control , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/prevención & control , Adenosina Trifosfato/metabolismo , Animales , Circulación Coronaria/efectos de los fármacos , Metabolismo Energético , Pruebas de Función Cardíaca , Masculino , Potencial de la Membrana Mitocondrial/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias Cardíacas/efectos de los fármacos , Mitocondrias Cardíacas/enzimología , Mitocondrias Cardíacas/metabolismo , Enfermedades Mitocondriales/patología , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/diagnóstico por imagen , Daño por Reperfusión Miocárdica/patología , Miocardio/patología , Miocitos Cardíacos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Ultrasonografía , Función Ventricular Izquierda/efectos de los fármacos
8.
Curr Drug Deliv ; 9(4): 414-20, 2012 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22640039

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of LBP on differentiation and maturation of healthy human peripheral blood-derived dendritic cells cultured in different tumor microenvironment in vitro, and discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms of LBP in treatment of tumor. METHODS: In this study, we procured the peripheral blood-derived dendritic cells precursor cell by the Density gradient centrifugation method, and used the tumor-cell supernatant to prepare conditioned medium. The GM-CSF and IL-4 induced DCs precursor cell differentiation to DCs, the TNF-α promoted the immature DCs developed to mature DCs. In this way, we detected the influence of LBP on the expressions of surface molecules of DCs cultured in different environments, and especially on the role of related-immunity and NF-κB activity. RESULTS: In LBP-treated group, the molecular phenotype of DCs, its capacity to stimulate allogeneic lymphocyte proliferation, and the levels of IL-12p70 and IFN-γ secretion were higher than the untreated group (p < 0.05), with statistical significance. Meanwhile the expression of NF-κB of the DCs in the medium treated by the LBP was higher than the untreated group (p < 0.05), also with statistical significance. Between the two different tumor microenvironment groups, the cell nucleus protein NF-κB expression is obviously different, the hepG2.2.15 group higher than the hepG2 group. CONCLUSION: LBP could increase the expression of the phenotype of DCs, the secretion of IL-12p70 and IFN-γ in MLR, and enhance the NF-κB expression, especially in the virus-related group, suggesting LBP plays the anti-tumor role stronger in the virus-related environment and this phenomenon correlates with the NF-κB signaling pathway.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma Hepatocelular/inmunología , Células Dendríticas/efectos de los fármacos , Células Dendríticas/inmunología , Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos/farmacología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/inmunología , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/genética , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Diferenciación Celular/genética , Diferenciación Celular/inmunología , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Interferón gamma/genética , Interferón gamma/inmunología , Interferón gamma/metabolismo , Interleucina-12/genética , Interleucina-12/inmunología , Interleucina-12/metabolismo , Interleucina-4/genética , Interleucina-4/inmunología , Interleucina-4/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/genética , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Linfocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos/inmunología , Linfocitos/metabolismo , FN-kappa B/genética , FN-kappa B/inmunología , FN-kappa B/metabolismo , Transducción de Señal/genética , Transducción de Señal/inmunología , Microambiente Tumoral/efectos de los fármacos , Microambiente Tumoral/genética , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/inmunología , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/metabolismo
9.
Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao ; 20(2): 320-4, 2009 Feb.
Artículo en Chino | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19459370

RESUMEN

To understand the effects of silicon on the growth and development of rice roots, a hydroponic experiment with 3 levels of silicon, i.e., no silicon (T1), 1.25 mmol silicon x L(-1) (T2), and 2 mmol silicon x L(-1) (T3), was conducted, using rice cultivars TN1 and Baixiangjing with high silicon uptake efficiency and Juanyejing and Hitomebore with low silicon uptake efficiency as test materials. The results showed that with the increase of silicon supply, the root dry mass, root-shoot ratio, lateral root number, and total root length of all test rice cultivars decreased, while the dry mass of above-ground parts, root number, and root diameter increased. Relatively higher silicon supply was beneficial to the differentiation and development of indefinite roots, but not favorable to the lateral roots. Under lower silicon supply, the root dry mass and root-shoot ratio of TN1 and Baixiangjing were significantly higher than those of Juanyejing and Hitomebore. Furthermore, the number of lateral roots and the total root length of Baixiangjing were also significantly higher than those of Juanyejing and Hitomebore. It was concluded that total root length and lateral root number were the main factors affecting rice silicon uptake efficiency.


Asunto(s)
Oryza/metabolismo , Raíces de Plantas/metabolismo , Silicio/metabolismo , Absorción , Genotipo , Oryza/genética , Oryza/crecimiento & desarrollo , Raíces de Plantas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Silicio/análisis , Silicio/farmacología
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