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In order to solve the food safety problem better, it is very important to develop a rapid and sensitive technology for detecting food contamination residues. Organic photoelectrochemical transistor (OPECT) biosensor rely on the photovoltage generated by a semiconductor upon excitation by light to regulate the conductivity of the polymer channels and realize biosensor analysis under zero gate bias. This technology integrates the excellent characteristics of photoelectrochemical (PEC) bioanalysis and the high sensitivity and inherent amplification ability of organic electrochemical transistor (OECT). Based on this, OPECT biosensor detection has been proven to be superior to traditional biosensor detection methods. In this review, we summarize the research status of OPECT biosensor in disease markers and food residue analysis, the basic principle, classification, and biosensing mechanism of OPECT biosensor analysis are briefly introduced, and the recent applications of biosensor analysis are discussed according to the signal strategy. We mainly introduced the OPECT biosensor analysis methods applied in different fields, including the detection of disease markers and food hazard residues such as prostate-specific antigen, heart-type fatty acid binding protein, T-2 toxin detection in milk samples, fat mass and objectivity related protein, ciprofloxacin in milk. The OPECT biosensor provides considerable development potential for the construction of safety analysis and detection platforms in many fields, such as agriculture and food, and hopes to provide some reference for the future development of biosensing analysis methods with higher selectivity, faster analysis speed and higher sensitivity.
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Técnicas Biosensibles , Técnicas Electroquímicas , Contaminación de Alimentos , Técnicas Biosensibles/instrumentación , Técnicas Biosensibles/métodos , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Técnicas Electroquímicas/instrumentación , Técnicas Electroquímicas/métodos , Animales , Transistores Electrónicos , Humanos , Procesos FotoquímicosRESUMEN
Drug targets are specific molecules in biological tissues and body fluids that interact with drugs. Drug target discovery is a key component of drug discovery and is essential for the development of new drugs in areas such as cancer therapy and precision medicine. Traditional in vitro or in vivo target discovery methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, limiting the pace of drug discovery. With the development of modern discovery methods, the discovery and application of various emerging technologies have greatly improved the efficiency of drug discovery, shortened the cycle time, and reduced the cost. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various emerging drug target discovery strategies, including computer-assisted approaches, drug affinity response target stability, multiomics analysis, gene editing, and nonsense-mediated mRNA degradation, and discusses the effectiveness and limitations of the various approaches, as well as their application in real cases. Through the review of the aforementioned contents, a general overview of the development of novel drug targets and disease treatment strategies will be provided, and a theoretical basis will be provided for those who are engaged in pharmaceutical science research. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Target-based drug discovery has been the main approach to drug discovery in the pharmaceutical industry for the past three decades. Traditional drug target discovery methods based on in vivo or in vitro validation are time-consuming and costly, greatly limiting the development of new drugs. Therefore, the development and selection of new methods in the drug target discovery process is crucial.
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Descubrimiento de Drogas , Humanos , Descubrimiento de Drogas/métodos , Animales , Terapia Molecular DirigidaRESUMEN
According to statistics, the incidence of liver cancer is increasing yearly, and effective treatment of liver cancer is imminent. For early liver cancer, resection surgery is currently the most effective treatment. However, resection does not treat the disease in advanced patients, so finding a method with a better prognosis is necessary. In recent years, ferroptosis and cuproptosis have been gradually defined, and related studies have proved that they show excellent results in the therapy of liver cancer. Cuproptosis is a new form of cell death, and the use of cuproptosis combined with ferroptosis to inhibit the production of hepatocellular carcinoma cells has good development prospects and is worthy of in-depth discussion by researchers. In this review, we summarize the research progress on cuproptosis combined with ferroptosis in treating liver cancer, analyze the value of cuproptosis and ferroptosis in the immune of liver cancer, and propose potential pathways in oncotherapy with the combination of cuproptosis and ferroptosis, which can provide background knowledge for subsequent related research.
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Zn2+-dependent histone deacetylases (HDACs) are enzymes that regulate gene expression by removing acetyl groups from histone proteins. These enzymes are essential in all living systems, playing key roles in cancer treatment and as potential pesticide targets. Previous phylogenetic analyses of HDAC in certain species have been published. However, their classification and evolutionary origins across biological kingdoms remain unclear, which limits our understanding of them. In this study, we collected the HDAC sequences from 1451 organisms and performed analyses. The HDACs are found to diverge into three classes and seven subclasses under divergent selection pressure. Most subclasses show species specificity, indicating that HDACs have evolved with high plasticity and diversification to adapt to different environmental conditions in different species. In contrast, HDAC1 and HDAC3, belonging to the oldest class, are conserved and crucial in major kingdoms of life, especially HDAC1. These findings lay the groundwork for the future application of HDACs.
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Histonas , Zinc , Filogenia , Zinc/metabolismo , Histona Desacetilasa 1/genética , Histona Desacetilasa 1/metabolismoRESUMEN
Disease represents a major problem in sustainable agricultural development. Plants interact closely with various microorganisms during their development and in response to the prevailing environment. In particular, pathogenic microorganisms can cause plant diseases, affecting the fertility, yield, and longevity of plants. During the long coevolution of plants and their pathogens, plants have evolved both molecular pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI) signaling networks in order to regulate host cells in response to pathogen infestation. Additionally, in the postgenomic era, alternative splicing (AS) has become uncovered as one of the major drivers of proteome diversity, and abnormal RNA splicing is closely associated with bacterial infections. Currently, the complexity of host-bacteria interactions is a much studied area of research that has shown steady progress over the past decade. Although the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies and their application in transcriptomes have revolutionized our understanding of AS, many mechanisms related to host-bacteria interactions remain still unclear. To this end, this review summarizes the changes observed in AS during host-bacteria interactions and outlines potential therapeutics for bacterial diseases based on existing studies. In doing so, we hope to provide guidelines for plant disease management in agriculture.
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Proteogenomics (PG) integrates the proteome with the genome and transcriptome to refine gene models and annotation. Coupled with single-cell (SC) assays, PG effectively distinguishes heterogeneity among cell groups. Affiliating spatial information to PG reveals the high-resolution circuitry within SC atlases. Additionally, PG can investigate dynamic changes in protein-coding genes in plants across growth and development as well as stress and external stimulation, significantly contributing to the functional genome. Here we summarize existing PG research in plants and introduce the technical features of various methods. Combining PG with other omics, such as metabolomics and peptidomics, can offer even deeper insights into gene functions. We argue that the application of PG will represent an important font of foundational knowledge for plants.
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Proteogenómica , Genoma , Proteoma/genética , TranscriptomaRESUMEN
Plant virual infections are mainly caused by plant-virus parasitism which affects ecological communities. Some viruses are highly pathogen specific that can infect only specific plants, while some can cause widespread harm, such as tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). After a virus infects the host, undergoes a series of harmful effects, including the destruction of host cell membrane receptors, changes in cell membrane components, cell fusion, and the production of neoantigens on the cell surface. Therefore, competition between the host and the virus arises. The virus starts gaining control of critical cellular functions of the host cells and ultimately affects the fate of the targeted host plants. Among these critical cellular processes, alternative splicing (AS) is an essential posttranscriptional regulation process in RNA maturation, which amplify host protein diversity and manipulates transcript abundance in response to plant pathogens. AS is widespread in nearly all human genes and critical in regulating animal-virus interactions. In particular, an animal virus can hijack the host splicing machinery to re-organize its compartments for propagation. Changes in AS are known to cause human disease, and various AS events have been reported to regulate tissue specificity, development, tumour proliferation, and multi-functionality. However, the mechanisms underlying plant-virus interactions are poorly understood. Here, we summarize the current understanding of how viruses interact with their plant hosts compared with humans, analyze currently used and putative candidate agrochemicals to treat plant-viral infections, and finally discussed the potential research hotspots in the future. This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > Splicing Mechanisms RNA Processing > Splicing Regulation/Alternative Splicing.
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Eucariontes , Virus , Humanos , Animales , Empalme Alternativo , Enfermedades de las PlantasRESUMEN
Alternative splicing (AS) regulates gene expression and increases proteomic diversity for the fine tuning of stress responses in plants, but the exact mechanism through which AS functions in plant stress responses is not thoroughly understood. Here, we investigated how AS functions in poplar (Populus trichocarpa), a popular plant for bioremediation, in response to lead (Pb) stress. Using a proteogenomic analysis, we determine that Pb stress induced alterations in AS patterns that are characterized by an increased use of nonconventional splice sites and a higher abundance of Pb-responsive splicing factors (SFs) associated with Pb-responsive transcription factors. A strong Pb(II)-inducible chaperone protein, PtHSP70, that undergoes AS was further characterized. Overexpression of its two spliced isoforms, PtHSP70-AS1 and PtHSP70-AS2, in poplar and Arabidopsis significantly enhances the tolerance to Pb. Further characterization shows that both isoforms can directly bind to Pb(II), and PtHSP70-AS2 exhibits 10-fold higher binding capacities and a greater increase in expression under Pb stress, thereby reducing cellular toxicity through Pb(II) extrusion and conferring Pb tolerance. AS of PtHSP70 is found to be regulated by PtU1-70K, a Pb(II)-inducible core SF involved in 5'-splice site recognition. Because the same splicing pattern is also found in HSP70 orthologs in other plant species, AS of HSP70 may be a common regulatory mechanism to cope with Pb(II) toxicity. Overall, we have revealed a novel post-transcriptional machinery that mediates heavy metal tolerance in diverse plant species. Our findings offer new molecular targets and bioengineering strategies for phytoremediation and provide new insight for future directions in AS research.
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Arabidopsis , Populus , Proteogenómica , Empalme Alternativo , Proteómica , Populus/genética , Populus/metabolismo , Plomo/toxicidad , Plomo/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismoRESUMEN
Alternative splicing (AS) is one of the major post-transcriptional regulation mechanisms that contributes to plant responses to various environmental perturbations. Darkness and heat are two common abiotic factors affecting plant growth, yet the involvement and regulation of AS in the plant responses to these signals remain insufficiently examined. In this study, we subjected Arabidopsis seedlings to 6 h of darkness or heat stress and analyzed their transcriptome through short-read RNA sequencing. We revealed that both treatments altered the transcription and AS of a subset of genes yet with different mechanisms. Dark-regulated AS events were found enriched in photosynthesis and light signaling pathways, while heat-regulated AS events were enriched in responses to abiotic stresses but not in heat-responsive genes, which responded primarily through transcriptional regulation. The AS of splicing-related genes (SRGs) was susceptible to both treatments; while dark treatment mostly regulated the AS of these genes, heat had a strong effect on both their transcription and AS. PCR analysis showed that the AS of the Serine/Arginine-rich family gene SR30 was reversely regulated by dark and heat, and heat induced the upregulation of multiple minor SR30 isoforms with intron retention. Our results suggest that AS participates in plant responses to these two abiotic signals and reveal the regulation of splicing regulators during these processes.
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Proteínas de Arabidopsis , Arabidopsis , Empalme Alternativo , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Empalme del ARN , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Isoformas de Proteínas/metabolismo , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las PlantasRESUMEN
Microorganisms colonizing the plant rhizosphere and phyllosphere play crucial roles in plant growth and health. Recent studies provide new insights into long-distance communication from plant roots to shoots in association with their commensal microbiome. In brief, these recent advances suggest that specific plant-associated microbial taxa can contribute to systemic plant responses associated with the enhancement of plant health and performance in face of a variety of biotic and abiotic stresses. However, most of the mechanisms associated with microbiome-mediated signal transduction in plants remain poorly understood. In this review, we provide an overview of long-distance signaling mechanisms within plants mediated by the commensal plant-associated microbiomes. We advocate the view of plants and microbes as a holobiont and explore key molecules and mechanisms associated with plant-microbe interactions and changes in plant physiology activated by signal transduction.
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Microbiota , Plantas , Rizosfera , Simbiosis , Transducción de Señal , Raíces de Plantas , Microbiología del SueloRESUMEN
Submergence is an abiotic stress that limits agricultural production world-wide. Plants sense oxygen levels during submergence and postsubmergence reoxygenation and modulate their responses. Increasing evidence suggests that completely submerged plants are often exposed to low-light stress, owing to the depth and turbidity of the surrounding water; however, how light availability affects submergence tolerance remains largely unknown. Here, we showed that Arabidopsis thaliana MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN30 (MYB30) is an important transcription factor that integrates light signaling and postsubmergence stress responses. MYB DOMAIN PROTEIN30 protein abundance decreased upon submergence and accumulated during reoxygenation. Under submergence conditions, CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1 (COP1), a central regulator of light signaling, caused the ubiquitination and degradation of MYB30. In response to desubmergence, however, light-induced MYB30 interacted with MYC2, a master transcription factor involved in jasmonate signaling, and activated the expression of the VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE1 (VTC1) and GLUTATHIONE SYNTHETASE1 (GSH1) gene families to enhance antioxidant biosynthesis. Consistent with this, the myb30 knockout mutant showed increased sensitivity to submergence, which was partially rescued by overexpression of VTC1 or GSH1. Thus, our findings uncover the mechanism by which the COP1-MYB30 module integrates light signals with cellular oxidative homeostasis to coordinate plant responses to postsubmergence stress.
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Arabidopsis , Estrés Fisiológico , Factores de Transcripción , Antioxidantes/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/genética , Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/genética , Proteínas de Arabidopsis/metabolismo , Ácido Ascórbico , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Glutamato-Cisteína Ligasa/genética , Glutamato-Cisteína Ligasa/metabolismo , Glutatión/metabolismo , Fenómenos Fisiológicos de las Plantas , Estrés Fisiológico/genética , Estrés Fisiológico/fisiología , Factores de Transcripción/genética , Factores de Transcripción/metabolismoRESUMEN
Submergence limits plants' access to oxygen and light, causing massive changes in metabolism; after submergence, plants experience additional stresses, including reoxygenation, dehydration, photoinhibition and accelerated senescence. Plant responses to waterlogging and partial or complete submergence have been well studied, but our understanding of plant responses during post-submergence recovery remains limited. During post-submergence recovery, whether a plant can repair the damage caused by submergence and reoxygenation and re-activate key processes to continue to grow, determines whether the plant survives. Here, we summarize the challenges plants face when recovering from submergence, primarily focusing on studies of Arabidopsis thaliana and rice (Oryza sativa). We also highlight recent progress in elucidating the interplay among various regulatory pathways, compare post-hypoxia reoxygenation between plants and animals and provide new perspectives for future studies.
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Arabidopsis , Oryza , Inundaciones , Adaptación Fisiológica , Plantas , Oryza/metabolismo , Arabidopsis/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Soil salinity has become one of the major factors that threaten tall fescue growth and turf quality. Plants recruit diverse microorganisms in the rhizosphere to cope with salinity stress. In this study, 15 plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were isolated from the salt-treated rhizosphere of tall fescue and were annotated to 10 genera, including Agrobacterium, Fictibacillus, Rhizobium, Bhargavaea, Microbacterium, Paenarthrobacter, Pseudarthrobacter, Bacillus, Halomonas, and Paracoccus. All strains could produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA). Additionally, eight strains exhibited the ability to solubilize phosphate and potassium. Most strains could grow on the medium containing 600 mM NaCl, such as Bacillus zanthoxyli and Bacillus altitudinis. Furthermore, Bacillus zanthoxyli and Bacillus altitudinis were inoculated with tall fescue seeds and seedlings to determine their growth-promoting effect. The results showed that Bacillus altitudinis and mixed culture significantly increased the germination rate of tall fescue seeds. Bacillus zanthoxyli can significantly increase the tillers number and leaf width of seedlings under salt conditions. Through the synergistic effect of FaSOS1, FaHKT1, and FaHAK1 genes, Bacillus zanthoxyli helps to expel the excess Na+ from aboveground parts and absorb more K+ in roots to maintain ion homeostasis in tall fescue. Unexpectedly, we found that Bacillus altitudinis displayed an inapparent growth-promoting effect on seedlings under salt stress. Interestingly, the mixed culture of the two strains was also able to alleviate, to some extent, the effects of salt stress on tall fescue. This study provides a preliminary understanding of tall fescue rhizobacteria and highlights the role of Bacillus zanthoxyli in tall fescue growth and salt tolerance.
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Bacillus , Festuca , Lolium , Rizosfera , Estrés Salino , Desarrollo de la Planta , Plantones , Raíces de PlantasRESUMEN
The circadian clock is an internal time-keeping mechanism that synchronizes the physiological adaptation of an organism to its surroundings based on day and night transition in a period of 24 h, suggesting the circadian clock provides fitness by adjusting environmental constrains. The circadian clock is driven by positive and negative elements that regulate transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally. Alternative splicing (AS) is a crucial transcriptional regulator capable of generating large numbers of mRNA transcripts from limited numbers of genes, leading to proteome diversity, which is involved in circadian to deal with abiotic stresses. Over the past decade, AS and circadian control have been suggested to coordinately regulate plant performance under fluctuating environmental conditions. However, only a few reports have reported the regulatory mechanism of this complex crosstalk. Based on the emerging evidence, this review elaborates on the existing links between circadian and AS in response to abiotic stresses, suggesting an uncovered regulatory network among circadian, AS, and abiotic stresses. Therefore, the rhythmically expressed splicing factors and core clock oscillators fill the role of temporal regulators participating in improving plant growth, development, and increasing plant tolerance against abiotic stresses.
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The gene SYF2-an RNA splicing factor-can interact with Cyclin D-type binding protein 1 (GICP) in many biological processes, including splicing regulation, cell cycle regulation, and DNA damage repair. In our previous study we performed genome-wide identification and functional analysis of SYF2 in plant species. The phylogenetic relationships and expression profiles of SYF2 have not been systematically studied in animals, however. To this end, the gene structure, genes, and protein conserved motifs of 102 SYF2 homologous genes from 91 different animal species were systematically analyzed, along with conserved splicing sites in 45 representative vertebrate species. A differential comparative analysis of expression patterns in humans and mice was made. Molecular bioinformatics analysis of SYF2 showed the gene was conserved and functional in different animal species. In addition, expression pattern analysis found that SYF2 was highly expressed in hematopoietic stem cells, T cells, and lymphoid progenitor cells; in ovary, lung, and spleen; and in other cells and organs. This suggests that changes in SYF2 expression may be associated with disease development in these cells, tissues, or organs. In conclusion, our study analyzes the SYF2 disease resistance genes of different animal species through bioinformatics, reveals the relationship between the SYF2 genotype and the occurrence of certain diseases, and provides a theoretical basis for follow-up study of the relationship between the SYF2 gene and animal diseases.
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Osmanthus fragrans (scientific name: Osmanthus fragrans (Thunb.) Lour.) is a species of the Osmanthus genus in the family Oleaceae, and it has a long history of cultivation in China. O. fragrans is edible and is well known for conferring a natural fragrance to desserts. This flowering plant has long been cultivated for ornamental purposes. Most contemporary literature related to O. fragrans focuses on its edible value and new species discovery, but the functional use of O. fragrans is often neglected. O, fragrans has many properties that are beneficial to human health, and its roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits have medicinal value. These characteristics are recorded in the classics of traditional Chinese medicine. Studies on the metabolites and medicinal value of O. fragrans published in recent years were used in this study to evaluate the medicinal value of O. fragrans. Using keywords such as metabolites and Osmanthus fragrans, a systematic and nonexhaustive search of articles, papers and books related to the medicinal use of Osmanthus fragrans metabolites was conducted. Fifteen metabolites were identified through this literature search and classified into three categories according to their properties and structure: flavonoids, terpenes and phenolic acids. It was found that the pharmacological activities of these secondary metabolites mainly include antioxidant, anticancer, anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities and that these metabolites can be used to treat many human diseases, such as cancer, skin diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological diseases. Most of the reports that are currently available and concern the secondary metabolites of Osmanthus fragrans have limitations. Some reports introduce only the general classification of compounds in Osmanthus fragrans, and some reports introduce only a single compound. In contrast, the introduction section of this paper includes both the category and the functional value of each compound. While reviewing the data for this study, the authors found that the specific action sites of these compounds and their mechanisms of action in plants are relatively weak, and in the future, additional research should be conducted to investigate this topic further.
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Low-intensity focused ultrasound (LIFU) is a potential noninvasive method to alleviate allodynia by modulating the central nervous system. However, the underlying analgesic mechanisms remain unexplored. Here, we assessed how LIFU at the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) affects behavior response and central plasticity resulting from chronic constrictive injury (CCI). The safety of LIFU stimulation was assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Fluoro-Jade C (FJC) staining. A 21-day ultrasound exposure therapy was conducted from day 91 after CCI surgery in mice. We assessed the 50% mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT50) using Von Frey filaments (VFFs). The expression levels of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43), and tau were determined via western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence (IF) staining to evaluate the central plasticity in ACC. The regions of ACC were activated effectively and safely by LIFU stimulation, which significantly increased the number of c-fos-positive cells (P < 0.05) with no bleeding, coagulative necrosis, and neuronal loss. Under chronic neuropathic pain- (CNP-) induced allodynia, MWT50 decreased significantly (P < 0.05), and overexpression of MAP2, GAP43, and tau was also observed. After 3 weeks of treatment, significant increases in MWT50 were found in the CCI+LIFU group compared with the CCI group (P < 0.05). WB and IF staining both demonstrated a significant reduction in the expression levels of MAP2, GAP43, and tau (P < 0.05). LIFU treatment on ACC can effectively attenuate CNP-evoked mechanical sensitivity to pain and reverse aberrant central plasticity.
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Hiperalgesia , Neuralgia , Animales , Giro del Cíngulo/metabolismo , Hiperalgesia/metabolismo , Hiperalgesia/terapia , Ratones , Neuralgia/metabolismo , Neuralgia/terapia , Plasticidad Neuronal , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-DawleyRESUMEN
Environmental stress greatly decreases crop yield. The application of noninvasive techniques is one of the most practical and feasible ways of monitoring the health condition of plants under stress. However, it remains largely unsolved. A chemical fluorescent probe can be applied as a typical nondestructive method, but it has not been applied in living plants for stress detection to date. The abscisic acid (ABA) receptor plays a central role in conferring tolerance to environmental stresses and is an excellent target for developing fluorescent probes. Herein, we developed a fluorescence molecular imaging technology to monitor live plant stress by visualizing the protein expression level of the ABA receptor PYR1. A computer-aided designed indicator dye, flubactin, exhibited an 8-fold enhancement in fluorescence intensity upon interaction with PYR1. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that flubactin is suitable to be used to detect salt stress in plants in real time. Moreover, the low toxicity of flubactin promotes its application in the future. Our work opens a new era for the nondestructive visualization of plant stress in vivo.
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Ácido Abscísico , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Ácido Abscísico/metabolismo , Imagen Óptica , Plantas Modificadas Genéticamente , Estrés FisiológicoRESUMEN
Increasing evidence indicates that inflammatory responses may influence brain neurochemical pathways, inducing depressive-like behaviors. Ultrasound stimulation (US) is a promising non-invasive treatment for neuropsychiatric diseases. We investigated whether US can suppress inflammation and improve depressive-like behaviors. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with lipopolysaccharide to induce depressive-like behaviors. Ultrasound wave was delivered into the prefrontal cortex (PFC) for 30 min. Depressive- and anxiety-like behaviors were evaluated through the forced swimming test (FST), tail suspension test (TST), and elevated plus maze (EPM). Biochemical analyses were performed to assess the expression of inflammatory cytokines in the PFC and serum. The results indicated that US of the PFC significantly improved depressive-like behaviors in the TST (p < 0.05) and FST (p < 0.05). Anxiety-like behaviors also improved in the EPM (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the lipopolysaccharide-mediated upregulation of IL-6, IL-1ß, and TNF-α in the PFC was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) by US. In addition, no tissue damage was observed. Overall, US of PFC can effectively improve lipopolysaccharide-induced depressive-like behaviors, possibly through the downregulation of inflammatory cytokines in the PFC. US may be a safe and promising tool for improvement of depression.