RESUMEN
Collagen peptides can promote wound healing and are closely related to microbiome colonization. We investigated the relationship among collagen peptides, wound healing, and wound microflora colonization by administering the murine wound model with Salmo salar skin collagen peptides (Ss-SCPs) and Tilapia nilotica skin collagen peptides (Tn-SCPs). We analyzed the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factors (ß-FGF), pattern recognition receptor (NOD2), antimicrobial peptides (ß-defence14, BD14), proinflammatory (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) and anti-inflammatory (IL-10) cytokines, macrophages, neutrophil infiltration levels, and microbial communities in the rat wound. The healing rates of the Ss-SCP- and Tn-SCP-treated groups were significantly accelerated, associated with decreased TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8 and upregulated BD14, NOD2, IL-10, VEGF, and ß-FGF. Accelerated healing in the collagen peptide group shows that the wound microflora such as Leuconostoc, Enterococcus, and Bacillus have a positive effect on wound healing (P < 0.01). Other microbiome species such as Stenotrophomonas, Bradyrhizobium, Sphingomonas, and Phyllobacterium had a negative influence and decreased colonization (P < 0.01). Altogether, these studies show that collagen peptide could upregulate wound NOD2 and BD14, which were implicated in microflora colonization regulation in the wound tissue and promoted wound healing by controlling the inflammatory reaction and increasing wound angiogenesis and collagen deposition.
Asunto(s)
Colágeno/química , Proteínas de Peces/química , Microbiota/efectos de los fármacos , Proteína Adaptadora de Señalización NOD2/genética , Péptidos/administración & dosificación , Piel/química , Heridas y Lesiones/fisiopatología , beta-Defensinas/genética , Administración Cutánea , Animales , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/efectos de los fármacos , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/aislamiento & purificación , Cíclidos , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/genética , Factores de Crecimiento de Fibroblastos/inmunología , Humanos , Interleucina-10/genética , Interleucina-10/inmunología , Masculino , Ratones , Proteína Adaptadora de Señalización NOD2/inmunología , Péptidos/química , Ratas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Salmo salar , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/genética , Factor de Necrosis Tumoral alfa/inmunología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/genética , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/inmunología , Cicatrización de Heridas/efectos de los fármacos , Heridas y Lesiones/tratamiento farmacológico , Heridas y Lesiones/inmunología , Heridas y Lesiones/microbiología , beta-Defensinas/inmunologíaRESUMEN
Human hair and indoor dust from urban, e-waste, and rural areas in south China were collected and analyzed for brominated flame retardants (BFRs). BFRs concentrations in hair from occupational e-waste recycling workers were higher than those from non-occupational exposed residents in other sampling areas. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE) are two major BFRs in hair samples. The PBDE congener profiles in hair from the e-waste area are different from those from urban and rural areas with relatively higher contribution of lower brominated congeners. DBDPE, instead of BDE209, has become the major BFR in non-e-waste recycling areas. Significant correlations were found between hair level and dust level for DBDPE and BTBPE but not for PBDEs. The different PBDE congener profiles between dust and hair may suggest that exogenous exposure to the PBDE adsorbed on dust is not a major source of hair PBDEs.
Asunto(s)
Residuos Electrónicos/análisis , Exposición a Riesgos Ambientales , Contaminantes Ambientales/análisis , Retardadores de Llama/análisis , Cabello/química , Hidrocarburos Bromados/análisis , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Niño , Preescolar , China , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Salud Rural , Salud Urbana , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
To evaluate the status of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) contamination in poultry and sequentially human exposure through consumption of poultry in an e-waste recycling site in South China, two kinds of free-range domestic birds, chicken and duck, were collected and their muscle and liver tissues were analyzed for 16 PBDE congeners. Chicken shows higher PBDE concentrations (summation of 16 PBDE congeners) in both muscle and liver tissues, ranged from 5.7 to 4381 and from 1.5 to 7897 ng/g (lipid weight, the same hereinafter), respectively, compared to duck, ranged from 2.4 to 51 and from 1.9 to 134 ng/g. Different living habitat and feeding habits between the two species might be responsible for this observation. No sex-related differences in PBDE concentrations were found for the two species, while the PBDE concentrations in muscle were higher than those in liver for chicken. The PBDE concentrations in muscle of chicken in the present study were higher than the levels of PBDEs in chicken from other studies reported by far. BDE209 and nona-BDEs were the major congeners in poultry. Comparison of PBDE profiles between birds and environmental matrix implied that the biodebromination of BDE209 might occur in poultry. The intake of PBDEs through consumption of poultry ranges from 7.8 ng/day to 3582 ng/day with a medial 68 ng/day, which is comparable to the calculated values through consumption of all foodstuffs in other studies. The present study suggested that the total dietary PBDEs intake for local residents might be considerably enhanced due to the e-waste recycling activity.
