One-stage operation for rare multiple mirror intracranial aneurysms: a case report and literature review.

Although intracranial multiple aneurysms are not uncommon, multiple mirror aneurysms are relatively rare. A few isolated cases have been described. However, to the best of our knowledge, 3 pairs of pure symmetrical mirror aneurysms in one patient have not been reported yet. We present a case of multiple mirror aneurysms involving the bilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) bifurcations and posterior communicating arteries (P-com A) confirmation by one-stage operation. The possibility of one-stage treatment must be considered before surgery. Missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis must be avoided before one-stage operation for multiple mirror aneurysms.

Simultaneous determination of valproic acid and 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid for the prediction of clinical adverse effects in Chinese patients with epilepsy.

Valproic acid (VPA) is a well-established anticonvulsant drug that has been increasingly used in the treatment of many forms of generalized epilepsy. Although there are many reports of adverse effects of VPA, studies focusing on the concentration-response relationships of VPA and its metabolites in patients with epilepsy are extremely limited. In this study, a rapid and specific high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method to simultaneously detect the concentrations of VPA and its major hepatotoxic metabolite 2-propyl-4-pentenoic acid (4-ene VPA) in human plasma has been established, using 2,4'-dibromoacetophenone and octanoic acid as the derivatization reagent and internal standard, respectively. This method was used to analyze plasma samples (n=64) of Chinese patients with epilepsy. The results revealed that 4-ene VPA concentrations in Chinese patients were much higher than those in patients in other countries such as United States and Iran. Significant correlations between aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and 4-ene VPA concentration suggest that the simultaneous determination of VPA and 4-ene VPA is an effective tool for the prediction of clinical hepatotoxicity in epileptic patients. Furthermore, the present study describes a less costly and complex technique for the clinical monitoring of VPA plasma levels and the risk of hepatotoxicity which may be of particular interest in developing countries like China.

Association between HLA-B*1502 allele and carbamazepine-induced severe cutaneous adverse reactions in Han people of southern China mainland.

Previous studies have found a strong association between HLA-B*1502 and carbamazepine-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome in Asian areas including Taiwan, Hongkong and Thailand. This study explores the association between HLA-B*1502 allele and carbamazepine-induced cutaneous adverse reactions in Han Chinese of southern China mainland, and find the genetic marker that can predict carbamazepine-induced cutaneous adverse reactions. HLA-B*1502 allele genotyping was performed by a polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific primers (PCR-SSP) method in 48 Han Chinese subjects who had carbamazepine-induced cutaneous adverse reactions, including 9 severe cutaneous adverse reaction patients with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and 39 cutaneous adverse reaction patients with maculopapular eruption (MPE). Meanwhile 80 carbamazepine-tolerant controls and 62 healthy individuals were also tested. The frequency of HLA-B*1502 allele among SJS/TEN patients (100%) is significantly higher than carbamazepine-tolerant controls (13.75%, P<0.001) and healthy individuals (17.74%, P<0.001). But the frequency between MPE patients and carbamazepine-tolerant controls (25.64% vs.13.75%, P=0.110) did not have any significant difference. The data showed that HLA-B*1502 allele is strongly associated with carbamazepine-induced SJS/TEN but not MPE in Han Chinese of southern China mainland.

QSPR modeling of n-octanol/water partition coefficients and water solubility of PCDEs by the method of Cl substitution position.

The number of Cl substitution positions (N(PCS)) of all 209 possible molecular structure patterns of polychlorinated diphenyl ethers (PCDEs) were correlated with their partition properties n-octanol/water partition coefficient (lgK(ow)) and sub-cooled liquid water solubilities (-lgS(w,l)). The correlation coefficients (R) and the leave-one-out (LOO) cross-validation correlation coefficients (R(cv)) of all the 6-descriptor models for lgK(ow) and -lgS(w,l) are more than 0.98. By using stepwise multiple regression (SMR), the best two models of lgK(ow) with three descriptors (R=0.9,913) and lgS(w,l) with four descriptors(R=0.9,818) were obtained respectively. Based on these equations, the two properties of all 209 PCDEs were predicted. Model validation showed that the two models exhibit optimum stability and high predictive power. Moreover, results of prediction were further compared with data from similar studies by molecular connectivity indices (MCIs) and PM3 methods.