Chain-mediating effects of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy on pain catastrophizing and physical activity in haemophilia patients.

BACKGROUND: There is a lack of research on the relationship between pain catastrophizing, kinesiophobia, and physical activity (PA) in people with haemophilia (PWH), and the underlying mechanisms connecting these variables remain unclear. AIM: The study's aim was to clarify the roles of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy in the relationship between pain catastrophizing and PA in PWH. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included adult PWH at the Haemophilia Centre of a Tertiary hospital in Beijing, China. The following questionnaires were used to collect data: the general information, the International Physical Activity Short Questionnaire, the Pain Catastrophizing Scale, the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia Scale, and the Exercise Self-Efficacy Scale. RESULTS: The study included a total of 187 PWH, including 154 having haemophilia A and 33 having haemophilia B. The median interquartile range of PA was 594 (198, 1554) MET-min/wk. There were significant differences in PA of patients based on age stage, treatment modality, highest pain score within the last seven days, and presence of haemophilic arthropathy (p < .05). It was showed that pain catastrophizing could directly predict PA (p < .001), accounting for 38.13% of the total effect. Pain catastrophizing also had indirect effects on PA through the mediating factors of kinesiophobia or self-efficacy, and through the chain-mediating effect of kinesiophobia and self-efficacy, accounting for 38.40%, 17.07%, and 6.40%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The study discovered that PWH have limited PA due to pain catastrophizing. This not only directly affects their activity but also indirectly influences it through kinesiophobia and self-efficacy.

Asymmetric Ruthenium-Catalyzed C-H Activation by a Versatile Chiral-Amide-Directing Strategy.

A versatile and readily available chiral amide directing group has been developed for the ruthenium(II)-catalyzed asymmetric C-H activation. Asymmetric C-H activation of the related chiral benzamides with various olefins, aldehydes and propargylic alcohols has been accomplished with high stereoselectivities, affording a series of chiral products including 3,4-dihydroisocoumarins (up to 96 % ee), isocoumarins (up to 92 % ee), phthalides (up to 99 % ee), chiral bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes (>20 : 1 dr), 4-alkylidene-3,4-dihydroisocoumarins (up to 97 % ee) and allenes (>20 : 1 dr). Importantly, our methodologies enabled concise syntheses of many biologically active compounds and natural products (e.g., Montroumarin, Cyclosporone E, Cyclosporone Q, Concentricolide, Chuangxinol, and Eleutherol).

The long noncoding RNA HOXA11-AS promotes lung adenocarcinoma proliferation and glycolysis via the microRNA-148b-3p/PKM2 axis.

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the most common malignancy in the world and a growing number of researches have focused on its metabolic characteristics. Studies have shown that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) HOXA11-AS is aberrantly expressed in many tumors. However, the role of HOXA11-AS in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) glycolysis and other energy metabolism pathways has not been characterized. METHOD: The mRNA levels of HOXA11-AS, microRNA-148b-3p (miR-148b-3p), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) were detected using qRT-PCR. The expression levels of proteins were measured using immunohistochemistry and western blot. The CCK-8, EdU, and colony formation assays were used to assess proliferation. Glycolytic changes were assessed by measuring lactate production, ATP production, and 18 F-FDG uptake. Bioinformatics analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays were used to characterize the relationship between HOXA11-AS, miR-148b-3p, and PKM2. Proliferation and glycolytic changes were analyzed in xenograft tumor experiments using Micro-PET imaging after downregulation of HOXA11-AS in vivo. RESULTS: The expression of HOXA11-AS was markedly increased in LUAD, and was strongly associated with a poor prognosis. In addition, HOXA11-AS promoted proliferation and glycolysis in LUAD, and miR-148b-3p inhibited proliferation and glycolysis in LUAD. Mechanistically, HOXA11-AS positively regulated PKM2 expression by binding to miR-148b-3p, thereby promoting LUAD proliferation and glycolysis. In addition, HOXA11-AS inhibited LUAD xenograft growth and glycolysis via upregulation of miR-148b-3p expression and downregulation of PKM2 expression in vivo. CONCLUSIONS: These results showed that HOXA11-AS enhanced LUAD proliferation and glycolysis via the miR-148b-3p/PKM2 axis. The findings in this paper expanded our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of LUAD tumorigenesis and glycolysis and showed that HOXA11-AS could be useful as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for LUAD. 18 F-FDG PET/CT can be used to visually evaluate the therapeutic effect of targeting HOXA11-AS.

Chiral-Directing-Group-Assisted Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Inert Arene C-H Bond to Aldimines with Subsequent Intramolecular Cyclization.

By using a chiral directing group, an asymmetric rhodium(III)-catalyzed C-H bond addition to aldimines followed by intramolecular cyclization to form chiral isoindolinones has been achieved (up to 68 % yield, up to 93 % ee). A three-component variant that resembles Mannich reaction was also realized (41 % yield, 83 % ee). Product elaborations and preliminary mechanistic studies were described.

Ultrathin Zirconium Hydroxide Nanosheet-Assembled Nanofibrous Membranes for Rapid Degradation of Chemical Warfare Agents.

Organophosphorus-based chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are highly poisonous, and recent attacks using nerve agents have stimulated researchers to develop breakthrough materials for their fast degradation. Zr-based materials have been identified as the most effective catalysts for breaking down CWAs, but in their powdered form, their practical application in personal protective equipment is limited. Herein, a surface-confined strategy for the direct growth of vertically aligned zirconium hydroxide (Zr(OH)4 ) nanosheets with ultrathin and tortuous structures on nanofibers is reported. The freestanding Zr(OH)4 nanosheet-assembled nanofibrous membranes (NANMs) show superior catalytic performance to degrade dimethyl methylphosphonate, a nerve agent simulant, with a half-life of 4 min. In addition, intriguing membrane-type NANMs feature integrated properties of exceptional breathability, prominent flexibility, and robust fatigue resistance over one million buckling loads. This facile strategy provides a novel route to manufacture new classes of nanosheet-supported membranes for chemical-protective materials, in particular for gas filters, protective suits, and clothing.

Rhodium(III)-Catalyzed Asymmetric Addition of Inert Arene C-H Bond to Aldehydes To Afford Enantioenriched Phthalides.

An asymmetric rhodium(III)-catalyzed Grignard-type addition of inert arene C-H bond to aldehydes is reported. It provides a new strategy for the synthesis of chiral 3-substituted phthalides in good yields (up to 87%) with high enantiomeric purity (up to 99% ee). Interestingly, a chiral-matching effect between substrate and catalyst was observed, which is crucial to accomplish satisfied reaction outcomes. Mechanistically, the reaction is assumed to proceed via consecutive C(sp2)-H activation of benzamide, addition to aldehyde, and lactonization.