Collapse of Better Place: A Managerial Cognition Perspective on the Failure of an Entrepreneurial Initiative.

The survival of any entrepreneurial initiative depends on a working business model that could create value for the customers and, simultaneously, allow the firm to capture value from what has been created. Despite increased attention to business model research, the understanding of business models' impact on entrepreneurial development is quite constrained. In particular, the question of how an entrepreneurial firm's business model is influenced by its organizational members' managerial cognition remains under-explored. To tackle this research question, we drew a linkage between the business model literature and a managerial cognition perspective to build the theoretical foundation. We used this theoretical lens to investigate the failure of Better Place, an Israeli entrepreneurial company that focused on its proprietary battery-swap electric vehicles. In our findings, we argued that organizational members' managerial-cognition-based conceptual framework is critical to the business model decision-making of an entrepreneurial firm. The discrepant and strongly held conceptual framework may result in misjudgment of environmental changes, especially when emerging-market numbers in an industry are high, and consensus regarding technology innovation in an industry is still lacking. The improper conceptual framework can generate mistaken business models, which further bring about an organizational decline. It is crucial for entrepreneurial firms to learn and improve existing conceptual frameworks and consequent business models by business interaction in the initiative stage if they are to avoid failure. The research outcome paves the way for future empirical studies to contribute to machine learning in the field of cognitive automation, artificial-intelligence-driven smart manufacturing, and sustainable industrial value creation in the era of digital transformation.

Comparison of clinical characteristics between meth/amphetamine and synthetic cathinone users presented to the emergency department.

BACKGROUND: Synthetic cathinones (SC) are popular new psychoactive substances that produce sympathomimetic toxicity. Meth/amphetamine and SC have similar chemical structures and pharmacological effects. We aimed to compare the clinical characteristics between meth/amphetamine and SC users presenting to the emergency department (ED). METHODS: This retrospective observational cohort study included patients who presented to six EDs from May 2017 to April 2021 with symptoms that related to recreational drug use and whose urine toxicology tests were positive only for meth/amphetamine or SC through liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: There were 379 patients who tested positive only for meth/amphetamine (MA group), and 87 patients tested positive only for SC (SC groups). Patients in the MA group were older than those in the SC group (median (IQR); MA: 37.0 (30-43.7), SC: 25.0 (21.0-32.7), p < 0.001). There were no significant between-group differences in the sex distribution and initial chief complaints. Compared with the MA group, the SC group had more cases of tachycardia (≥ 135/min; MA: 29 (8.2%), SC:16 (19.0%), p = 0.0031) and hyperthermia (≥ 38 °C; MA: 31 (8.2%), SC:18 (20.7%), p = 0.001). Besides, the SC group had significantly higher levels of creatinine kinase (CK, IU/L; MA: 263 (115-601), SC: 497 (206-9216), p = 0.008) as well as a higher risk of rhabdomyolysis (CK > 1000; MA:32 (8.4%), SC: 16 (18.4%), p = 0.006) and severe rhabdomyolysis (CK > 10,000; MA:10 (2.6%), SC:10 (11.5%), p = 001). Multivariable logistic regression analyses indicated SC group in comparison with the MA group (adjusted odds ratio: 2.732, 95% confidence interval: 1. 250-5.972, p = 0.012) was an association with the risk of rhabdomyolysis. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate that tachycardia, hyperthermia, and rhabdomyolysis were more common among cathinone users than among meth/amphetamine users presented to EDs.

Scientific publication trends of emergency department of International Federation for Emergency Medicine members, 2009 to 2018.

BACKGROUND: Emergency medicine (EM) is a rapidly developing specialty worldwide. The scientific publications trend is one of the parameters to evaluate national EM developmental milestones. This study was performed to analyze the publication trends from emergency departments (EDs) of International Federation for Emergency Medicine (IFEM) full member countries from 2009 to 2018. METHODS: All data were retrieved from the SciVerse Scopus database. IFEM full member countries where EM was recognized as a specialty before 2009 and annual publication numbers exceeded 12 in 2018 were included. The EM journals list was adopted from the 2017 Journal Citation Reports. Publications with the first author affiliated with EDs were divided into EM or non-EM journal groups according to the publishing journal. The slope (ß) of the linear regression was used to assess the trends of publication numbers. The correlation between the 2009 publication number and the trend of publication between 2009 and 2018 was measured by Pearson's correlation coefficient (r). The correlation between funding numbers and publication numbers was analyzed by Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (rs). RESULTS: We identified 30,130 publications with first authors from EDs in 19 countries. The numbers of publications in both EM and non-EM journals showed an increasing trend in 12 countries. Fifteen of the 19 countries had a greater increasing trend in non-EM journals than in EM journals. The 2009 publication numbers were positively correlated with the publication increasing trend between 2009 and 2018 in both EM and non-EM journals (r = 0.854 and 0.947, respectively, both p < 0.001). The funded publication number was positively correlated with the total national publication amount (rs = 0.748, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The research capacity of EDs has been increasingly recognized by other medical specialties. The national publication numbers from EDs may predict the academic publication increasing trends in the subsequent 10 years.