Experiences of Visually Impaired Mothers in Childcare and Their Expectations from Nurses.

Background and Purpose: Research on the childcare experiences of visually impaired mothers and their expectations from nurses in this context is relatively scarce. This study aims to explore the experiences of visually impaired mothers in caring for their children, as well as their expectations from nurses during this process. The goal is to provide strategic recommendations for nurses based on these expectations. Methods: The study utilized a phenomenological design and employed a qualitative methodology. Data for this study were collected in six different provinces of Turkey between March 2019 and May 2020. The study group consisted of 25 visually impaired mothers with nondisabled children aged 0-18 years. Results: The analysis yielded four themes: "Postpartum Emotions and Care at 0-1 Years," "Hygienic Care of the Child," "Experiences in the Child's Illness," and "Nursing Support: Expectations of Visually Impaired Mothers." While the first three themes are associated with childcare, the fourth theme encompasses both the expectations from nurses and recommendations for visually impaired mothers. The study found that visually impaired mothers had unique experiences and either received assistance or developed childcare strategies. However, it was observed that nurses struggled to empathize with visually impaired mothers, and efforts to address their specific needs were limited. Implications for Practice: Pediatric nurses should develop methods to facilitate childcare for visually impaired mothers. Successful outcomes in this field depend on nurses collaborating with visually impaired mothers and providing them with ongoing support.

Determination of the relationship between parents' health literacy and fever management of their children: A cross-sectional study.

AIMS: The research was conducted to determine the practices of parents regarding the fever management of their children and reveal the relationship between their health literacy (HL) and fever management of their children. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study was used. METHODS: This study was carried out with 242 parents. The data were collected using the Parent Descriptive Information Form, Turkish HL Scale-32 and Parents' Fever Management Scale between September 2021 and September 2022. The data were evaluated with the SPSS program, using percentages, averages, Pearson's correlation and regression analysis. RESULTS: The mean age of the parents was 31.87 ± 6.59. The parents' mean Parents' Fever Management Scale score was 36.22. It means that parents had high fever management practice. Their mean Turkish HL Scale-32 total score was 34.43. 51.6% of the parents had a problematic or insufficient HL level. In the cases of fever, 61.2% of the parents stated that they took off the child's clothes, 69.0% measured temperature from the armpit, and 55.4% gave antipyretics according to the doctor's prescription. There is a statistically significant positive correlation between the Parents' Fever Management Scale and Turkish HL Scale-32. It is observed that 8.2% of the change in parents' fever management is explained by HL. CONCLUSION: The study found that with an increase in parents' HL, fever management of their children also increased. IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PROFESSION AND/OR PATIENT CARE: Emerging evidence showed that developing parents' HL knowledge and skills could be an option/approach in fever management. It should be a basic nursing skill that to provide HL support to parents. REPORTING METHOD: This study adhered to the relevant cross-sectional STROBE (the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION: No patient or public contribution.

Motherhood experiences of nurses receiving postgraduate education: A phenomenological research study.

OBJECTIVE: Trying to juggle multiple roles and responsibilities as a student, nurse, and mother can be challenging due to pressures from overlapping time management. This study was conducted to explore the experiences of graduate students who work as nurses and are mothers. METHODS: The qualitative phenomenological data for this study were gathered from nurses at a training and research hospital between August and November 2022, utilizing face-to-face interviews. The study cohort comprised twelve nurses aged 28 to 48, all actively engaged in postgraduate education. Data were collected using a descriptive information form and semi-structured interviews. Thematic analysis was executed through inductive coding, facilitated by the Max Qualitative Data Analysis (MAXQDA) Analytics Pro2022 software. RESULTS: Four central themes were developed: "Experiences During the Breastfeeding Process," "Positive Effects," "Encountered Challenges," and "Expectations." CONCLUSIONS: The findings underscored that nurses who are mothers and pursuing postgraduate education encounter difficulties throughout their academic pursuits, notably attributed to working conditions and professional cultural values.

Experiences of Mothers With Physical Disabilities in the Care of Their Children and Their Expectations From Nurses.

Background and Purpose: The study aims to determine the experiences of Turkish mothers with physical disabilities in the care of their children and their expectations from nurses in this process and ensure the establishment of strategic recommendations for nurses in line with these expectations. Methods: This qualitative descriptive study included 21 mothers with physical disabilities of nondisabled children aged 0-18 years. Data analysis was conducted using the traditional content analysis method in the Max Qualitative Data Analysis Analytics Pro 2020 program. Results: Six themes were obtained from the analysis. Of the six themes determined, the themes "Prenatal Emotions and the Need for Support," "Postpartum Emotions and Childcare," "Strategies Facilitating the Care Process," "Child's Safety," "Advantages and Disadvantages," and "Expectations and Recommendations" are related to childcare, while the theme "Expectations and Recommendations" is related to expectations from nurses and other healthcare professionals and recommendations to mothers with physical disabilities. Implications for Practice: The participants stated that nurses' training and attempts to provide information related to their needs resulting from physical disabilities were limited.

The effect of family integrated care on preparing parents with premature infants hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit for discharge.

OBJECTIVE: The study was designed as a randomized controlled experimental trial to determine the effect of the Family Integrated Care (FICare) model on the readiness of parents whose infants were hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for discharge and home care of the infants. STUDY DESIGN: Parents in the intervention group received FICare, and parents in the control group received standard care. RESULTS: The total mean score of the mothers and fathers in the intervention group regarding readiness for discharge and home care was higher than that of the control group, and a significant difference was observed. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of discharge weight, the day of first enteral feeding, and first breast milk. CONCLUSION: The FICare model was observed to enhance the readiness of mothers and fathers for discharge and home care and positively affect the infant's weight gain, the status of breastfeeding and the continuation of nutrition. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifiers: NCT04478162 Unique Protocol ID: 16214662/050.01.04/14) on 17/07/2020.

The effect of interventions on flat and inverted nipple on breastfeeding: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Some methods have been developed to solve flat and/or inverted nipple problems. This study aimed to examine the effects of flat and/or inverted nipple interventions on nipples and breastfeeding. METHODS: Before initiating the review, the protocol was registered in the 'PROSPERO' database. This study was based on the PRISMA-P guideline. Seven databases (Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, The Cochrane Library, TÜBITAK Ulakbim and Google Scholar) were searched, and nine studies were included in this review. RESULTS: Hoffman's exercise, the inverted syringe method, and the nipple exercise was quite effective in increasing breastfeeding success. The rate of exclusive breastfeeding in the first, third, and sixth months of mothers followed up with postpartum multidimensional visits was found to be significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (p < 0.05). A study in which a rubber band was applied with the help of an injector on flat and inverted nipples showed that 63% of mothers on the third day and all of them in the first month were able to breastfeed without a rubber band. Hoffman's exercise, the inverted syringe technique, and rubber bands corrected the flat and/or inverted nipple. There were studies reporting complications as a result of nipple interventions. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: It is necessary to disseminate the information that breastfeeding of mothers with flat and/or inverted nipples can be sustained with various interventions. Furthermore, it is believed that providing mothers with a chance to choose the interventions, and thus, the compliance of mothers to the intervention with the method of their choice may increase the success of the intervention.

Can Willingness to Breastfeed Be an Opportunity for Smoking Pregnant Women to Quit Smoking?

PURPOSE: Smoking during pregnancy and/or not breastfeeding have considerable negative health outcomes for the mother and infant. This descriptive and cross-sectional study determined the relationship between the prediction of smoking cessation success in pregnant women and their breastfeeding attrition prediction during lactation. The other aim of the study was to determine the predictor of smoking cessation success and the factors affecting breastfeeding attrition prediction. METHODS: The present study was conducted with 131 smoking pregnant women. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, the Smoking Cessation Success Prediction Scale, and the Breastfeeding Attrition Prediction Tool. RESULTS: A statistically significant and positive correlation was revealed between the Smoking Cessation Success Prediction Scale and the positive breastfeeding attitude (r = 0.349, P < .01). Of the change in positive breastfeeding attitudes, 14.7% was explained by the prediction of smoking cessation success (adjusted R2 = 0.147). CONCLUSION: The study revealed that the prediction of smoking cessation success increased with an increase in the positive breastfeeding attitude of smoking pregnant women.

Causes of burnout in nursing seniors: A mixed methods study.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, the issue of burnout in newly graduated and student nurses has become an increasing interest of researchers. Burnout seriously affects the behavior, health, life and relationships of individuals. OBJECTIVES: This research was conducted to investigate the causes of burnout in nursing senior students in depth. DESIGN: This research, based on mixed method, was carried out with a sequential exploratory design. PARTICIPANTS: The study was conducted with 148 nursing students in their last year at a university in the Marmara Region of Türkiye. METHOD: Data were collected with Personal Information Form, The Burnout Measure Short Version (BMS) and Maslach Burnout Inventory-Student Form (MBI-SF) between March and April 2022. Qualitative interviews were conducted face-to-face with 16 students determined by criterion sampling method between May and June 2022. A semi-structured interview form was used to collect qualitative data. Descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation) were used for the analysis of quantitative data. Thematic analysis was performed for qualitative data. RESULTS: The mean BMS total score for the sample group was 4.50. MBI-SF sub-dimension mean scores; It is in the form of exhaustion (16.52), depersonalization (12.66) and competence (12.41). According to the scores of nursing senior students from BMS, it was determined that 22.3 % (n = 33) had burnout, 23 % (n = 34) had a serious burnout problem, and 28.4 % (n = 42) needed professional help as soon as possible. In addition, three main themes emerged as a result of the thematic analysis: (i) Effects of Burnout, (ii) Factors Affecting Burnout, (iii) Ways to Cope with Burnout. CONCLUSION: It was determined that one of the five nursing students was in danger of burnout. The prevalence of burnout in nursing senior students was 73.7 %. Besides, it was determined that the problems experienced in the student's nursing education and professional practices, the pandemic process, financial concerns, family-related situations, not finding time for social activities, and future anxiety were the factors causing burnout.

Water consumption in 0-6-month-old healthy infants and effective factors: A systematic review / Consumo de agua en lactantes sanos de cero a seis meses y factores efectivos: una revisión sistemática

INTRODUCTION: Early introduction of fluids and water affects the duration of breastfeeding, the infant immune system, and possibly causes infants to consume less breast milk, which may, in turn, affect their nutritional and immune status. OBJECTIVE: This study was carried out to determine water consumption in 0-6-month-old infants and the factors affecting this consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature review was conducted in seven electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and TÜBITAK) for studies published until April 25, 2022, using the keywords: drinking water, infant, and breastfeeding. RESULTS: The systematic review included 13 studies. Five studies were crosssectional, three were descriptive and quasi-experimental, and the others were case-control and cohort studies. It was reported in the examined studies that 86.2% of the infants were around 6 weeks old, 44 % of the infants were 1 month old, 77% were 3 months old, 2.5% were 4 months old, and 2.5 to 85% of the infants were around 6 months old when they first consumed water. The prominent reasons for making the infants drink water are the thought that they need it and cultural reasons. CONCLUSIONS: The exclusive breastfeeding of 0-6-month-old infants is the recommendation of reliable health authorities. Nurses play a key role in implementing this practice. In this systematic review, it was seen that families gave their infants water at varying rates in the 0-6-month period, and the factors affecting this situation were revealed. If nurses determine which factors affect families in terms of the early introduction of fluids, they could be able to plan the necessary education and interventions.

Introducción: La introducción temprana de líquidos y agua afecta la duración de la lactancia, el sistema inmune del lactante y posiblemente hace que los lactantes consuman menos leche materna, lo que a su vez puede afectar su estado nutricional e inmunitario. Objetivo: Este estudio se realizó para determinar el consumo de agua en bebés de cero a seis meses y los factores que inciden en este consumo. Objetivo: Este estudio se realizó para determinar el consumo de agua en bebés de cero a seis meses y los factores que inciden en este consumo. Materiales y métodos: se hizo una revisión de la literatura en siete bases de dato electrónicas (Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library y TÜBITAK) para estudios publicados hasta el 25 de abril de 2022, utilizando las palabras clave: agua potable, lactante y lactancia. Resultados: La revisión sistemática incluyó 13 estudios. Cinco fueron estudios transversales, tres fueron descriptivos, cuasiexperimentales y los restantes fueron estudios de casos y controles, y de cohortes. En los estudios examinados se informó que le dieron agua al 86,2 % de los lactantes de seis semanas, al 44 % de los lactantes de un mes, al 77 % de los lactantes de tres meses, al 2,5 % de los lactantes de cuatro meses y al 2,5 % a 85 % de los lactantes de seis meses. Las razones principales para dar agua a los bebés son la idea de que los bebés necesitan agua y razones culturales. Conclusiones: La lactancia materna exclusiva es la recomendación de las autoridades sanitarias para los bebés de cero a seis meses. Las enfermeras juegan un papel clave en la implementación de esta práctica. En esta revisión sistemática se observó que las familias daban agua a sus bebés en proporciones variables durante el período de cero a seis meses y se revelaron los factores que inciden en esta situación. Si las enfermeras determinan qué factores afectan a las familias en cuanto a la introducción temprana de líquidos, podrían planificar las medidas educativas y las intervenciones necesarias.

Water consumption in 0-6-month-old healthy infants and effective factors: A systematic review / Consumo de agua en lactantes sanos de cero a seis meses y factores efectivos: una revisión sistemática

Introduction: Early introduction of fluids and water affects the duration of breastfeeding, the infant immune system, and possibly causes infants to consume less breast milk, which may, in turn, affect their nutritional and immune status. Objective: This study was carried out to determine water consumption in 0-6-month-old infants and the factors affecting this consumption. Materials and methods: A literature review was conducted in seven electronic databases (Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and TÜBITAK) for studies published until April 25, 2022, using the keywords: drinking water, infant, and breastfeeding. Results: The systematic review included 13 studies. Five studies were crosssectional, three were descriptive and quasi-experimental, and the others were case-control and cohort studies. It was reported in the examined studies that 86.2% of the infants were around 6 weeks old, 44 % of the infants were 1 month old, 77% were 3 months old, 2.5% were 4 months old, and 2.5 to 85% of the infants were around 6 months old when they first consumed water. The prominent reasons for making the infants drink water are the thought that they need it and cultural reasons. Conclusions: The exclusive breastfeeding of 0-6-month-old infants is the recommendation of reliable health authorities. Nurses play a key role in implementing this practice. In this systematic review, it was seen that families gave their infants water at varying rates in the 0-6-month period, and the factors affecting this situation were revealed. If nurses determine which factors affect families in terms of the early introduction of fluids, they could be able to plan the necessary education and interventions.

Introducción. La introducción temprana de líquidos y agua afecta la duración de la lactancia, el sistema inmune del lactante y posiblemente hace que los lactantes consuman menos leche materna, lo que a su vez puede afectar su estado nutricional e inmunitario. Objetivo. Este estudio se realizó para determinar el consumo de agua en bebés de cero a seis meses y los factores que inciden en este consumo. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo una revisión de la literatura en siete bases de dato electrónicas (Medline, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Cochrane Library y TÜBITAK) para estudios publicados hasta el 25 de abril de 2022, utilizando las palabras clave: agua potable, lactante y lactancia. Resultados. La revisión sistemática incluyó 13 estudios. Cinco fueron estudios transversales, tres fueron descriptivos, cuasiexperimentales y los restantes fueron estudios de casos y controles, y de cohortes. En los estudios examinados se informó que le dieron agua al 86,2 % de los lactantes de seis semanas, al 44 % de los lactantes de un mes, al 77 % de los lactantes de tres meses, al 2,5 % de los lactantes de cuatro meses y al 2,5 % a 85 % de los lactantes de seis meses. Las razones principales para dar agua a los bebés son la idea de que los bebés necesitan agua y razones culturales. Conclusiones. La lactancia materna exclusiva es la recomendación de las autoridades sanitarias para los bebés de cero a seis meses. Las enfermeras juegan un papel clave en la implementación de esta práctica. En esta revisión sistemática se observó que las familias daban agua a sus bebés en proporciones variables durante el período de cero a seis meses y se revelaron los factores que inciden en esta situación. Si las enfermeras determinan qué factores afectan a las familias en cuanto a la introducción temprana de líquidos, podrían planificar las medidas educativas y las intervenciones necesarias.

The effects of kangaroo mother care on physiological parameters of premature neonates in neonatal intensive care unit: A systematic review.

PURPOSE: The effects of Kangaroo mother care (KMC) on physiological parameters in preterm infants have been reported in the literature by experimental and quasi-experimental studies, and varying findings have been presented. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of KMC on the physiological parameters of premature newborns in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. DESIGN AND METHOD: The review was conducted according to the specified keywords by scanning the EBSCO-host, Cochrane Library, Medline, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and TR index databases using the keywords "kangaroo care AND preterm AND vital signs." The pool mean differences (MDs) were calculated, adopting a 95% confidence interval (CIs) using the Stata 16 software for the meta-analysis [PROSPERO: CRD42021283475]. RESULTS: Eleven studies for systematic review and nine studies for meta-analysis, including 634 participants, were found eligible for inclusion. It was determined that the "temperature" (z = 3.21; p = 0.000) and "oxygen saturation" (z = 2.49; p = 0.000) values created a positive effect in general in the kangaroo care group; however, there was no sufficient evidence to state that it affected the "heart rate" (z = -0.60; p = 0.55) and "respiratory rate" (z = -1.45; p = 0.15) values. In the present study, the duration of KMC application had statistically different effects on temperature and oxygen saturation (SpO2) (p < 0.05). One-hour or shorter applications of KMC had a higher effect on the temperature and oxygen saturation values (1.83; 1.62, respectively). CONCLUSION: Our results provided references for clinical implications, and the "temperature" and "oxygen saturation (SpO2)" values created a positive effect in general in the KMC group. However, there was no sufficient evidence to state that it affected the "heart rate" and "respiratory rate" values. The duration of KMC application had statistically different effects on temperature and oxygen saturation. One-hour or shorter applications of KMC had a higher effect on the temperature and SpO2 values. Longitudinal, randomized, controlled studies examining the effects of KMC on vital signs in premature newborns with vital parameters outside the normal reference range are recommended. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The goal of the NICU nurse is to improve the infant's well-being. The application of KMC is a unique care for the nurse in maintaining the newborn's well-being. The vital signs of newborns hospitalized in the NICU with critical problems may be out of normal limits. KMC is an essential developmental care practice that ensures that the neonate's vital signs are kept within normal limits by relaxing the neonate, reducing stress, increasing comfort, and supporting interventions and treatments. KMC application is unique for each mother­neonate pair. Depending on the tolerance of the mother and infant in terms of duration, it is recommended to perform KMC in the NICU under the supervision of a nurse. Neonatal nurses should support mothers in giving KMC in the NICU since KMC has ameliorative effects on the vital signs of premature neonates.

The relationship between fear of COVID-19 and psychological resilience according to personality traits of university students: A PATH analysis.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the current research was to identify the influence of university students' personality traits on their fear of COVID-19 and psychological resilience levels. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional trial was completed with 690 students. Descriptive statistics and correlations were calculated, and a path analysis was employed with the objective of assessing the model fit and investigating direct and indirect impacts. FINDINGS: Among personality traits, conscientiousness and neuroticism were observed to affect fear of COVID-19, and conscientiousness, neuroticism, and openness to experience had an effect on psychological resilience. The tested model has a good fit and explains the direct effects of the study variables. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Nurses should improve university students' psychological resilience by supporting them with protective and improving factors. The role of the psychiatric nurse is important in providing conscious and need-oriented support in extraordinary events such as pandemics.

The effects of freezing and thawing on mature human milk's contains: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a systematic review on the effects of freezing and thawing mature human milk at -18 to -20°C for different periods of time on the macronutrients, micronutrients and bioactive content of milk. DESIGN: Before starting the research, the study protocol was recorded in the 'PROSPERO' database. Eleven databases were searched, and eight studies were included in this review. The articles were published between January 2010 and June 2020. MEASUREMENTS AND FINDINGS: Total protein content increased when milk was frozen for 2 days, but this decreased significantly when milk was frozen for >1 week. Total carbohydrate content also increased when milk was frozen for 2 days, and no significant change was observed when milk was frozen for >1 week. Energy content decreased when milk was frozen for >8 weeks. Total fat content decreased as the freezing period of milk increased, and total free fatty acid content increased. Thirty days of freezing led to a non-significant decrease in the vitamin E content of milk. Freezing did not lead to changes in immunological factors in human milk, but decreases in glutathione peroxidase, antioxidant capacity and lactoferrin were observed. KEY CONCLUSIONS: In order to maintain the nutritional and immunological properties of human milk after freezing and thawing, families, especially mothers, should be informed about the effects of storing milk this way. After expressing milk, it is recommended that the date should be written on the freezer bag, so that milk is frozen for a shorter period of time before use.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on nurses' burnout and related factors: A rapid systematic review.

AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on nurses' burnout and related factors. BACKGROUND: Nurses at the frontlines in every field of the health system and composed most of the health service industry closely experience all negative events during the pandemic. METHODS: This study is a rapid systematic review. RESULTS: A total of 751 studies were selected, of which 13 studies were compatible with the inclusion criteria. The sample size ranged from 107 to 12.596. The studies determined that nurses' burnout levels were generally moderate level and above during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sociodemographic, occupational, psychological, and COVID-19-related factors affected this burnout. CONCLUSION: The results of this review may use to make implications that would ease the effect of the pandemic on nurses and develop strategies to protect nurses from burnout in similar possible situations. The protocol information is included here for blind peer review. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER (ID): CRD42021244849. REGISTRATION AND PROTOCOL: Prior to undertaking the review, we registered the protocol in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). The registration number is CRD42021244849. Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021244849. The changes made during the review process were registered in PROSPERO with an update.

Breastfeeding/Breast Milk Safety in Infants of Mothers with Suspected or Confirmed COVID-19 Infection.

The purpose of this systematic review was to determine whether suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infected mothers in the lactation period can breastfeed their infants; and whether suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infected mothers can breastfeed their infants by taking some precautions. The study also aimed to present the measures that can be taken in line with the evidence. The studies conducted after November 2019 and including infants of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infected mothers were reviewed between 2019 and 2020. A literature review was conducted in five electronic databases (MEDLINE, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus) to reach original quantitative studies in English. The present authors retrieved 46 of the 1,229 studies included after screening. Three studies were cross-sectional studies, 30 were case studies, and 13 were cohorts. In most of the sources examined, it was concluded that most of the breastfed infants had negative findings for SARS-Cov-2 infection in PCR. In line with the limited data available, it was concluded that most of the breastfed infants had negative findings for SARS-Cov-2 infection in PCR; and breastfeeding mothers should initiate breastfeeding by taking protective measures. Key Words: Breastfeeding, COVID-19, Suspected COVID-19 infected mothers, Confirmed COVID-19 infected mothers.

The Effect of Breastfeeding and an Intensive Breast Milk Nutritional Support Program on Hospitalization Rates for Hyperbilirubinemia in Term Newborns: An Open Randomized Controlled Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of breastfeeding and intensive breast milk nutritional support program (IBNSP) on hospitalization rates for hyperbilirubinemia in normal term newborns. METHODS: This study's sample consisted of 68 newborn infants (experimental group: 34; control group: 34) born at a university hospital from October 2020 to April 2021. Five steps of breastfeeding and IBNSP were administered to the experimental group for the first 48 h after birth. This program starts at the postpartum first hour and continues until the 48th hour. It includes face-to-face training, practical support on breastfeeding, and one-to-one demonstration and practice methods. The control group received the standard care recommended by the World Health Organization. Both groups' bilirubin levels were measured 24 and 72 h after birth. Participants in both groups were hospitalized for risky (according to bilirubin values) situations. The groups' bilirubin levels and hospitalization rates for hyperbilirubinemia were compared. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference between the experimental (5.19 ± 1.27) and the control (5.83 ± 1.52) groups' bilirubin levels at 24 h after birth, (t = -1.881, p = 0.064); however, the control group infants (12.03 ± 3.67 mg/dl) had higher bilirubin levels than the infants in the experimental group 72 h after birth (9.55 ± 2.82 mg/dl) (t = -3.122, p = 0.003). The experimental group's hospitalization rate for hyperbilirubinemia (n: 1, 2.9%) was lower than the control group's rate (n: 8, 23.5%), and this difference was statistically significant (X2 = 6.275, p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Breastfeeding and IBNSP effectively prevent hospitalization for hyperbilirubinemia and reduce newborns' bilirubin levels.

Clinical characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 in newborns: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Aim of this systematic review is to investigate the available evidence describing neonatal outcomes in newborns who have SARS-CoV-2 infection in order to guide prevention of COVID-19 in newborns. METHODS: This is the study protocol for a systematic review. MEDLINE, Web of Science, PubMed, Science Direct, CINAHL, Scopus, Cochrane, TUBITAK databases, and key words of "Newborn" (neonatal OR clinical characteristics newborn OR infants less than 1 month OR infants less than 28 weeks OR Neonate) AND "clinical presentation" (epidemiology OR symptoms OR clinical course OR features) AND "COVID-19" (Coronavirus OR COVID-19 OR Sars-Cov2 OR coronavirus disease 2019 OR Novel Coronavirus OR 2019-nCoV) were searched for this systematic review. Randomized controlled trial, cross-sectional, case-control, and case reports, case reports examining neonatal outcomes in newborns who have SARS-CoV-2 infection were included. Studies were selected according to criteria around the population, intervention, comparator, outcome(s) of interest, and study design (PICOS framework). All citations and full-text articles were searched by independent five authors. The population that newborns with COVID-19 that confirmed within 28 d of birth are included. The interventions included in COVID-19 infection diagnosed via reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or serological. The primary outcomes were Neonatal clinical outcomes. The methodological quality of the studies was appraised using appropriate tools. Strength of the body of evidence was assessed according to the quality assessment tool for quantitative studies (QATQS). RESULTS: The electronic search identified 1051 records that were examined, after evaluating 35 of them were included in the study. Seven studies were research articles and twenty-eight were case reports. Methodological quality was medium. Most of the clinical characteristics of newborns were respiratory difficulty and secondly fever. Some newborns gastrointestinal (GIS) symptoms in the form of diarrhea and feeding intolerance and abdominal distension were present in 50%. The fatality case did not exist in any newborn due to COVID-19. Death occurred in one case due to prematurity. CONCLUSIONS: The most common symptoms in patients with COVID-19 infection in the neonatal period are respiratory tract symptoms and fever. It has been observed that the COVID-19 infection detected in the neonatal period is not fatal. However, data including more cases are needed.

Designing dress (Sarbebe) for kangaroo care, the effect of kangaroo care provided with this dress on mother and newborn's comfort†.

The aims of the researchers were to design the clothes to be worn by the mothers in kangaroo care (KC) and to determine the effect of the KC provided with these clothes on the comfort of the mother and infant. This study was experimentally carried out as a methodological, randomized controlled trial for the designing of clothes for KC. Data were collected using the "Parent and Newborn Information Form", "KC Comfort Scale" and "Newborn Comfort Behavior Scale (Comfort-Neo)". The body temperature, heart rate, oxygen saturation, respiration rate parameters of the newborns were evaluated. The data were transferred to the IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program and evaluated. Our results showed that the KC Comfort Scale total score was 71.1 ± 14.8 in the control group and 84.0 ± 1.5 in the intervention group and "Newborn Comfort Behavior Scale" total scores were found to be 12.47 ± 6.90 in the control group and 8.67 ± 3.46 in the intervention group. It was determined that the KC Comfort Scale (z: -4.785 p: 0.000) in the intervention group were significantly higher compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Pain (z: -4.439 p: 0.000) and distress (z: -4.601 p: 0.000) levels of the control group were found to be significantly higher compared to the intervention group. Sarbebe is recommended to be used in KC practices since it was concluded that maternal comfort and satisfaction was high and the pain and distress scores of the newborn were low after KC provided with Sarbebe.

Relationship between prenatal and maternal attachment: a longitudinal study from Turkey.

The healthy development of the attachment which starts in the prenatal period and continues after the birth strengthens, positively supports the newborn care and contributes to raising healthy individuals in the future. This study was carried out to determine the effect of mother-fetus attachment that develops during pregnancy on mother-infant attachment in the postpartum period. This descriptive, correlational and longitudinal study was conducted with 150 volunteer mothers who could be reached again within 1-4 months after birth. Data were collected by the Questionnaire Form, the Prenatal Attachment Inventory (PAI) and the Maternal Attachment Scale (MAS). When the relationship between participants' PAI (41.20 ± 11.35) and MAS (26.05 ± 5.13) point averages was examined, it was observed that there was a weak, positive and statistically significant relationship between the two scales (r = 0.304, p=.000). It was observed that there was a relationship between the attachment between pregnant woman and developing fetus and the maternal attachment in the postnatal period.Impact statementWhat is already known on this subject? Attachment is a process which is formed by an interaction between the mother and the infant that is satisfying and enjoyed by both sides. It provides a basis for the establishment of relationships of the infant with the outside world and for the psychological development of the infant.What the results of this study add? This study has shown that a strong and healthy establishment of attachment in the prenatal period will positively contribute to the mother-infant attachment process in the postnatal period. A strong and healthy establishment of attachment in the prenatal period will positively contribute to the mother-infant attachment process in the postnatal period.What the implications are of these findings for clinical practice and/or further research? Mother-infant attachment can be strengthened just before the baby is born by determining the prenatal attachment and providing the appropriate approach to those who identify the problems in this regard, and thus, the risk of neglect and exploitation of the baby can be reduced and also the problems such as breastfeeding of the baby after birth, receiving proper care, and postnatal depression in the mother can even be reduced.

Effect of education on the readiness levels of primigravida women to hygienic care practices of the newborn with the use of QR code.

The researcers planned this study to determine the effect of the education on the hygienic care of the newborn with the use of QR Code on readiness levels of primigravida women to hygienic care practices of the newborn. A total of 68 primigravida women constituted of this interventional study. After the intervention group completed their education on newborn care, mobile application and QR codes were introduced to the pregnant women. The control group received routine newborn care training. It was observed that the education of hygienic care to the newborn, which was provided to pregnant women with the use of QR Code, was effective on their readiness to care. Pediatric nurses can provide QR code supported training to prepare pregnant women for the hygienic care of the newborn.