Emotional Management Strategies in Prehospital Nurses: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Prehospital care is intricate and unpredictable. Nurses in this environment encounter psychologically challenging situations and traumatic experiences daily. Nurses respond variably when delivering care in this context. This study aims to map the emotional management strategies used by prehospital nurses. METHODS: Research was conducted in MEDLINE, CINAHL Complete, and the Open Access Scientific Repository of Portugal (RCAAP). The inclusion criteria were studies with prehospital nurses in Portuguese, English, and Spanish languages, covering all study types. RESULTS: From the initial 511 studies identified, four studies were deemed eligible after rigorous screening. The strategies used are individual (pre- and post-event) and collective, varying from formal to informal, with or without institutional support. Notable experiences included a lack of technical/scientific preparation, personal life association, treating acquaintances, pediatric-age patients, childbirth, cardiopulmonary arrests in young individuals, traffic accidents, and suicides. CONCLUSIONS: Nurses need training in basic emotional management tools. This research provides an initial understanding of their emotional well-being's impact on personal and professional performance. This study was prospectively registered with the Open Science Framework (OSF) on 29 June 2023, with the registration number: z638t.

Changes in Clinical Training for Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

(1) Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has cost social, economic, cultural, and educational life, distressing nursing training and practice. This study aimed to map the literature on changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: A scoping review was conducted according to JBI methodology's latest guidance. A set of relevant electronic databases and grey literature was searched to report results published in English, Spanish, and Portuguese. (3) Results: A total of 12 studies were included in the study, addressing changes in clinical training in undergraduate nursing students due to COVID-19 pandemic activity, published between 2020 and 2022. (4) Conclusions: Nursing schools made an effort to replace traditional clinical training with several activities, primarily based on simulation or virtual activities. However, contact with others is essential, and simulation programs or scenarios cannot provide it.

The Burnout of Nurses in Intensive Care Units and the Impact of the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: The world's population changed with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Burnout arises due to overwork, prolonged work periods, a lack of human and material resources, etc. Several studies have reported the incidence of burnout syndrome in nurses that work in intensive care units (ICUs). The aim was to map the scientific evidence related to nurses' burnout in the ICU, namely the repercussions of SARS-CoV-2 in terms of burnout among nurses. METHODS: A scoping review followed the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology guidelines to search for and synthesise studies published between 2019 and 2022. The databases searched were MEDLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, SCOPUS, PsycINFO and OPEN GREY. A total of fourteen articles were eligible to be included. RESULTS: A content analysis of the selected articles was carried out, and three categories emerged that corresponded to the dimensions of burnout according to Maslach and Leiter: emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation dimension and a lack of personal accomplishment. It was evident that nurses who worked in the ICU during the pandemic showed high levels of burnout. CONCLUSIONS: It is recommended that hospital administrations hire health professionals, namely nurses, as a strategic and operational management strategy to reduce the risk of increased burnout during pandemic outbreaks.

Determinantes da adesão dos enfermeiros aos equipamentos de proteção individual no serviço de urgência: Scoping review / Determinants of nurses' adherence to personal protective equipment in the emergency department: Scoping review / Determinantes de la adherencia de los enfermeros a los equipos de protección individual en el servicio de urgencias: Revisión exploratoria

Resumo Contexto: O uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs) garante a segurança dos profissionais de saúde e utentes. No entanto, os fatores que afetam a adesão aos mesmos encontram-se dispersos na literatura. Objetivo: Mapear os fatores que determinam a adesão ao uso de EPIs pelos enfermeiros do serviço de urgência. Método de revisão: Scoping review com base nos princípios preconizados pelo Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Dois revisores independentes realizaram a análise de relevância dos artigos, a extração e síntese dos dados. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Os artigos incluídos na revisão revelam que a responsabilidade, o conhecimento das consequências, as intervenções educacionais e o feedback em tempo real promovem a utilização de EPIs. Por sua vez, fatores como idade, patologias, falta de treino e avaliação, falta de conhecimento e insegurança inibem a adesão aos EPIs. Conclusão: A identificação destes fatores é crucial para o desenvolvimento de intervenções que visem o aumento da adesão aos EPIs. Mais estudos devem ser realizados para determinar que fatores influenciam o seu uso.

Abstract Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) ensures the safety of both health professionals and patients. However, the factors influencing adherence to PPE are scattered in the literature. Objective: To map the factors influencing nurses' adherence to PPE use in the emergency department. Review method: Scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. Two independent reviewers analyzed the relevance of the studies, and extracted and synthesized data. Presentation and interpretation of results: The studies included in this review revealed that responsibility, knowledge of the consequences, educational interventions, and real-time feedback promote adherence to PPE use. In turn, factors such as age, diseases, lack of training and assessment, lack of knowledge, and insecurity hinder adherence to PPE use. Conclusion: Identifying these factors is crucial in developing interventions to increase adherence to PPE use. Further studies should be carried out to determine the factors influencing PPE use.

Resumen Contexto: El uso de equipos de protección individual (EPI) garantiza la seguridad de los profesionales sanitarios y de los usuarios. Sin embargo, los factores que afectan su adherencia a los mismos se encuentran dispersos en la literatura. Objetivo: Mapear los factores que determinan la adherencia al uso de EPI por parte de los enfermeros en el servicio de urgencias. Método de revisión: Revisión exploratoria (scoping review) con base en los principios del Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Dos revisores independientes realizaron el análisis de relevancia de los artículos, la extracción y la síntesis de los datos. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Los artículos incluidos en la revisión muestran que la responsabilidad, el conocimiento de las consecuencias, las intervenciones educativas y la retroalimentación en tiempo real promueven el uso de los EPI. A su vez, factores como la edad, las patologías, la falta de formación y evaluación, el desconocimiento y la inseguridad inhiben la adherencia a los EPI. Conclusión: La identificación de estos factores es crucial para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a aumentar la adherencia a los EPI. Deberían realizarse más estudios para determinar qué factores influyen en su uso.

Metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar: Scoping review / Pedagogical methodologies in family health nursing: Scoping review / Metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de salud familiar: Scoping review

Resumo Contexto: As metodologias pedagógicas adotadas são um fator importante na aquisição e desenvolvimento de competências dos estudantes de enfermagem. Não obstante, as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino de enfermagem de saúde familiar encontram-se dispersas na literatura. Objetivo: Mapear as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino de enfermagem de saúde familiar. Método de revisão sistemática: Scoping review com base nos princípios preconizados pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a análise de relevância dos artigos, a extração e síntese dos dados. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Dois estudos foram incluídos na revisão. Foram utilizadas como metodologias pedagógicas o debriefing estruturado e a narração dialógica. Ambos os estudos foram implementados em estudantes da graduação de enfermagem. Um dos estudos foi realizado unicamente em contexto de laboratório e outro, adicionalmente, em contexto real. Conclusão: As metodologias pedagógicas e os contextos de implementação diferem entre os estudos. Mais estudos devem ser realizados no âmbito das metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar.

Abstract Background: Pedagogical methodologies are a critical factor in nursing students' acquisition and development of skills. Nevertheless, the pedagogical methodologies used in family health nursing education are scattered in the literature. Objective: To map the pedagogical methodologies used in family health nursing education. Review method: Scoping review based on the principles advocated by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Two independent reviewers appraised the articles and extracted and synthesized data. Presentation and interpretation of results: Two studies were included in this review. Structured debriefing and dialogical narrative were used as pedagogical strategies. Both studies were implemented on undergraduate nursing students. One of the studies was conducted in a laboratory setting and the other in a laboratory setting and a real-life environment. Conclusion: Pedagogical methodologies and implementation contexts differ across studies. Further studies should be conducted on the pedagogical strategies used in family health nursing.

Resumen Contexto: Las metodologías pedagógicas adoptadas son un factor importante en la adquisición y el desarrollo de las competencias de los estudiantes de enfermería. Sin embargo, las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de enfermería de salud familiar están dispersas en la literatura. Objetivo: Mapear las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de enfermería de salud familiar. Método de revisión sistemática: Revisión de alcance (scoping review) basada en los principios recomendados por el Joanna Briggs Institute. Dos revisores independientes realizaron el análisis de la relevancia de los artículos, la extracción de datos y la síntesis. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Se incluyeron dos estudios en la revisión. Se utilizaron como metodologías pedagógicas el debriefing estructurado y la narración dialógica. Ambos estudios se llevaron a cabo en estudiantes de enfermería de primer ciclo. Uno de los estudios se realizó únicamente en un entorno de laboratorio y el otro, además, en un contexto real. Conclusión: Las metodologías pedagógicas y los contextos de aplicación difieren entre los estudios. Deberían realizarse más estudios en el ámbito de las metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de salud familiar.

Determinantes da adesão dos enfermeiros aos equipamentos de proteção individual no serviço de urgência: Scoping review / Determinants of nurses' adherence to personal protective equipment in the emergency department: Scoping review / Determinantes de la adherencia de los enfermeros a los equipos de protección individual en el servicio de urgencias: Revisión exploratoria

Resumo Contexto: O uso de equipamentos de proteção individual (EPIs) garante a segurança dos profissionais de saúde e utentes. No entanto, os fatores que afetam a adesão aos mesmos encontram-se dispersos na literatura. Objetivo: Mapear os fatores que determinam a adesão ao uso de EPIs pelos enfermeiros do serviço de urgência. Método de revisão: Scoping review com base nos princípios preconizados pelo Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Dois revisores independentes realizaram a análise de relevância dos artigos, a extração e síntese dos dados. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Os artigos incluídos na revisão revelam que a responsabilidade, o conhecimento das consequências, as intervenções educacionais e o feedback em tempo real promovem a utilização de EPIs. Por sua vez, fatores como idade, patologias, falta de treino e avaliação, falta de conhecimento e insegurança inibem a adesão aos EPIs. Conclusão: A identificação destes fatores é crucial para o desenvolvimento de intervenções que visem o aumento da adesão aos EPIs. Mais estudos devem ser realizados para determinar que fatores influenciam o seu uso.

Abstract Background: Personal protective equipment (PPE) ensures the safety of both health professionals and patients. However, the factors influencing adherence to PPE are scattered in the literature. Objective: To map the factors influencing nurses' adherence to PPE use in the emergency department. Review method: Scoping review based on the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) methodology. Two independent reviewers analyzed the relevance of the studies, and extracted and synthesized data. Presentation and interpretation of results: The studies included in this review revealed that responsibility, knowledge of the consequences, educational interventions, and real-time feedback promote adherence to PPE use. In turn, factors such as age, diseases, lack of training and assessment, lack of knowledge, and insecurity hinder adherence to PPE use. Conclusion: Identifying these factors is crucial in developing interventions to increase adherence to PPE use. Further studies should be carried out to determine the factors influencing PPE use.

Resumen Contexto: El uso de equipos de protección individual (EPI) garantiza la seguridad de los profesionales sanitarios y de los usuarios. Sin embargo, los factores que afectan su adherencia a los mismos se encuentran dispersos en la literatura. Objetivo: Mapear los factores que determinan la adherencia al uso de EPI por parte de los enfermeros en el servicio de urgencias. Método de revisión: Revisión exploratoria (scoping review) con base en los principios del Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI). Dos revisores independientes realizaron el análisis de relevancia de los artículos, la extracción y la síntesis de los datos. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Los artículos incluidos en la revisión muestran que la responsabilidad, el conocimiento de las consecuencias, las intervenciones educativas y la retroalimentación en tiempo real promueven el uso de los EPI. A su vez, factores como la edad, las patologías, la falta de formación y evaluación, el desconocimiento y la inseguridad inhiben la adherencia a los EPI. Conclusión: La identificación de estos factores es crucial para el desarrollo de intervenciones destinadas a aumentar la adherencia a los EPI. Deberían realizarse más estudios para determinar qué factores influyen en su uso.

Intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeiros no controlo da dor em cuidados paliativos: protocolo scoping review / Non-pharmacological pain-relief interventions implemented by nurses in palliative care: scoping review protocol

Objetivo: Identificar e mapear a evidência científica existente no âmbito das intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeiros, com o objetivo de proporcionar controlo da dor, da pessoa em situação paliativa. Metodologia: Protocolo de Scoping review com base na metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute. Na pesquisa e identificação dos estudos, serão usadas as bases de dados eletrónicas MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, Scopus. Adicionalmente, a pesquisa de estudos não publicados incluirá o Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) e o OpenGrey. A estratégia de pesquisa abrangerá todos os artigos publicados em português, espanhol e inglês, nos últimos 5 anos. Resultados: Os resultados serão apresentados em formato narrativo, recorrendo a tabelas, de acordo com o objetivo, foco e questão de revisão. O mapeamento das intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeiros, no âmbito do controlo da dor, irá contribuir para a disseminação da evidência disponível. Conclusão: Espera-se que a presente scoping review contribua para a análise crítica das intervenções não farmacológicas implementadas pelos enfermeiros neste âmbito, dado o potencial impacte destas no controlo da dor e na qualidade dos cuidados prestados.

Objetivo: Identificar y mapear la evidencia científica existente en el ámbito de las intervenciones no farmacológicas implementadas por enfermeras, con el objetivo de proporcionar el control del dolor a la persona en situación paliativa. Método: Protocolo de scoping review, según la metodología de Instituto Joanna Briggs. En la estrategia de investigación e identificación de estudios, se utilizarán las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL Complete (vía EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (vía Pubmed), Registro Cochrane Central de Ensayos Controlados, Base de Datos Cochrane de Revisiones Sistemáticas, Scielo, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews. Scopus. A su vez, la búsqueda de estudios inéditos incluirá el Repositorio Científico de Acceso Abierto de Portugal (RCAAP) y OpenGrey. La estrategia de búsqueda incluirá todos los artículos publicados en portugués, español e inglés en los últimos 5 años. Resultados: Los resultados se presentarán en formato narrativo, mediante tablas, de acuerdo con el objetivo, enfoque y pregunta de revisión. El mapeo de las intervenciones no farmacológicas, en el ámbito del control del dolor, contribuirá para la difusión de la evidencia disponible. Conclusión: Se espera que la presente revisión contribuya para el análisis crítico de las intervenciones no farmacológicas en esta área, dado el potencial impacto de estas en el control del dolor y en la cualidad de los cuidados prestados.

Aim: To identify and map the existing scientific evidence within the scope of non-pharmacological interventions implemented by nurses with the objective of providing pain relief to the people in a palliative situation. Method: This study followed the scoping review protocol based on the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. In regard to the research strategy and identification of studies, the following electronic databases were consulted: MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, JBI Library of Systematic Reviews, and Scopus. In addition, the search for unpublished studies included the Scientific Repository for Open Access of Portugal (RCAAP) and OpenGrey. The research strategy included all the articles published in Portuguese, Spanish and English in the last 5 years. Results: Following the main objective, focus and research question, the results will be presented in a narrative format, using tables. The mapping of the non-pharmacological interventions implemented by nurses focused on pain relief will contribute to the dissemination of the available evidence. Conclusion: It is expected that the present scoping review will contribute to the critical analysis of non-pharmacological interventions implemented by nurses in this area given the potential impact of these on pain relief and the quality of care provided.

Metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar: protocolo de scoping review / Pedagogical Methodologies in Family Health Nursing: Scoping Review Protocol Aim

Objetivo: Mapear as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no ensino de enfermagem de saúde familiar. Mais especificamente, pretende-se dar resposta às seguintes questões: 1) Quais as metodologias pedagógicas utilizadas no Ensino de Enfermagem de saúde familiar? 2) Em que nível de ensino são utilizadas referidas metodologias pedagógicas? 3) Em que contexto são utilizadas referidas metodologias pedagógicas? Metodologia: Scoping Review orientada pela metodologia proposta pelo Joanna Briggs Institute para a realização de Scoping Reviews. Na pesquisa e identificação dos estudos, serão usadas as bases de dados eletrónicas MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, Scopus. Adicionalmente, a pesquisa de estudos não publicados incluirá o Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) e o OpenGrey. A estratégia de pesquisa abrangerá todos os artigos publicados em português, espanhol, francês e inglês, sem limite temporal. Resultados: Os dados serão apresentados em formato narrativo, com recurso a tabelas, alinhadas com o objetivo, foco e questão de revisão. O mapeamento da evidência disponível sobre metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar contribuirá para a disseminação da evidência disponível sobre o tema e permitirá identificar lacunas na literatura. Conclusão: Espera-se que a presente scoping review contribua para a análise crítica das metodologias pedagógicas em enfermagem de saúde familiar, dado o potencial impacto destas no desenvolvimento de competências dos estudantes de enfermagem.

Objetivo: Mapear las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de la enfermería de la salud familiar. Más específicamente, se pretende dar respuesta a las siguientes preguntas: 1) ¿Cuáles son las metodologías pedagógicas utilizadas en la enseñanza de la enfermería de la familia? 2) ¿En qué nivel de enseñanza se utilizan estas metodologías pedagógicas? 3) ¿En qué contexto se utilizan estas metodologías pedagógicas? Método: Scoping review, orientada por la metodología propuesta por el Joanna Briggs Institute para la realización de scoping reviews. En la estrategia de investigación e identificación de estudios, se utilizarán las bases de datos electrónicas CINAHL Complete (vía EBSCOhost), MEDLINE (vía Pubmed), Registro Cochrane Central de Ensayos Controlados, Base de Datos Cochrane de Revisiones Sistemáticas, Scielo e Scopus. A su vez, la búsqueda de estudios inéditos incluirá el Repositorio Científico de Acceso Abierto de Portugal (RCAAP) y OpenGrey. La estrategia de búsqueda incluirá todos los artículos publicados en portugués, español, francés e inglés, sin límite de tiempo. Resultados: Los datos se presentarán en formato narrativo, utilizando tablas, alineados con el objetivo, enfoque y pregunta de revisión. El mapeo de la evidencia disponible sobre metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de la familia contribuirá para la difusión de la evidencia disponible sobre el tema y permitirá identificar lagunas en la literatura. Conclusión: Se espera que la revisión contribuya al análisis crítico de las metodologías pedagógicas en enfermería de salud familiar, dado su potencial impacto en el desarrollo de habilidades del estudiantado de enfermería.

Aim: To map the pedagogical methodologies used in the teaching of family health nursing. More specifically, this study intends to answer the following questions: 1) What are the pedagogical methodologies used in family nursing education? 2) At what level of education are such pedagogical methodologies used? 3) In what context are such pedagogical methodologies used? Method: A scoping review will be conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology for conducting Scoping Reviews. For the research strategy and identification of studies, the following electronic databases will be consulted MEDLINE (via Pubmed), CINAHL Complete (via EBSCOhost), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Scielo, and Scopus. In addition, the search for unpublished studies will include the Scientific Repository for Open Access of Portugal (RCAAP), and OpenGrey. The research strategy will include all articles published in Portuguese, Spanish, French and English with a time limit. Results: Following the objective, focus and research questions, the data will be presented in a narrative format, using tables. The mapping of the available evidence on pedagogical methodologies in family nursing will contribute to the dissemination of the available evidence on this subject matter and will ease the identification of the literature. Conclusion: It is expected that this scoping review will contribute to the critical analysis of pedagogical methodologies in family health nursing given their potential impact on the development of skills of nursing students.

The Burnout of Nurses in Intensive Care Units and the Impact of the Pandemic of SARS-CoV-2: Protocol of a Scoping Review.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has brought multiple challenges for health institutions and their professionals. The requirement of this disease forced nurses to confront organizational and clinical challenges to maintain the quality standards of care they provide. These requirements may have contributed to increased burnout symptoms. This study aims to map the scientific evidence related to nurses' burnout in intensive care units. Methods: A scoping review will be conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute methodology. Relevant databases will be used as well as grey literature, where the following words will be used: burnout, nurses, intensive care units and SARS-CoV-2. Results: This scoping review will include all types of studies-quantitative, qualitative and mixed-and all types of reviews that focus on the objective of this review. Conclusions: It is vital to determine the impact of the burnout caused by the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 to assess amending measures of risk and protection factors. This will help in the implementation of guidelines according to the available evidence. Additionally, this will help to improve the skills of these professionals as well as to reduce their emotional and physical exhaustion. This protocol is registered with the Open Science Framework.

Burnout and Nursing Care: A Concept Paper.

Burnout comprises a series of undetermined physical and psychosocial symptoms caused by an excessive energy requirement at work-it is a crisis in relationships with work itself and not necessarily a concern with underlying clinical disorders related to workers. Professions involving human interactions commonly involve emotional engagement, especially when the cared-for person needs assistance and support, as is the primary concern in the nursing profession. To some extent, the acknowledgment of the phenomena of burnout and how it affects people is sometimes addressed from a biomedical perspective. This concept paper aims to describe the burnout concept and reflect on the impact on nurses. Our intention with this reflection, considering the burnout impact on nurses, is to support a paradigm change in the prevention and management of burnout in healthcare contexts, promoting and fostering the well-being of nurses.

Helmet-Noninvasive Ventilation for Hospitalized Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients: Has Vaccination and the New Variants Changed Evidence?

Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a technique for breathing support that significantly improves gas exchange and vital signs, reducing intubation and mortality rates. Helmets, unlike facemasks, allow for longer-term treatment and better ventilation, also being more cost-effective. As of today, we have found no reviews addressing this topic. This review aims to identify, map, and describe the characteristics of the use of noninvasive ventilation through helmet interface in critically ill COVID-19 adult patients hospitalized in acute care settings throughout the multiple moments that defined the COVID-19 pandemic. This scoping review will follow the methodology for scoping reviews proposed by JBI. A set of relevant electronic databases will be searched using terms such as COVID-19, helmet, and noninvasive ventilation. Two reviewers will independently perform the study selection regarding their eligibility. Data extraction will be accomplished using a researcher's developed tool considering the review questions. Findings will be presented in tables and a narrative description that aligns with the review's objective. This scoping review will consider any quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods studies and systematic review designs for inclusion, focusing on the use of helmet on critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 hospitalized in acute care settings.

Monitoring and Management of the Palliative Care Patient Symptoms: A Best Practice Implementation Project.

BACKGROUND: In palliative care, symptoms are multiple and combined, evolving and changing, with a multidimensional character and multifactorial causes, and a high prevalence, negatively influencing the patient's and family's quality of life. Nurses who provide palliative care need to recognize and respond effectively to their patients' symptoms. METHODS: A project will be applied to implement the best practice in monitoring and managing palliative care patients' symptoms. The Joanna Briggs Institute Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (JBI PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) audit and feedback tool will be used. The JBI PACES and GRiP framework for promoting evidence-based healthcare involves three phases of activity. First, a baseline audit. In a second phase, feedback will be given to the project team after the conclusion of the baseline audit report. Then, a third phase will be conducted as a follow-up audit. CONCLUSIONS: This project will improve the practice of the nursing team in monitoring and managing the symptoms of palliative care patients, positively influencing the quality of life of the patient and his family. The implementation and dissemination of this project could boost its replication in other centres.

Nursing focuses and interventions that promote the autonomy of the elderly.

OBJECTIVES: To describe the meaning attributed to the experiences of the clinical experience of specialist nurses in the implementation of nursing care focuses and respective interventions that promote the autonomy of the elderly. METHOD: Qualitative study based on Giorgi's method. Eighteen specialist nurses were interviewed, recruited for convenience in two hospitals in the northern region of Portugal, between March and December 2018. RESULTS: In the clinical experience of specialist nurses, regarding the nursing process, three themes emerged: focuses of nursing care; implementation of nursing interventions and hindering factors. CONCLUSIONS: The specialist nurses, most of whom are rehabilitation specialists, essentially promote the physical capacity of the elderly, within the scope of autonomy, revealing that working conditions, such as lack of time and information systems, are the limiting factor of their promotion.

Changes in Clinical Training for Nursing Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Scoping Review Protocol.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had consequences for social, economic, cultural and educational life, affecting nursing training and practice. To date, no previous scoping reviews addressing this objective have been found. This study aims to map the literature related to changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A scoping review will be carried out according to the Joanna Briggs Institute's latest guidance regarding methodology. A set of relevant electronic databases and grey literature will be searched using terms such as clinical practice, nursing students, COVID-19. Results: This scoping review will consider any type of quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study and systematic review designs for inclusion, focusing on changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion: Pedagogical criteria had to be changed due to the COVID-19 pandemic, especially face-to-face clinical training for nursing students. Identifying the changes in clinical training for nursing students during the COVID-19 pandemic will help educators to understand the potential impact of this specific context and trace possible gaps. This protocol is registered at Open Science Framework.

What Is the Relationship between Lifestyle and Frailty Status? Data from the Portuguese Multicentre Descriptive Study.

This observational and descriptive study attempted, within the scope of the ModulEn Research Project, to determine associations between lifestyle-related variables and frailty involving 160 community-dwelling older adults aged between 65 and 80 years living in the Central Region of Portugal. Forty-three percent of the study participants were pre-frail and 18% were frail. More than 50% of the frail people had slight cognitive decline, and the frailty condition was more frequently observed in women. As the literature highlights, there is potential for greater reversibility in the pre-frailty condition. To contribute to this reversibility, it is necessary to resort to interventions that promote physical activity and cognitive stimulation, apply adequate eating habits, and/or encourage the adoption of an active and socially integrated lifestyle. A healthy lifestyle implies good sleep and eating habits, and correct metabolic control that allows for effective surveillance of dyslipidemia, diabetes, and blood pressure.

Concept of older person autonomy: phenomenological study of the opinion of specialist nurses.

Background: The concept of autonomy is composed of several components, making it a multidimensional concept. This includes cognitive ability, intellectual ability, emotional intelligence, social situation, and physical ability skills. This study aimed to describe the experiences attributed to the meaning of the concept of autonomy, by specialist nurses. Methods: A descriptive phenomenological study was carried out, according to the Giorgi method. Eighteen nurses were recruited at a hospital in Portugal. Data were collected through individual interviews. Results: The 18 specialist nurses work on average as nurses for 16years and are specialist nurses; for an average of 5.9years, most are specialist nurses in rehabilitation nursing. From the data analysis, six themes emerged: ability to do, ability to resolve, decision ability, cognitive ability, social integration, and emotional intelligence. Conclusions: Most professionals perceive the concept as the ability to perform activities of daily living and the ability to make decisions, especially concerning informed consent. It is necessary to raise awareness of the breadth of this concept since the quality of life and dignity of the elderly person depends on autonomy.

Nursing focuses and interventions that promote the autonomy of the elderly / Enfoques e intervenciones de enfermería promotoras de la autonomía del anciano / Focos e intervenções de Enfermagem promotoras da autonomia dos idosos

ABSTRACT Objectives: To describe the meaning attributed to the experiences of the clinical experience of specialist nurses in the implementation of nursing care focuses and respective interventions that promote the autonomy of the elderly. Method: Qualitative study based on Giorgi's method. Eighteen specialist nurses were interviewed, recruited for convenience in two hospitals in the northern region of Portugal, between March and December 2018. Results: In the clinical experience of specialist nurses, regarding the nursing process, three themes emerged: focuses of nursing care; implementation of nursing interventions and hindering factors. Conclusions: The specialist nurses, most of whom are rehabilitation specialists, essentially promote the physical capacity of the elderly, within the scope of autonomy, revealing that working conditions, such as lack of time and information systems, are the limiting factor of their promotion.

RESUMEN Objetivos: Describir el significado atribuido a las vivencias de la experiencia clínica de enfermeros especialistas en la implementación de los enfoques de atención de enfermería y las respectivas intervenciones que promueven la autonomía del anciano. Método: Estudio cualitativo basado en el método de Giorgi. Se entrevistaron dieciocho enfermeras especializadas, reclutadas por conveniencia en dos hospitales de la región norte de Portugal, entre marzo y diciembre de 2018. Resultados: En la experiencia clínica de los enfermeros especialistas, en relación con el proceso de enfermería, surgieron tres temas: focos de atención de enfermería; implementación de intervenciones de enfermería y factores obstaculizadores. Conclusiones: Los enfermeros especialistas, en su mayoría especialistas en rehabilitación, promueven fundamentalmente la capacidad física de las personas mayores, en el ámbito de la autonomía, revelando que las condiciones laborales, como la falta de tiempo y sistemas de información, son el fator limitante para su promoción.

RESUMO Objetivos: Descrever o significado atribuído às vivências da experiência clínica dos enfermeiros especialistas na implementação de focos do cuidado de enfermagem e respetivas intervenções promotoras da autonomia dos idosos. Método: Estudo qualitativo com base no método de Giorgi. Foram entrevistados 18 enfermeiros especialistas, recrutados por conveniência em dois hospitais da região a norte de Portugal, entre março e dezembro de 2018. Resultados: Na experiência clínica dos enfermeiros especialistas, quanto ao processo de enfermagem, emergiram três temas: focos do cuidado de enfermagem; implementação de intervenções de enfermagem e fatores dificultadores. Conclusões: Os enfermeiros especialistas, em sua maioria em reabilitação, promovem essencialmente a capacidade física dos idosos, no âmbito da autonomia, revelando que as condições de trabalho, como a falta de tempo e os sistemas de informação, constituem o fator limitador da sua promoção.

Avoidant Coping of the Decision-Making Process on the Location of Care in Old Age: A Possible Conspiracy of Silence?

The conspiracy of silence is extremely important due to both its high incidence and its consequences. This process usually occurs in situations of palliative care, or death; however, this concept is also mentioned in the literature linked to other contexts. Therefore, our objective was to study whether the conspiracy of silence may be extrapolated to the context of decision-making on the location of care in old age. To this end, we first analyzed the in-depth semi structured qualitative interviews conducted with older people, caregivers, and professionals, about decision-making on the location of care in old age. Subsequently, a comparative analysis was performed between the basic elements of the conspiracy of silence and this decision-making. Our findings revealed an avoidance process developed by all three groups. Furthermore, this decision-making presents similarities with the conspiracy of silence in the process of avoidance coping and denial that is developed. However, there are significant differences, as information is not withheld from the older person, who has an active attitude in the process of avoidance. Decision-making on the location of care in old age does not exactly match the conspiracy of silence process, but it does seem to correspond to a pact of silence.

Nursing practice in the promotion of the elderly's autonomy.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the meaning attributed by specialist nurses to the promotion of the elderly's autonomy. METHOD: This is a phenomenological study, according to Giorgi's method, which uses semi-structured interviews. Eighteen specialist nurses participated, recruited using convenience sampling, in two hospitals in the northern region of Portugal, between March and December 2018. RESULTS: Five themes emerged: use of instruments; use of theoretical framework; nursing diagnoses; prescription of interventions; nursing records. CONCLUSION: Specialist nurses use instruments that essentially promote the elderly's physical capacity, within the scope of autonomy. The information systems used to record the diagnoses and prescriptions for interventions do not reflect the intervention for the person's autonomy. Autonomy in a multidimensional way is not very well developed, despite the recognition of its importance for the elderly's quality of life and dignity.

Does the Aged Simulation Suit help nursing students provide better care? - A phenomenological study.

BACKGROUND: The use of simulation in the training of nurses has increased in the last decades, allowing the acquisition and development of several competencies. OBJECTIVE: Understand the experiences of nursing students who used the aged simulation suit. METHODOLOGY: Qualitative study of a phenomenological nature. The participants were nursing students, who used the aged simulation suit. Data collection was made through the interview, and the data analysis was performed following the Giorgi phenomenological method. RESULTS: Three themes reflect the essence of the experience: Wear the skin of the elderly; Confrontation with their own ageing process; Skills development. CONCLUSION: If, on the one hand, the students who used the aged simulation suit experienced sensory and motor impairment and consequent confrontation with their own ageing process, on the other hand, they experienced the development of scientific, relational and citizenship skills. It is expected that the results of this work will foster the use of the aged simulation suit as a complementary methodology, with potential impact on the quality of care and health gains.