Decoding Deep Learning applications for diagnosis and treatment planning.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning and Deep Learning are playing an increasingly significant role in the medical field in the 21st century. These recent technologies are based on the concept of creating machines that have the potential to function as a human brain. It necessitates the gathering of large quantity of data to be processed. Once processed with AI machines, these data have the potential to streamline and improve the capabilities of the medical field in diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as in the prediction and recognition of diseases. These concepts are new to Orthodontics and are currently limited to image processing and pattern recognition. OBJECTIVE: This article exposes and describes the different methods by which orthodontics may benefit from a more widespread adoption of these technologies.

Interdisciplinary dental management of patient with oligodontia and maxillary hypoplasia: a case report.

BACKGROUND: The craniofacial developmental abnormality can significantly complicate the oral rehabilitation of patients with oligodontia. This case report describes an interdisciplinary approach that took 7 years to successfully treat a young patient with non-syndromic oligodontia and midface deficiency. CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old patient with complex oral and maxillofacial conditions and diagnosis of oligodontia presented to our clinic. In addition to 4 retained deciduous teeth and congenitally missing 10 permanent teeth, dentofacial findings included maxillary and malar deficiency with a concave facial profile, Angle Class III malocclusion, and poor dental esthetics. The interdisciplinary treatment included pre-surgical orthodontic decompensation, high Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy, postsurgical orthodontic therapy, osseous ridge augmentation using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), interim removable partial denture, dental implant installation, interim implant prostheses, and final prosthetic rehabilitation. CONCLUSIONS: The successful treatment of patients with oligodontia and complex dentofacial abnormalities requires the close and orderly collaboration among orthodontist, oral maxillofacial surgeon, and prosthodontist. Within the limitations of this case report, presented interdisciplinary approaches may optimize the oral rehabilitation outcome in patients with similar clinical challenges. A prospective clinical investigation is desired to verify the benefit of presented interdisciplinary approach.

Decoding Deep Learning applications for diagnosis and treatment planning

ABSTRACT Introduction: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning and Deep Learning are playing an increasingly significant role in the medical field in the 21st century. These recent technologies are based on the concept of creating machines that have the potential to function as a human brain. It necessitates the gathering of large quantity of data to be processed. Once processed with AI machines, these data have the potential to streamline and improve the capabilities of the medical field in diagnosis and treatment planning, as well as in the prediction and recognition of diseases. These concepts are new to Orthodontics and are currently limited to image processing and pattern recognition. Objective: This article exposes and describes the different methods by which orthodontics may benefit from a more widespread adoption of these technologies.

RESUMO Introdução: Inteligência Artificial (AI, de Artificial Intelligence), Machine Learning (Aprendizado de máquinas) e Deep Learning (Aprendizado Profundo) possuem um papel significativo e crescente na área médica do século 21. Essas tecnologias recentes são baseadas no conceito de criar máquinas com potencial de funcionar como um cérebro humano. Isso demanda que uma grande quantidade de dados seja reunida para ser processada. Uma vez processados em máquinas com AI, esses dados têm o potencial de agilizar e potencializar as capacidades de diagnóstico e planejamento do tratamento nas áreas médicas, assim como no diagnóstico e prognóstico de doenças. Esses são conceitos novos na Ortodontia, que atualmente são subutilizados, limitando-se ao processamento de imagens e reconhecimento de padrões. Objetivo: O presente artigo expõe e descreve os diferentes métodos pelos quais os ortodontistas podem se beneficiar com o uso mais abrangente dessas tecnologias.

Surgical/Orthodontic Correction of Transverse Maxillary Discrepancies.

The transverse dimension is a critical component of comprehensive treatment in orthognathic surgery. Several treatment approaches exist and the team must consider the patient's needs, desires, and limitations when working to correct the malocclusion. Treatment approaches may include only orthodontic expansion or rapid palatal orthodontic expansion; however, in adults, the orthodontist may require surgical assistance to expand the bony maxilla. Segmental maxillary expansion may be indicated in severe transverse deficiencies of the maxillary arch or dentofacial deformity patients also requiring vertical and sagittal corrections. The various treatment options, advantages, and disadvantages, and indications for each surgical approach are discussed.

Treatment of a patient with multiple impacted teeth.

An impacted or missing permanent tooth can add significant complications to an otherwise straightforward case. When multiple impacted teeth are present, the case complexity increases further. Developing a treatment sequence, determining appropriate anchorage, and planning and executing sound biomechanics can be a challenge. The following case report illustrates a patient reportedly diagnosed with mild scleroderma as an adolescent. He presented for orthodontic treatment as an adult with multiple retained primary teeth and multiple impacted teeth. Diagnosis, treatment planning, and various methods of managing guided eruption of impacted teeth will be discussed. Following orthodontic treatment that required extraction of multiple primary and permanent teeth as well as exposure and ligation of multiple permanent teeth by an oral surgeon, the patient finished with a significantly improved functional and esthetic result.