Recommendations for the design of video-based educational interventions as instructional tools in robotic surgical training.

Video-based instructional tools are an important emerging component of robotic surgical education. However, there is a paucity of literature on the structure of video as an instructional tool in robotic surgery. This paper reviews the literature on video-based instructional tools and provides a series of recommendations for the structure of a video- based training tool in robotic surgery. Key educational aspects to consider in designing a video training tool are student engagement, content validity, cognitive load, and active learning. Key recommendations for structure of instructional videos are that videos should be short, presented in modular blocks with appropriate narration and engagement strategies.