[Franco Basaglia and the Italian mental health act: a law aimed to restore the rights of citizenship.] / Franco Basaglia e la riforma psichiatrica: una legge per i diritti.

The psychiatric reform act passed in Italy in 1978 - which was born in the wake of Franco Basaglia's work - had among its main aims the restoration of dignity and rights to people suffering from mental disorders and the closure of asylums and other totalizing institutions. On the centenary of Basaglia's birth, we must reason on the state of social and health care not only in the field of mental health. In fact, the rights of women seeking for abortion, the rights of the LGBTQIA+ community, the prison population, and migrants are also on the take. If the one led by Franco Basaglia in Italy was a revolution, it cannot be said to have been accomplished until the rights of citizenship are restored to all the people to whom these same rights are not recognized.

[Online medical libraries: how do they impact on care?] / Biblioteche mediche online: che impatto hanno sull'assistenza?

The presence of librarians or documentalists with expertise in scientific literature in the healthcare team has positive effects on patient care and can also make clinical decision-making more appropriate and efficient. Virtuous experiences are not lacking also in Italy. These include the Virtual Library for Health - Piedmont and the Alessandro Liberati Library of the Department of Epidemiology of the Lazio Health Service. These experiences confirm the importance of the role of online medical libraries in improving the quality of care. They offer a very welcome service to healthcare personnel, who are aware of the positive impact of competent support for the selection and evaluation of literature, useful for clinical choices at the patient's bedside.

[Accept mistakes to beat them on time.] / Accettare gli errori per batterli sul tempo.

The report "To err is human" by the American Institute of Medicine changed the way adverse events resulting from health care are viewed. A problem no longer linked to the single individual, but to the health system as a whole. Since then efforts to identify effective strategies to reduce the number of adverse events became a national priority. A risk culture linked to the concept of anticipation of the events has developed, several steps forward have been made from a regulatory point of view and a discussion about how technology can support professionals in preventing errors has started. However, it is necessary to continue talking about it to increase awareness by involving citizens as well.

To observe the observations on observational research: how do Italian online media report about a contemporary mainstream observational study?

BACKGROUND: The media's key role in conveying health information to the public is not always supported by the quality of the reporting. Despite findings from observational studies (OSs) represent a substantial proportion of media health news, limitations of OSs are often overlooked in medical journals' abstracts, in press releases, and in associated news stories. The objective of this analysis is to investigate how Italian online news media report on a contemporary OS published in a major medical journal and dealing with a topic of widespread interest. METHODS: The OS was published in Nature Medicine (Nat Med) in February 2022. It is a large retrospective cohort study aimed at characterizing the post-acute cardiovascular manifestations of covid-19. We collected Italian online news articles covering the Nat Med study that were released in the first two weeks after study publication. Based on resources focused on evaluation and proper reporting of OSs, we identified five thematic categories to be employed as a minimal reference standard to address the quality of reporting of the Nat Med study. Namely: 1) causality, 2) fear mongering, 3) spin, 4) actionability and 5) critical evaluation. Then, we defined a 13-item checklist aimed at exploring the existence of issues within each of the online news article with regard to the five thematic categories above. Outcome was the percentage of news articles covering the NM study showing issues with each of the five thematic categories. RESULTS: After checking for inclusion and exclusion criteria, we collected 30 news articles. Global inter-rater agreement related to the checklist completion by 4 raters was substantial. An issue with causality was identified in 30 articles out of 30 (100%). An issue with fear mongering was identified in 25 (83.3%) of the 30 articles, and an issue with spin in 21 (75%) of the 28 articles. Furthermore, an issue with actionability and critical evaluation was identified in 16 (53.3%) and 26 (86.7%) of the 30 articles, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis of Italian online news media reporting about a contemporary OS published in a major medical journal and dealing with a topic of high public interest has shown that most news articles fail to properly report on the study's findings.

[Biosimilar medicines: OsMed reports on monitoring consumption and spending in Italy.] / Farmaci biosimilari: i rapporti OsMed sul monitoraggio dei consumi e della spesa in Italia.

The results of the OsMed reports of the Italian Medicines Agency (AIFA) on consumption and expenditure related to biosimilar medicines show a high heterogeneity at the regional level, with great differences in terms of both consumption and price. In light of the potential savings and the growing number of biological medicines whose patents have expired or are about to expire, it is therefore desirable that the regions with the lowest levels of consumption take action to increase the awareness of health professionals on efficacy and safety of such treatments and the potential advantages in terms of sustainability of the national health system.

[The updating of the hospital pharmacist. Orient yourself in a sea of information and knowledge.] / L'aggiornamento del farmacista ospedaliero. Orientarsi in un mare di informazioni e conoscenze.

The output of medical and scientific literature is on the rise and the health emergency caused by the covid-19 pandemic has led to a further growth in the number of articles published each year in International medical journals. Finding your way around this ocean of information is very difficult: the critical evaluation of scientific documentation requires time and specific skills, which are not easy to acquire. In addition to doctors and nurses, hospital and clinical pharmacists also struggle to keep up to date. Also for this reason, many institutions and various players in the publishing arena are developing tools that enable health personnel to access the best scientific knowledge, minimizing the risk inherent in the individually performed evaluation of evidence. In any case, it is essential to reconsider and update the methods of continuous education of the hospital pharmacist, also considering the changes that have taken place in his role, now integrated into the clinical teams together with the other professionals who guarantee health care.