Use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in children with burn injury: Case report and literature review.

RATIONALE: Burns are one of the most debilitating injuries in the world and one of the major causes of accidental disability and death among children. Severe burns can result in irreversible brain damage, placing patients at high risk of brain failure and high mortality. Therefore, timely diagnosis and treatment of burn encephalopathy are crucial for improving prognosis. In recent years, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been increasingly used to improve the prognosis of patients with burns. Here, we report a case of ECMO treatment in a child with burns and review the relevant literature. PATIENT CONCERNS: A 7-year-old boy with a modified Baux score of 24 presented with asphyxia, loss of consciousness, refractory hypoxemia, and malignant arrhythmia after smoke inhalation for 1 day. Fiberoptic bronchoscopy revealed a large amount of black carbon-like substances aspirated from the trachea. DIAGNOSES: Considering that the boy inhaled a large amount of smoke, the clinical manifestation was unclear consciousness, laboratory examination revealed continuous low blood oxygen saturation, and bronchoscopy revealed a large amount of black carbon-like substances in the trachea, thereby leading to the diagnosis of asphyxia, inhalation pneumonia, burn encephalopathy, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and malignant arrhythmia. In addition, pulmonary edema and carbon monoxide poisoning are caused by chemical agents, gas fumes, and vapors. INTERVENTIONS: The boy's blood oxygen saturation and blood circulation remained unstable despite various ventilation methods and medications, thus we decided to use ECMO. After 8 days of ECMO support, the patient was successfully weaned from the machine. OUTCOMES: Under the application of ECMO, the respiratory and circulatory systems significantly improved. Nevertheless, due to the progressive brain injury caused by burns and the poor prognosis, the parents ceased all treatment and the boy passed away. LESSONS: This case report demonstrates that brain edema and herniation can arise as phenotypes of burn encephalopathy, which is a challenge to treat in children. Children with confirmed or suspected burn encephalopathy should undergo diagnostic tests completed as soon as possible to confirm the diagnosis. After receiving ECMO treatment, the respiratory and circulatory systems of the burn victims reported significantly improved. Hence, ECMO is a viable alternative for supporting patients with burns.

Hsa_circ_0088233 Alleviates Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion of Prostate Cancer by Targeting hsa-miR-185-3p.

Prostate cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the urinary system. The mechanisms of the initiation and progression of prostate cancer have not been fully elucidated. Increasing evidence suggests that circular RNAs (circRNAs) are involved in cancer pathogenesis. In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed circRNAs in prostate cancer tissues and explored the role of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer. By screening a circRNA microarray assay, we found that circ_0088233 was upregulated in prostate cancer tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, and this upregulation can be verified in 46 pairs of prostate cancer and adjacent normal tissues examined using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. The level of circ_0088233 correlated with the TNM stage. Knockdown of circ_0088233 reduced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. In addition, miR-185-3p was identified as the downstream target of circ_0088233 using luciferase reporter assays and a biotinylated circ_0088233 probe pull-down assay. The miR-185-3p level showed a negative correlation with the circ_0088233 level in prostate cancer tissues. Overexpression of circ_0088233 blocked the effects of miR-185-3p on cell proliferation, migration, invasion, cell cycle, and apoptosis. In conclusion, circ_0088233 may function as an oncogene and play an oncogenic role by sponging hsa-miR-185-3p. This study increases the understanding of circRNAs in the progression of prostate cancer. These results implicate circ_0088233 as a potential therapeutic target for prostate cancer.