The preliminary data of gene expressions and bioinformatics analysis of miR-146b-5p and miR-4510 in the Turkish population in HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background and Aim: It is reported that miRNAs play an important role in hepatocellular carcinogenesis and may serve as non-invasive biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MiR-4510 and miR-146b-5p expression levels have been found to be associated with HCC. However, their associations with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related HCC (HBV-HCC) are yet to be explored. We aimed to assess the predictive value of expression levels of serum miR-4510 and miR-146b-5p in patients with HBV-HCC and performed bioinformatics analyses based on the miRNA expression profile. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study used the serum of 16 patients with Chronic Hepatitis B (CHB), 15 hepatitis B virus-related cirrhosis (HBV-cirrhosis), 15 HBV-HCC, and 16 healthy subjects. The total RNA was isolated from serum, and the expression of miRNAs was measured by qRT-PCR, calculated using the 2-ΔΔCt methods. MIENTURNET was used to predict miRNA-target gene interactions. The Network Analyst was used to build protein-protein interactions. Results: There was a significant difference in miR-146b-5p between study groups (p=0.009). MiR-146b-5p expression was found to be significantly reduced in HBV-HCC compared to the HBV-cirrhosis group and healthy controls (p=0.005 and p=0.006, respectively). Conclusion: The serum miR-146b-5p levels might be a promising tool to be used as a non-invasive diagnostic biomarker for HCC. Our findings shed light on potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of HBV-HCC in terms of selected miRNAs. The target pathways of miR-146b-5p identified by our in-silico analysis to reveal the functional mechanism are "MAPK signaling pathways" and "Pathways in cancer."

The efficacy and tolerability of glecaprevir/pibrentasvir treatment in a real-world chronic hepatitis C patients cohort.

Background and Aim: The aims of the present study were to evaluate the real-life efficacy and tolerability of glecaprevir (GLE)/pibrentasvir (PIB) in the treatment of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC). Materials and Methods: Between May 2019 and May 2022, 686 patients with CHC, treated with GLE/PIB combination from 21 participating centers in Turkiye, were enrolled in the study. Results: All patients were Caucasian, and their median age was 56 years. At the start of GLE/PIB treatment, the median serum Hepatitis C virus RNA and serum alanine amino transaminase (ALT) levels were 6.74 log10 IU/mL and 47 U/L, respectively. Fifty-three percent of the patients were infected with genotype 1b, followed by genotype 3 (17%). Diabetes was the more common concomitant disease. The sustained virological response (SVR12) was 91.4% with intent-to-treat analysis and 98.5% with per protocol analysis. The SVR12 rates were statistically significant differences between the patients who were i.v. drug users and non-user (88.0% vs. 98.8%, p=0.025). From the baseline to SVR12, the serum ALT levels and Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score were significantly improved (p<0.001 and p=0.014, respectively). No severe adverse effect was observed. Conclusion: GLE/PIB is an effective and tolerable treatment in patients with CHC.

Radiological Quantification of Sarcopenic Obesity and its Role in Chronic Liver Disease Severity.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To define sarcopenic obesity (SaO) among chronic liver disease (CLD) patients via CT and MRI, and assess its impact on liver disease severity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: CLD patients referred from the Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department diagnosed as chronic hepatitis B (N:101), cirrhosis (N:110), and hepatocellular carcinoma (N:169) with available information on body height, weight, Child-Pugh and MELD scores within 2 weeks of CT or MRI scanning were included in the study. Cross-sectional examinations were retrospectively evaluated for skeletal muscle index (SMI) and visceral adipose tissue area (VATA). The disease severity was assessed by Child-Pugh and MELD scoring. RESULTS: The rate of sarcopenia and SaO in the cirrhotic patients was higher than that in the chronic hepatitis B patients (p <0.033 and p < 0.004, respectively). The rate of sarcopenia and SaO in HCC patients was higher than that in the chronic hepatitis B patients (p <0.001 and p <0.001, respectively). Sarcopenic patients in Chronic hepatitis B, cirrhotic, and HCC groups had higher MELD scores than nonsarcopenic patients (p <0.035, p <0.023, and p <0.024, respectively). Despite finding a similar increase in Child-Pugh scores in cirrhotic and HCC sarcopenic patients, results were statistically insignificant (p <0.597 and p <0.688). HCC patients with SaO had higher MELD scores than patients with other body composition catagories (p <0.006). Cirrhotic patients with SaO had higher MELD scores than nonsarcopenic obese patients (p <0.049). Chronic hepatitis B patients with obesity had low MELD scores (p <0.035). Cirrhotic and HCC patients with obesity had higher MELD scores (p <0.01 and p <0.024, respectively). Cirrhotic and HCC patients with obesity had higher Child-Pugh scores than nonobese patients but only HCC patients showed statistically significance (p <0.480 and p <0.001). CONCLUSION: Radiologic evaluation of SaO and harmonizing body composition with MELD scoring is critical in CLD management.

Characteristics of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A multicenter study.

Background and Aim: The aim of the present study was to examine the etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by underlying cause and determine the characteristics and clinical features of patients with HCC. Materials and Methods: The study comprised 1802 HCC patients diagnosed and followed up by Liver Diseases Outpatient Clinics in 14 tertiary centers in Turkey between 2001 and 2020. Results: The mean age was 62.3±10.7 years, and 78% of them were males. Of the patients, 82% had cirrhosis. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection was the most common etiology (54%), followed by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection (19%) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (10%). Of the patients, 56% had a single lesion. Macrovascular invasion and extrahepatic spread were present in 15% and 12% of the patients, respectively. The median serum alpha-fetoprotein level was 25.4 ng/mL. In total, 39% of the patients fulfilled the Milan Criteria. When we compared the characteristics of patients diagnosed before and after January 2016, the proportion of NAFLD-related HCC cases increased after 2016, from 6.6% to 13.4%. Conclusion: Chronic HBV and HCV infections remain the main causes of HCC in Turkey. The importance of NAFLD as a cause of HCC is increasing.