A panel of platelet-associated circulating long non-coding RNAs as potential biomarkers for colorectal cancer.

Evidence has suggested the potential of tumor-educated platelets as a biomarker trove for cancer diagnostics, but the difficulty in isolation limits its application. Since most of the circulating RNAs are derived from platelets, the change of RNA profile in platelets may lead to altered RNA expression in serum. Here, we identified a panel of platelet-associated long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and evaluated its diagnostic capacity in serum of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. Four lncRNAs, LNCAROD, SNHG20, LINC00534, and TSPOAP-AS1, were upregulated in both platelets and serum of CRC patients. A binary logistic model derived from them has validated area under roc curve of 0.78 indicating great performance. Furthermore, the expression levels of LNCAROD and TSPOAP-AS1 were correlated with cancer staging and tumor location. Together, our results add novel lncRNA biomarkers to the list of blood tests for CRC diagnostics and provide molecular evidence for the cross-talk between CRC platelets and serum.

Gender differences in the relationships between different types of childhood trauma and resilience on depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents.

Growing studies have paid attention to the relationships between childhood trauma, resilience and depressive symptoms. Depression is more common in girls, while gender differences in these associations have been rarely studied. Yet the study will be beneficial for prevention and intervention of depression in adolescents. The aim of this study is to examine gender differences in the effects of different types of childhood trauma and resilience on depressive symptoms. Data was collected from 6510 students (3408 males, aged 10-17 years) in Wuhan, Hubei, China from 2015 to 2016. Participants completed a self-report questionnaire assessing childhood trauma, resilience, and depressive symptoms. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine gender differences in the relationships between childhood trauma, resilience and depressive symptoms. We found that childhood trauma was positively related to depressive symptoms for both genders, but the relationship in females was stronger than in males. No significant gender difference was found in the independent effect of resilience to depressive symptoms. Resilience moderated the effects of emotional abuse, physical abuse and sexual abuse on depressive symptoms in both males and females. However, the interaction effect of resilience with emotional abuse on depressive symptoms was stronger in females compared to males. Our findings revealed gender differences in the links between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms among adolescents, and the interaction effect of resilience and childhood emotional abuse on depressive symptoms was gender-specific. These provide the basis for gender-special prevention and intervention measures for depressive symptoms in adolescents.

Effects of polygenic risk score, childhood trauma and resilience on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents in a three-year cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Polygenic risk score (PRS) is a method of revealing multiple genes effect. The study of PRS and childhood trauma (CT) and resilience on adolescent depressive symptoms are fewer reported, especially the functional mechanism of resilience among them. METHODS: 718 Chinese adolescents aged 10-14 years were surveyed including CT, resilience, depressive symptoms, and phenotype data in three years of the cohort study. PRS was calculated by the weighted accumulation effects of alleles on depressive symptoms. Their relationships were analyzed by the mediation and moderation models. RESULTS: PRS and CT were risk factors for depressive symptoms. Interaction (PRS × CT) on depressive symptoms had no statistical significance. Resilience acted as the protective mediator from CT (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical neglect) to depressive symptoms and moderator from CT (emotional abuse) to depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS: The sample size was a little small so that the inference were drawn prudently. Except gene data, other were collected by self-reported questionnaire instruments which inevitably brought recall bias. CONCLUSIONS: PRS and CT could have adverse impact on depressive symptoms, resilience could alleviate these risk effects as a moderator and a mediator. The findings have important implications for prevention and intervention in adolescent depressive symptoms.

[Relationships among personality traits, resilience and depressive symptoms of students in Wuhan City].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationships among personality traits, resilience and depressive symptoms of primary and high school students. METHODS: Totally 6019 students aged 10-17 from 5 primary schools(grades 5-6), 3 junior middle schools(grades 7-9) and 2 senior high schools(grade 1) years were selected by cluster sampling in Wuhan, from September 2015 to January 2016. Among them, there were 2420 primary school students, 2912 junior high school students and 687 senior high school students. In addition, 3071 students were male, 2948 students were female. Participants were asked to complete self-report questionnaires, including demographic characteristic questionnaire, the center for epidemiological studies depression scale(CES-D), the connor davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC) and the NEO-five factor inventory(NEO-FFI). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influence factors of depressive symptoms in primary and high school students. RESULTS: The detection rate of depressive symptoms was 10. 5%(635/6019). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for grade and family history of depression, neuroticism(OR=4. 53, 95% CI 3. 88-5. 28) and openness(OR=1. 33, 95% CI 1. 18-1. 50) were positively associated with depressive symptoms. But the higher level of extraversion(OR=0. 70, 95% CI 0. 62-0. 79) and conscientiousness(OR=0. 77, 95% CI 0. 67-0. 90) and resilience(OR=0. 77, 95% CI 0. 67-0. 88) were associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms in primary and high school students. CONCLUSION: Neuroticism and openness might be positively correlated with, whereas extraversion, conscientiousness and resilience might be negatively correlated with the onsets of depressive symptoms in primary and secondary school students. Thus, developing adaptive personality and improving resilience would contribute to the prevention and intervention of depression in primary and high school students.

Interaction between FKBP5 polymorphisms and childhood trauma on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents: The moderating role of resilience.

BACKGROUND: Previous gene-environment studies on depression have examined the interaction between FKBP5 gene and childhood trauma, but the results are inconsistent and few studies have focused on Asian adolescents. Psychological resilience may explain for the inconsistency. We examined the interaction between FKBP5 gene and childhood trauma on depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents, and firstly explored the moderating role of resilience in the relationship. METHODS: This study comprised 942 participants (448 males, 47.6%) randomly recruited from four senior schools in Wuhan, Hubei of China. Depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and resilience were respectively evaluated by the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Three potentially functional FKBP5 polymorphisms were selected for genotyping. RESULTS: Participants carrying minor alleles of FKBP5 polymorphisms (rs3800373, rs1360780, and rs4713916) and a haplotype derived from these variants displayed higher CES-D scores when exposed to childhood physical abuse after adjusting for demographic characteristics and resilience (all P < 0.01). The three-way interactions of FKBP5 SNPs, physical abuse, and resilience on depressive symptoms all yielded statistical significance after adjusting for demographic characteristics (ß = -0.282 to -0.236; all P < 0.001). LIMITATIONS: Cross-sectional design, self- reported measurements and limited genotyped FKBP5 polymorphisms. CONCLUSION: FKBP5 variants in combination with childhood physical abuse may increase more pronounced depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents, while resilience plays a moderating role in the associations. Future research to examine the exact mechanism of resilience in these associations is needed.

Personality traits and depressive symptoms: The moderating and mediating effects of resilience in Chinese adolescents.

BACKGROUND: Various studies showed that personality traits and resilience might have impacts on depressive symptoms, separately. However, the relationships among personality traits, resilience and depressive symptoms are still undefined. Thus, this study tried to explore the potential effect of resilience on the associations between personality traits and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents. METHODS: Adolescents (n = 6019) aged 10-17 years were recruited from nine schools in Wuhan, China. Depressive symptoms, personality traits, and resilience were evaluated by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale (CES-D), the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), respectively. RESULTS: Neuroticism was positively associated with depressive symptoms, whereas extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness were negatively associated with depressive symptoms. Resilience separately moderated the associations of neuroticism, extraversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness with depressive symptoms, and partly mediated the associations of all five personality traits with depressive symptoms. LIMITATIONS: This study is a cross sectional study and cannot ascertain the causal relationships between the variables. Also self-reported questionnaire instruments were used in the data collection. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggested that resilience might play moderating and mediating roles in the associations of personality traits with depressive symptoms, and prompted that it was critical to improve resilience and develop adaptive personality traits in the prevention and intervention of depression in adolescents.

[Childhood trauma and its correlation with resilience among primary and middle school students in Wuhan city in 2015].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of early trauma and resilience among adolescents in Wuhan, and explore the relationship between early trauma and resilience. METHODS: Totally 4871 students aged 10-16 years were chosen by cluster sampling in Wuhan city from September to October 2015. All subjects completed self-report questionnaires, including general information, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire( CTQ), and the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale( CD-RISC). RESULTS: The mean score of CD-RISC of the total sample was( 64. 70 ± 18. 34). Statistical significance in different gender( t = 5. 373, P<0. 001), age( F = 49. 401, P<0. 001), single child( t = 3. 529, P<0. 001), levels of mother's education( F = 36. 129, P< 0. 001), relationship between parents( F = 89. 831, P < 0. 001), family economic status( F = 36. 547, P<0. 001). The rate of early trauma was 30. 1%. Male( χ~2= 42. 272, P < 0. 001), lower levels of mother 's education( χ~2= 44. 345, P < 0. 001), poorer relationship between parents( χ~2= 133. 045, P < 0. 001), and worse family economic status( χ~2= 31. 231, P<0. 001) were associated with increased risk of early trauma. The scores of emotional abuse, physical abuse, sexual abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect were negatively correlated with the scores of CD-RISC( r followed by-0. 256, -0. 107, -0. 053, -0. 355 and-0. 308, P<0. 01). Regression analysis implied female, older age, emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect( B followed by-0. 156, -0. 117, -0. 109, -0. 214 and-0. 149, P < 0. 01) of primary and middle school students assumed predictive resilience. CONCLUSION: Emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and physical neglect are negatively associated with resilience among children and adolescent. The result suggest that reducing emotional abuse, emotional neglect and physical neglect experience may contribute to child resilience.

Personality traits as possible mediators in the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.

Childhood trauma has been found to be a critical risk factor for depression in adolescents. Personality traits have been linked with mental health. However, the relationship between childhood trauma, personality traits, and depressive symptoms in adolescents is largely unclear. This study tried to examine the mediating effect of personality traits between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms among adolescents. Meanwhile, the possible bidirectional association between personality traits and depression was considered in the study. A group of community-based adolescents aged 10-17 years (N = 5793) were recruited from nine schools in Wuhan city, China. The participants completed self-report questionnaires, including the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Results showed that childhood trauma experiences were positively related with depressive symptoms and neuroticism, and negatively related with extraversion and conscientiousness; depressive symptoms were related with high neuroticism, low extraversion, and conscientiousness. Neuroticism and extraversion partially mediated the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms. And 'childhood trauma-personality traits-depression' models showed better property than the alternative models of 'childhood trauma-depression-personality traits'. The current study provides preliminary evidence for mediation roles of neuroticism and extraversion in the effect of childhood trauma to depressive symptoms in adolescents. These findings may contribute to better prevention and interventions for depressive symptoms among adolescents with childhood trauma via personality traits improvement.

Moderating and mediating effects of resilience between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms in Chinese children.

BACKGROUND: Childhood trauma has been regarded as a risk factor for adolescent depression. Resilience has been found to be a protective factor for adolescent mental health. However, it is not clear about the role of resilience in the relationship between childhood trauma and depression. METHODS: School attending adolescents (n=6406) aged 9-17 years were drawn from five primary schools, three middle schools and two high schools in Wuhan city of China in 2015. The participants were invited to complete self-report questionnaires, including demographics, childhood trauma, resilience and depressive symptoms. RESULTS: Resilience played a partially mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms. Resilience also moderated the association of childhood trauma with depressive symptoms. LIMITATION: The limitations of this study include cross-sectional study and self- reported instruments. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that resilience may play an important role in the relationship between childhood trauma and depressive symptoms. Our results suggest that enhancing resilience may provide new possibilities for prevention and intervention of depression in adolescents.

Higher direct bilirubin levels during mid-pregnancy are associated with lower risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.

Bilirubin concentrations have been recently reported to be negatively associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. We examined the association between bilirubin concentrations and gestational diabetes mellitus. In a prospective cohort study, 2969 pregnant women were recruited prior to 16 weeks of gestation and were followed up until delivery. The value of bilirubin was tested and oral glucose tolerance test was conducted to screen gestational diabetes mellitus. The relationship between serum bilirubin concentration and gestational weeks was studied by two-piecewise linear regression. A subsample of 1135 participants with serum bilirubin test during 16-18 weeks gestation was conducted to research the association between serum bilirubin levels and risk of gestational diabetes mellitus by logistic regression. Gestational diabetes mellitus developed in 8.5 % of the participants (223 of 2969). Two-piecewise linear regression analyses demonstrated that the levels of bilirubin decreased with gestational week up to the turning point 23 and after that point, levels of bilirubin were increased slightly. In multiple logistic regression analysis, the relative risk of developing gestational diabetes mellitus was lower in the highest tertile of direct bilirubin than that in the lowest tertile (RR 0.60; 95 % CI, 0.35-0.89). The results suggested that women with higher serum direct bilirubin levels during the second trimester of pregnancy have lower risk for development of gestational diabetes mellitus.