Construction of early warning classification of risk in bladder spasm and its intervention plans guided by the rate adjustment card of continuous bladder irrigation after transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP): development and usability study.

Background: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is the most common benign disease causing voiding dysfunction in middle-aged and elderly men. the current "gold standard" for surgical treatment is transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) is routinely given for 3 to 5 days after operation. However, this may induce bladder spasm. Bladder spasm not only brings physical and mental pain to patients, delaying the postoperative recovery process, but it also increases the medical economic burden. Therefore, it is important to take active measures to effectively warn and deal with bladder spasm. The color of the drainage fluid is an important indicator and requires close observation during CBI, as it can reflect real-time postoperative bleeding. When the color of drainage fluid is abnormal, effective measures should be undertaken. Grading nursing intervention divides patients into different conditions according to their possible changes, and then recommends targeted nursing intervention. Existing studies have formulated CBI programs from the perspective of quantifying the relationship between drainage fluid color and irrigation speed, but have yet to incorporate bladder spasm prevention and control levels or design corresponding grading nursing intervention programs according to different drainage fluid colors. This study aimed to construct the risk warning classification and intervention plan of bladder spasm under the guidance of CBI speed adjusting card after TURP. Methods: Based on the rate adjustment card of CBI after TURP, we formulated the first draft of an early warning classification of risk in bladder spasm and its intervention plans by combining methods suggested from a literature search with semi-structured interviews and results from 2 rounds of correspondence inquiries with 28 experts by the Delphi method. We further screened and revised grading standards and measures. Results: The positive coefficients of experts in 2 rounds of correspondence inquiries were both 100%, the authority coefficients were both 0.952, and the Kendall harmony coefficients were 0.238 and 0.326, respectively (P<0.01). In the second round of correspondence inquiries, the coefficient of variation of expert opinions was 0.000-0.154, and the coefficient of variation of all items was <0.25. Finally, a 3-level risk warning classification standard and 23 nursing measures for CBI complicated by bladder spasm was constructed. Conclusions: The early warning classification of risk in bladder spasm and its intervention plans guided by rate adjustment card of CBI after TURP are scientific and feasible, and can provide a basis and guidance for effective and standardized CBI in patients after TURP.

Mapping network connectivity between internet addiction and residual depressive symptoms in patients with depression.

Background and aims: Depression often triggers addictive behaviors such as Internet addiction. In this network analysis study, we assessed the association between Internet addiction and residual depressive symptoms in patients suffering from clinically stable recurrent depressive disorder (depression hereafter). Materials and methods: In total, 1,267 depressed patients were included. Internet addiction and residual depressive symptoms were measured using the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the two-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-2), respectively. Central symptoms and bridge symptoms were identified via centrality indices. Network stability was examined using the case-dropping procedure. Results: The prevalence of IA within this sample was 27.2% (95% CI: 24.7-29.6%) based on the IAT cutoff of 50. IAT15 ("Preoccupation with the Internet"), IAT13 ("Snap or act annoyed if bothered without being online") and IAT2 ("Neglect chores to spend more time online") were the most central nodes in the network model. Additionally, bridge symptoms included the node PHQ1 ("Anhedonia"), followed by PHQ2 ("Sad mood") and IAT3 ("Prefer the excitement online to the time with others"). There was no gender difference in the network structure. Conclusion: Both key central and bridge symptoms found in the network analysis could be potentially targeted in prevention and treatment for depressed patients with comorbid Internet addiction and residual depressive symptoms.

Suicidality in clinically stable bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a disproportionate impact on vulnerable subpopulations, including those with severe mental illness (SMI). This study examined the one-year prevalence of suicidal ideation (SI), suicide plans (SP), and suicide attempts (SA) in bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) patients during the pandemic. Prevalence rates were compared between the two disorders and associated factors were examined. A survey was conducted in six tertiary psychiatric hospitals and psychiatric units. People with a diagnosis of BD or SCZ were invited to participate. SI, SP, and SA (suicidality for short) were assessed and associated factors were examined using binary logistical regression. The 1-year prevalence of SI, SP and SA in BD patients were 58.3%, (95% CI: 54.1-62.6%), 38.4% (95% CI: 34.3-42.6%) and 38.6% (95% CI: 34.5-42.8%), respectively, which were higher than the corresponding figures in SCZ patients (SI: 33.2%, 95% CI: 28.6-37.8%; SP: 16.8%, 95% CI: 13.2-20.5%; SA: 19.4%, 95% CI: 15.5-23.3%). Patients with younger age, experience of cyberbullying, a history of SA among family or friends, a higher fatigue and physical pain score, inpatient status, and severe depressive symptoms were more likely to have suicidality. The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased risk of suicidality, particularly in BD patients. It is of importance to regularly screen suicidality in BD and SCZ patients during the pandemic even if they are clinically stable.

Internet addiction and its association with quality of life in patients with major depressive disorder: a network perspective.

Depressive disorders and internet addiction (IA) are often comorbid. The aims of this study were to examine the network structure of IA in patients with major depressive disorders (MDD) and explore the association between IA and quality of life (QoL) in this population. This was a multicenter, cross-sectional survey. IA and QoL were assessed with the Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief version, respectively. Node expected influence (EI) was used to identify central symptoms in the network model, while the flow network of QoL was generated to examine its association with IA. A total of 1,657 patients with MDD was included. "Preoccupation with the Internet," "Job performance or productivity suffer because of the Internet," and "Neglect chores to spend more time online" were central symptoms. The symptom "Form new relationships with online users" had the strongest direct positive relation with QoL, while "Spend more time online over going out with others" and "Job performance or productivity suffer because of the Internet" had the strongest direct negative relations with QoL. Neglecting work caused by IA correlated with QoL, while making friends online appropriately was related to better QoL among MDD patients. Appropriate interventions targeting the central symptoms may potentially prevent or reduce the risk of IA in MDD patients.

Prevalence of suicidality in clinically stable patients with major depressive disorder during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic is associated with an increased risk of mental health problems including suicide in many subpopulations, but its influence on stable patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) has been studied fleetingly. This study examined the one-year prevalence of suicidality including suicidal ideation (SI), suicide plans (SP), and suicide attempts (SA) as well as their correlates in clinically stable MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A cross-sectional, observational study was conducted between October 1, 2020, and October 15, 2021, in six tertiary psychiatric hospitals. Socio-demographic information, clinical data and one-year prevalence of suicidality were recorded. RESULTS: Altogether, 1718 participants who met the eligibility criteria were included. The overall one-year prevalence of suicidality during the COVID-19 pandemic was 68.04% (95% confidence intervals (CI) =65.84-70.25%), with one-year SI prevalence of 66.4% (95%CI = 64.18-68.65%), SP prevalence of 36.26% (95%CI = 33.99-38.54%), and SA prevalence of 39.35% (95%CI = 37.04-41.66%). Binary logistic regression analyses revealed male gender, married marital status, college education level and above and age were negatively associated with risk of suicidality. Urban residence, unemployed work status, experiences of cyberbullying, a history of suicide among family members or friends, and more severe fatigue, physical pain, and residual depressive symptoms were positively associated with risk of suicidality. CONCLUSIONS: Suicidality is common among clinically stable MDD patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Regular suicide screening and preventive measures should be provided to clinically stable MDD patients during the pandemic.

Construction of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for patients undergoing laparoscopic radical prostatectomy.

Background: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) is the standard treatment for early localized PCa, of which urinary incontinence is the most common postoperative complication. Pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training is recognized as the first line of intervention measures, but the existing rehabilitation training programs are not clear in the formulation process, the content is not unified, and the clinical operability is not strong. In order to better guide clinical pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training after LRP and prevent and control urinary incontinence, this study constructed a pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients. Methods: Literature analysis, qualitative interview, and an expert group meeting method were used to form the draft of pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients. On this basis, after 2 rounds of Delphi expert consultation, the research team modified and improved the program. Results: The consultation experts involved in the 2 rounds were the same, 15 questionnaires were sent out, and 15 were recovered with an effective recovery of 100%. The expert authority coefficient was 0.87. In the second round of consultation, Kendall's harmony coefficient was 0.14 (P<0.001), the mean coefficient of variation of expert opinion was 0.07 (P<0.001), and the mean value of importance assigned to each item was 4.53-5.00 points. Finally, the pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRR patients was formed. Including rehabilitation training evaluation, rehabilitation training advanced time and content, rehabilitation training form of three first-level indicators, 12 second-level indicators, 53 third-level indicators. Conclusions: The pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training program for LRP patients developed in this study is scientific, reliable, safe and feasible, which can provide reference for clinical pelvic floor muscle rehabilitation training after LRP and prevention and control of urinary incontinence.

Dickkopf­1/cysteine­rich angiogenic inducer 61 axis mediates palmitic acid­induced inflammation and apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major cause of mortality around the world, and the presence of atherosclerosis is the most common characteristic in patients with CVDs. Cysteine­rich angiogenic inducer 61 (CCN1) has been reported to serve an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic lesions. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether CCN1 could regulate the inflammation and apoptosis of endothelial cells induced by palmitic acid (PA). Dickkopf­1 (DKK1) is an important antagonist of the Wnt signaling pathway, which can specifically inhibit the classic Wnt signaling pathway. Firstly, the mRNA and protein expression levels of CCN1 were detected. Additionally, endothelial nitric oxide (NO) synthase (eNOS), DKK1, ß­catenin, and inflammation­ and apoptosis­associated proteins were measured. Detection of NO was performed using a commercial kit. The expression levels of inflammatory cytokines were assessed to explore the effect of CCN1 on PA­induced inflammation. TUNEL assay was used to detect the apoptosis of endothelial cells. The results revealed that PA upregulated the expression levels of CCN1, inflammatory cytokines and pro­apoptotic proteins in endothelial cells. PA decreased the production of NO, and the levels of phosphorylated­eNOS, whereas knockdown of CCN1 partially abrogated these effects triggered by PA. Furthermore, the Wnt/ß­catenin signaling pathway was activated in PA­induced endothelial cells; however, the levels of DKK1 were downregulated. Overexpression of DKK1 could reduce CCN1 expression via inactivation of the Wnt/ß­catenin signaling pathway. In conclusion, knockdown of CCN1 attenuated PA­induced inflammation and apoptosis of endothelial cells via inactivating the Wnt/ß­catenin signaling pathway.

Overexpression of lncRNA Dancr inhibits apoptosis and enhances autophagy to protect cardiomyocytes from endoplasmic reticulum stress injury via sponging microRNA-6324.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) contributes to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and myocardial infarction (MI). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) serve an important role in cardiovascular diseases, and lncRNA discrimination antagonizing non-protein coding RNA (Dancr) alleviates cardiomyocyte damage. microRNA (miR)-6324 was upregulated in MI model rats and was predicted to bind to Dancr. The present study aimed to investigate the role of Dancr in ERS-induced cardiomyocytes and the potential underlying mechanisms. Tunicamycin (Tm) was used to induce ERS. Cell viability, apoptosis and levels of associated proteins, ERS and autophagy in Dancr-overexpression H9C2 cells and miR-6234 mimic-transfected H9C2 cells were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8, TUNEL staining and western blot assay, respectively. The results suggested that Dancr expression levels and cell viability were downregulated by Tm in a concentration-dependent manner compared with the control group. Tm induced apoptosis, ERS and autophagy, as indicated by an increased ratio of apoptotic cells, increased expression levels of Bax, cleaved (c)-caspase-3/9, glucose-regulated protein 78 kDa (GRP78), phosphorylated (p)-inositol-requiring enzyme-1α (IRE1α), spliced X-box-binding protein 1 (Xbp1s), IRE1α, activating transcription factor (ATF)6, ATF4, Beclin 1 and microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3α (LC3)II/I, and decreased expression levels of Bcl-2, unspliced Xbp1 (Xbp1u) and p62 in the Tm group compared with the control group. Moreover, the results indicated that compared with the Tm + overexpression (Oe)-negative control (NC) group, the Tm + Oe-Dancr group displayed decreased apoptosis, but enhanced ERS and autophagy to restore cellular homeostasis. Compared with the Tm + Oe-NC group, the Tm + Oe-Dancr group decreased the ratio of apoptotic cells, decreased expression levels of Bax, c-caspase-3/9 and Xbp1u, and increased expression levels of Bcl-2, p-IRE1α, Xbp1s, Beclin 1 and LC3II/I. Dancr overexpression also significantly downregulated miR-6324 expression compared with Oe-NC. The dual-luciferase reporter assay further indicated an interaction between Dancr and miR-6324. In addition, miR-6324 mimic partially reversed the effects of Dancr overexpression on Tm-induced apoptosis, ERS and autophagy. In conclusion, lncRNA Dancr overexpression protected cardiomyocytes against ERS injury via sponging miR-6324, thus inhibiting apoptosis, enhancing autophagy and restoring ER homeostasis.

Expression Status of PIWIL1 as a Prognostic Marker of Colorectal Cancer.

The PIWI-like protein 1 (PIWIL1) plays a crucial role in stem cell proliferation, embryogenesis, growth, and development, as well as differentiation and maturation in multiple organisms. The relationships between PIWIL1 expression and clinicopathological features of colorectal cancer (CRC) patients were analyzed by us. Survival analysis was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox's proportional hazards model. The high expression rate of PIWIL1 in the cancer tissue was obviously higher than that in the corresponding adjacent tissue. The expression of PIWIL1 was closely related to the tumor differentiation degree, infiltration depth, lymphovascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, and TNM stage. The Kaplan-Meier survival model suggested that the survival time of CRC patients in the high PIWIL1 expression group was notably lower than that in the low PIWIL1 expression group. High PIWIL1 expression suggests a poor prognosis for CRC patients, and PIWIL1 can serve as an important molecular marker for predicting the prognosis of CRC patients.

A New Polyoxometalate (POM)-Based Composite: Fabrication through POM-Assisted Polymerization of Dopamine and Properties as Anode Materials for High-Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Organic substrates are indispensable in the fabrication of multifunctional polyoxometalate (POM)-based composites for various applications. A new molybdovanadophosphoric heteropolyacid (PMo10 V2 )-based polydopamine (PDA) composite (PMo10 V2 /PDA) is first synthesized through a facile, in situ polymerization method under hydrothermal conditions, without the addition of extra buffer solution. The obtained PMo10 V2 /PDA composite shows homogeneous microsphere morphology. Through utilization of the adhesive ability of PDA, the composite can be used as an anode material without additional binder for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries. Excellent electrochemical performances are obtained, with a high, stable specific capacity of 915.3 mA h g-1 at a current density of 100 mA g-1 , remarkable rate capability, and good cycling stability (≈93 % capacity retention after 300 cycles at a high current density of 1000 mA g-1 ).

Double Carbon Nano Coating of LiFePO4 Cathode Material for High Performance of Lithium Ion Batteries.

Double carbon-coated LiFePO4 (D-LiFePO4/C) composite with sphere-like structure was synthesized through combination of co-precipitation and solid-state methods. Cetyl-trimethyl-ammonium bromide (CTAB) and citric acid served as two kinds of carbon sources in sequence. SEM images demonstrated that double carbon coating had certain influence on the morphology. The thickness of carbon coating on D-LiFePO4/C was about 1.7 nm and the content of carbon was 2.48 wt%, according to HRTEM and TG analysis. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy analysis indicated that the D-LiFePO4/C composite presented the charge-transfer resistance of 68 Ω and Li ion diffusion coefficient of 2.68 x 10(-13) cm2 S(-1), while the single carbon-coated LiFePO4 (S-LiFePO4/C) exhibited 135.5Ω and 4.03 x 10(-14) cm2 S(-1). Especially, the prepared D-LiFePO4/C electrode showed discharge capacities of 102.9 (10C) and 87.1 (20C) mA h g(-1), respectively, with almost no capacity lost after 400 cycles at 10C, which were much better than those of S-LiFePO4/C composite.