RESUMEN
Objectives: Quality of surgery has recently become an essential topic in the prognosis of colon cancer. Complete mesocolic excision for colon cancer has recently gained popularity with high-quality surgery. Patient specimens after complete mesocolic excision with central vessel ligation procedures have an integrity of the mesocolon and the yield of three fields of lymph node harvest. We apply the glacial acid, absolute ethanol, water, and formaldehyde solution to each specimen based on the Japanese classification of lymph node groups and station numbers. We aim to identify the distribution and status of lymph node metastasis according to each tumor site and some pathological characteristics related to this disease. Methods: A prospective cohort study was performed on 45 laparoscopic complete mesocolic excision surgery patients. Results: 2791 lymph nodes were harvested after complete mesocolic excision surgery. The average number was 62.0 ± 22.3 nodes. The mean tumor size (in the largest dimension) was 4.2 ± 1.8 cm. The average length of the resected bowel segments was 29.1 ± 7.7 cm. There are 63 (2.3%) node metastases in 2791 lymph nodes, in which 17/45 (37.8%) patients had pN(+). The minimum positive node size was 1 mm. The positive pericolic lymph nodes (station 1) accounted for the highest rate, with 53 nodes (1.9%). The number of lymph nodes in young age ⩽60 is more significant than in older. The results were similar, with a more significant node retrieval in the group with a tumor size >4.5 cm and specimen length >25 cm. The number of lymph nodes in lower tumor invasive (pT1,3) was smaller than pT4. Our research shows that the cecum, ascending, and descending colon had greater nodes than others, with a mean number of 78.6, 74.2, and 71.3, respectively. Conclusions: The metastasis and harvested lymph nodes accounted for the highest rate of colon cancer in station 1 and the lowest rate in station 3. The number of retrieved lymph nodes was significantly associated with tumor location, size, specimen length, and patient age.
RESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: An anomaly of the duodenal shape is one of the rare congenital anomalies and remains poorly known in many previous studies and the literature. The duodenum is formed by developing the terminal foregut and proximal midgut through four stages in the embryonic period. According to the anatomy, the duodenum is typically described as C-shaped, U-shaped, or even horseshoe-shaped. PRESENTATION OF CASE: The patient was hospitalized for abdominal pain and jaundice and diagnosed with ampullary carcinoma. During surgery, we incidentally discovered that the duodenum was not a C-shape. The first part of the duodenum and proximal half of the second part descended the head of the pancreas. However, the distal half of the second part bent to the right and ascended upwards to the upper-right margin of the pancreatic head. After that, the third part ran slantingly downward to the left and posterior of the pancreas and portal vein. DISCUSSION: During the fifth week, the ventral pancreatic bud moves around the duodenum's posterior side and unites the dorsal pancreatic bud at the sixth week. The place of the distal half of D2 migrated abnormally after ventral pancreatic bud rotation finished. The rapid and premature elongation of the proximal midgut, the influence of a very fast enlarged liver, or the early return of the umbilical loop combine with insufficiently developed abdominal space. These reasons may have led to the abnormal folding of the D2 position. CONCLUSION: Knowledge about this anomaly helps clinicians know the duodenal-anatomical abnormalities.
