RESUMEN
Samples from rodents captured on a farm in Venezuela in February 1997 were tested for arenavirus, antibody against Guanarito virus (GTOV), and antibody against Pirital virus (PIRV). Thirty-one (48.4%) of 64 short-tailed cane mice (Zygodontomys brevicauda) were infected with GTOV, 1 Alston's cotton rat (Sigmodon alstoni) was infected with GTOV, and 36 (64.3%) of 56 other Alston's cotton rats were infected with PIRV. The results of analyses of field and laboratory data suggested that horizontal transmission is the dominant mode of GTOV transmission in Z. brevicauda mice and that vertical transmission is an important mode of PIRV transmission in S. alstoni rats. The results also suggested that bodily secretions and excretions from most GTOV-infected short-tailed cane mice and most PIRV-infected Alston's cotton rats may transmit the viruses to humans.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones por Arenaviridae/veterinaria , Arvicolinae/virología , Animales , Animales Salvajes/virología , Anticuerpos Antivirales/sangre , Infecciones por Arenaviridae/epidemiología , Infecciones por Arenaviridae/transmisión , Arenavirus/clasificación , Arenavirus/genética , Arenavirus/inmunología , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes/epidemiología , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes/transmisión , Enfermedades Transmisibles Emergentes/veterinaria , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Filogenia , Venezuela/epidemiología , Esparcimiento de Virus , Zoonosis/transmisiónRESUMEN
Strains of Caño Delgadito virus (CADV) and Maporal virus (MAPV) were isolated from 25 (8.9%) of the 280 rodents captured on farms in 1997 in western Venezuela. The results of analyses of laboratory and zoographic data indicated that Alston's cotton rat (Sigmodon alstoni) is the principal host of CADV, horizontal virus transmission is the dominant mode of CADV transmission in Alston's cotton rat in nature, a pygmy rice rat (Oligoryzomys sp.) is the principal host of MAPV, and the natural host relationships of CADV and MAPV are highly specific.
