[Difficulties in the analysis of peritoneographic images]. / Schwierigkeiten in der Bildanalyse von Peritoneographien.

Peritoneography was performed in 122 patients clinically suspected of hernia without definite palpation findings. 108 cases could be assessed without any doubt (in 40 patients proof of hernia and in 68 patients definite exclusion of hernia). In 14 cases (= 11.5%) the images were difficult to classify. These cases and the variations of normal x-ray anatomy are described.

Our experience with Solcoseryl Eye-Gel in the treatment of corneal lesions. A randomised double-blind study (with 1 color plate).

A comparative study of Solcoseryl Eye-Gel versus a 2.4% cysteine eye-gel was carried out under controlled conditions (randomised and double-blind) on a total of 61 patients with corneal lesions (52 foreign body injuries, 9 corneal erosions). The results showed a marked superiority of Solcoseryl Eye-Gel with respect to more rapid healing and also with respect to the possible subsequent development of a corneal macula.

[X-ray examination of the operated intestine in Crohn's disease. (author's transl)]. / Röntgenuntersuchung des operieten Darmes bei Morbus Crohn.

Since Crohn's disease often entails complications, surgery is mandatory in many cases. The postoperative relapse rate is high (50-90%). The most important method to discover such relapses is represented by x-ray examination. In 15 surgically treated cases, relapses were observed in 7 patients. The region of the anastomosis is most frequently affected by relapses and complications. Optimal information in respect of differentiation of purely surgically conditioned changes and relapses is given by enteroclysm and double-contrast roentgenography of the colon.

[Causes of persisting postoperative varicoceles]. / Ursachen der postoperativ fortbestehenden Varikocele.

We report on 18 patients presenting persisting varicoceles following one or several surgical attempts to ligate the vena spermatica interna. During the last 12 years 519 patients underwent high ligation of the V. spermatica interna (technique of Bernardi) for varicocele in this center. In 5 of them a varicocele persisted after surgery (1 per cent). Phlebography in all operated 18 cases showed: an overlooked branch of the V. serm. int. in 2 cases, collateral veins to the paravertebral plexus in 3 cases and a combination of venous collaterals to neighbouring systems and overlooked branches in 13 cases. Collateral anastomoses as causes for persisting varicoceles were demonstrated to the presacral- and paravertebral plexus, to the V. iliaca and the V. femoralis and via the plexus pampiniformas to the other side. Preoperative Phlebography is preferred to intraoperative radiological diagnosis since the latter may be technically difficult, incomplete and may require a longer incision for ligation of distant anastomoses.

[Computer tomographic demonstration of haematomas in the pelvis and abdomen (author's transl)]. / Computertomographischer Nachweis von Hämatomen des Becken- und Bauchraumes.

Retro- and intra-peritoneal haematomas have been demonstrated in 19 patients by computer tomography. Absorption values varied from 0 to 65 Hounsfield units. Absorption values are high shortly after the trauma, but fall during the following days and weeks because of absorption and enzymatic chances of the haemaglobin and protein. A diagnosis can only be made with a knowledge of the clinical background. Tumours, abscesses and cysts must be considered in the differential diagnosis. Unlike conventional radiography, haematomas can be directly demonstrated by computer tomography. Angiography may demonstrate the point of bleeding when there is no haematoma, or if an haematoma fails to develop because bleeding is taking place into a hollow organ or a duct.

[CT scanning in cystic liver changes (author's transl)]. / Computertomographische Untersuchungen bei zystischen Leberveränderungen.

Computer tomography is outstandingly suitable for detecting cystic processes in the liver. The genesis of such cysts can vary widely, so that there are bound to be differences in the clinical relevance of the findings. This is discussed on the basis of 20 case histories of cystic changes of the liver observed during one and a half years. For the purpose of discussion of the value of CT scanning, comparisons with sonographic and angiographic examinations were carried out.

[Chest radiography for the detection of accidents during intensive care procedures (author's transl)]. / Fehleraufdeckung durch die Röntgenuntersuchung in der Intensivmedizin.

One of the indications for chest radiography in intensive care units is the diagnosis for mishaps or sequelae arising, e.g., from failure to insert a central venous catheter, wrong position of the catheter, a too deeply inserted tracheal tube, a wrongly sited gastric catheter; also to find the causes of, e.g., lack of stimulation by a pacemaker or ineffective thorax drainage. Success in this type of diagnostic radiography presupposes a competent technique, radiopaque catheter material and a thorough acquaintance on the part of the radiologist with the procedures employed in intensive care. Abb. 7 a.

[Quantitative determination of the effect of angiotensin on renal blood flow (author's transl)]. / Eine quantitative Bestimmung der Wirkung von Angiotensin auf die Nierendurchblutung.

The effect of angiotensin on renal blood flow was measured in ten patients by using selected angiography and video densitometry. A dose of 0.5 microgram. reduced flow in the renal artery 30 seconds after intraarterial application by an average of 60%. Neither the renal artery nor its primary branches showed any change in calibre.

Anomalous venous connections involving the portal system.

Five cases representing four different venous anomalies involving the portal system are described. The clinical importance of these anomalies, especially in patients with portal hypertension, is stressed.

[Measurement and differential demonstration of renal blood flow by computer angiography (author's transl)]. / Die Messung und differenzierte bildliche Darstellung der Nierendurchblutung mit der Computerangiographie.

A new computer-aided x-ray technique is presented which, unlike conventional cine- or video-densitometry, allows a high-resolution quantitative display of the parameters of renal blood flow as so-called 'functional images'. The parameters include blood flow velocity and local perfusion of the kidney. This technique, which we call computer angiography, has decisive advantages; the functional images provide more, and more rapid, information on renal blood flow dynamics than can be obtained by the qualitative evaluation of a series of pictures. The clinical relevance of computer angiography is illustrated by a nephrotic syndrome, polycystic disease and a hypernephroma.

Computer angiography: a new tool for x-ray functional diagnostics.

The method of functional imaging is applied to x-ray angiograms. Functional images are generated by inserting at each point of an x-ray image a computed grey or colour value proportional to a dynamic parameter (such as blood velocity) instead of the recorded x-ray absorption value. For this purpose a new system for angiographic image processing has been developed. First results show that the method which we have called Computer Angiography is a tool to extract more information about the blood dynamics in organs in an easier and faster way than with the conventional angiographic technique.

[Coarctation of abdominal aorta. Congenital or inflammatory origin? (author's transl)]. / Coarctatio der Bauchaorta. Missbildung oder entzündliche Genese?

Angiography in a 28-year-old woman with hypertension revealed coarctation of the abdominal aorta in combination with stenoses of the proximal portions of visceral arteries. One year after the diagnosis was confirmed she had a cerebro-vascular accident. The patient was operated and the hypertension and neurological symptoms returned to normal. The various causes of abdominal coarctation are discussed.

[The radiological diagnosis of gastro-intestinal metastases from malignant melanomas (author's transl)]. / Röntgendiagnostik gastrointestinaler Metastasierung bei malignem Melanom.

Amongst 240 patients with histologically proven metastases from malignant melanomas, there were 17 cases with gastro-intestinal involvement; of these there were seven in the small bowel, five in stomach, two with multiple deposits in stomach and small bowel and one in the colon. In four patients there were deposits in the mesentery or peritoneum. Radiologically these appeared as sharply demarkated polypoid intraluminal contrast defects with central ulceration (target lesions). In the cases with known primary tumours and multiple deposits, there were no problems regarding the differential diagnosis. Accurate radiological demonstration of metastases from malignant melanomas in the gastrointestinal tract or retroperitoneal space is of importance in order to avoid extensive surgery.

[Angiography in abdominal diseases (author's transl)]. / Angiographie bei abdominellen Erkrankungen.

Angiography of arteries and veins in the abdominal and retroperitoneal compartement is a valuable routine roentgenologic procedure. Its value in the diagnosis of vascular disorders is apparent. Regarding space occupying lesions in the abdomen angiography is an aid in diagnosis and differential diagnosis and provides information on the curability. Visualization of the venous system will give mainly information on the extent of a tumor. For an evaluation of portal hypertension the arterial indirect visualization of the portal venous system is superior to the direct percutaneous splenoportography. In the acute gastrointestinal bleeding selective angiography is able to demonstrate the bleeding site.

[A new substance for the therapeutic embolisation of renal tumours (author's transl)]. / Neue substanz zur therapeutischen Embolisation von Nierentumoren.

We report on a radio opaque substance for the embolization of kidney tumours which consists of amino acids mixed up with a contrast medium. It is relatively easy to be injected and can be well directed because of its radio-opacity. Past and recent histological examinations of embolized pig kidneys show that this material provides a durable closure of the vessels and that there is no essential tendency of intravasal dissolution. It is therefore also suitable for palliative embolizations. The first results in clinical trial have proved to be encouraging.