[Study on Chemical Constituents of Petroleum Ether Fraction from Rubus alceaefolius].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents of Rubus alceaefolius. METHODS: Nine compounds were isolated and purified from the petroleum ether extract of 95% alcohol extract of Rubus alceaefolius by repeated column chromatography on silica, Sephadex LH-20 and structurally identified by spectral analysis. RESULTS: The compounds were identified as chrysophanol(1), physcion (2), ß-sitosterol(3), 3-oxotirucalla-7, 24-dien-21-oic acid(4), myricadiol(5), 19-α-hydroxy-3-acetyl-ursolic acid(6), N-benzoylphenylalaninyl-N-benzoylphenylalaninate(7), aurantiamide acetate(8) and euscaphic acid(9). CONCLUSION: Compounds land 4~8 are isolated from this plant for the first time, and compounds 4 - 8 are found in plants of Rubus genus for the first time.

[Determination of anthraquinones from different medicinal parts of Berchemia lineata by HPLC].

OBJECTIVE: To develop an HPLC method for determination of emodin,chrysophanol and physcion from different medicinal parts of Berchemia lineata. METHODS: Samples were analyzed on Diamonsil ODS C18 (250 mm x 4. 6 mm,5 µm), with the mobile phase consisted of methanol-0. 20% phosphoric acid solution(74: 26). The flow rate was 1.0 mL/min,column temperature was set at 35 °C ,and detection UV wavelength was 254 nm. RESULTS: The linear range of emodin, chrysophanol and physcion was 0. 00201~ 0. 0804 µg,0. 0066~0. 264 µg and 0. 0124 ~0. 496 µg,with the average recovery was 100. 43% ,101. 29% and 98. 36% ,respectively. The content of total anthraquinones in root was higher than that in taten of Berchemia lineata. CONCLUSION: The method is simple,accurate and reliable for quality control of Berchemia lineata.

[Chemical constituents from roots of Rubus parvifolius].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the chemical constituents from the roots of Rubus parvifolius. METHODS: The chemical constituents were isolated by silica gel column chromatography, Sephadex LH-20, as well as preparative high performance liquid chromatography. Their structures were identified on the basis of physicochemical properties and NMR analysis. RESULTS: Six comounds were isolated and identified as 3-O-Acetyl-11α, 12α-epoxy-oleanan-28,ß-olide( I ) ,3-O-Acetyl-pomolic acid( II ), Ursolic acid( Ill),Ursolic acid acetate (1V ), Euscaphic acid ( V) and ß-Sitosterol ( VI). CONCLUSION: Compounds I , II and IV are isolated from Rubus parvifolius for the first time.

[Comparative study on the content of chlorogenic acid in Solanum torvum from different origin, different harvest time and different part].

OBJECTIVE: To develop a HPLC method for determination of chlorogenic acid in Solanum torvum and provide a scientific basis for evaluating the quality and reasonable utilization of the herb. METHODS: HPLC was used to quantitatively determine the chlorogenic acid content in Solanum torvum from different origin, different harvest time and different part. The assay was performed on a Agela Promosil C18 (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) column and eluted with a mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile -0.1% phosphoric acid solution at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The column temperature was set at 35 degrees C. The detection wavelength was 327 nm. RESULTS: The calibration curve was linear within the range of 0.1000 - 200.0 microg/mL (r = 0.9999). The average recoveries were 99.8% (RSD = 0.71%). The contents of chlorogenic acid in Solanum torvum were different from different origin, different harvest time and different part. CONCLUSION: The method is reliable, accurate and specific. It can be used for quality control of Solanum torvum and reasonable utilization of the herb.

The correlation between bioactive components of Fallopia multiflora root and environmental factors.

Fallopia multiflora (Thunb.) Harald, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, is used in treating dizziness. In this study, the samples of F. multiflora from ten different locations were collected, and five bioactive components (2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, emodin, emodin-8-O-beta-D-glucoside, physcion and physcion-8-O-beta-D-glucoside) were quantified by high performance liquid chromatography. The correlations between 17 environmental factors and 5 bioactive components were analyzed. The results showed that the highest contents of bioactive components were in samples from Deqing, and the lowest in samples from Tianyang, which indicated that the quality of F. multiflora grown in Deqing was superior, while that grown in Tianyang was inferior. Emodin content was negatively correlated with the average temperature in January (p < 0.01) and the accumulated temperature (p < 0.01). Physician content was also negatively correlated with the average temperature in January (P < 0.01), the accumulated temperature (p < 0.05) and the organic matter (p < 0.05). However, emodin was positively correlated with the soil available K (p < 0.05) and Zn (p < 0.01). The results of stepwise regression showed that the accumulated temperature was the main factor influencing the contents of emodin and physcion. However, none of the environmental factors had significant correlation with 2, 3, 5, 4'-tetrahydroxystilbene-2-O-beta-D-glucoside, emodin-8- O-beta-D-glucoside and physcion-8-O-beta-D-glucoside. In conclusion, some environmental factors have significant influence on the content of dissociated anthraquinones, while some have no influence on that of combined anthraquinones.

Applications of ultra-performance liquid chromatography to traditional Chinese medicines.

Ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC), as a development of the chromatographic technique, was used in the quality control of Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. In the study, the UPLC methods were transferred from conventional high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods according to chromatographic equations. The results demonstrated that UPLC analysis methods could be transferred from HPLC without loss of efficiency. Compared with conventional HPLC, UPLC made a surprising 10-fold increase in speed and 20-fold decrease in solvent consumption. The study indicated UPLC as a suitable alternative to HPLC and can be reliably applied to quality control of traditional Chinese medicines.

[Study on determination and principal component analysis of inorganic elements in Polygonum multiflorum from different areas].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the character of inorganic elements in Polygonum multiflorum. METHOD: The contents of elements such as Al, B, Ba, Ca, Cu, Mn, Mg, Fe, Na, Ni, P, Se, Sr, Ti and Zn in nine P. multiflorum samples were determined by means of ICP-AEC. The results were used for the development of element distrubution diagram. The principal component analysis and one-way ANOVA of SPSS were applied for the study of characteristic elements in P. multiflorum. RESULT: The contents of Al, Ca, K, Mg, Sr,Ti in wild P. multiflorum were remarkable higher than those in cultured P. multiflorum, and there was no significant difference between cultured and wild in the other elements. Five principal components which accounted for over 90% of the total variance were extracted from the original data. The analysis results show that Al, B, Ba, Fe, Na, Ni, Ti, Ca and Sr may be the characteristic elements in P. multiflorum. The element distrubution diagram of the sample from Tianyang was remarkable different comparing with the others. CONCLUSION: The principal component analysis could be used in data processing in inorganic elements.

[Studies on HPLC fingerprint chromatogram of Folium Fici Microcarpa].

OBJECTIVE: To establish a sensitive and specific method for quality control of Folium Fici Microcarpa, HPLC method was applied for studies on the fingerprint chromatogram of Folium Fici Microcarpa. METHODS: Isovitexin was used as reference substance to evaluate the chromatogram of 10 samples from different regions and 12 samples collected in different months. RESULTS: The result revealed that all the chromatographic peaks were seperated efficiently. There were 17 common peaks showed in the fingerprint chromatogram. CONCLUSION: The method of fingerprint chromatogram with characteristic and specificity will be used to identify the quality and evaluate different origins and collection period of Folium Fici Microcarpa.