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Exploring the bacterial community in the S. glauca rhizosphere was of great value for understanding how this species adapted to the saline-alkali environment and for the rational development and use of saline-alkali soils. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was used to investigate the diversity characteristics and distribution patterns of soil bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of S.glauca-dominated communities in the Hetao Irrigation Distract, Inner Mongolia, China. The relationships among bacterial characteristics, soil physicochemical properties and vegetation in four sampling sites were analyzed. The soil bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of S. glauca-dominated communities were mainly composed of 16 phyla (i.e., Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Gemmatimonadetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Deinococcus-Thermus, Verrucomicrobia, Saccharibacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nitrospirae, JL-ETNP-Z39, Parcubacteria and Chlorobi), and these populations accounted for more than 99% of the total bacterial community. At the genus level, the main bacterial communities comprised Halomonas, Nitriliruptor, Euzebya and Pelagibius, which accounted for 15.70% of the total bacterial community. An alpha diversity analysis indicated that the richness and diversity of rhizosphere soil bacteria differed significantly among the sampling sites, and the bacterial richness and diversity indices of severe saline-alkali land were higher than those of light and moderate saline-alkali land. The principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) showed significant differences in the species composition of the rhizosphere soil bacterial community among different sampling sites. A correlation analysis showed that the number of bacterial species exhibited the highest correlation with the soil water content (SWC). The richness and evenness indices were significantly correlated with the SWC and SO4 2-, K+ and Mg2+ concentrations. The electrical conductivity (EC), soluble ions (Na+, CO3 2- + HCO3 -, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, and SO4 2+), SWC and vegetation coverage (VC) were the main drivers affecting the changes in its community structure. The bacterial community in the rhizosphere of S. glauca enhanced the adaptability of S. glauca to saline-alkali environment by participating in the cycling process of nutrient elements, the decomposition of organic matter and the production of plant growth regulating substances. These results provided a theoretical reference for further study on the relationship among rhizosphere soil microorganisms and salt tolerance in halophytes.
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Objective: To develop a classification model for the five flavors of Chinese medicine using advanced multi-source intelligent sensory information fusion technology. The primary aim is to investigate the feasibility of applying this model to classify and identify the flavors of various Chinese medicines effectively. Methods: We selected 122 representative Chinese medicines, each exhibiting a single distinct flavor (sour, pungent, salty, sweet, bitter), along with 14 common foods. Utilizing the nature and flavors of these decoction pieces specified in Chinese Pharmacopeia (ChP)2020 and the inherent attributes of food components, we obtained valuable data from various sensors, including the PEN3 electronic nose, ASTREE electronic tongue, and SA402B electronic tongue. We then collected single-source data matrices from these sample sensors and a multi-source data matrix that combined the data from all sensors. Using discriminant analysis (DA), principal component analysis-discriminant analysis (PCA-DA), and K-nearest neighbor algorithm (KNN) three kinds of chemometric methods were used to establish five flavors and five-category discrimination models. The results were comprehensively evaluated with the highest correct rate of the model of leave-one-out cross-validation as the index. Results: Upon leave-one-out cross-validation, the correct judgment rate of the five flavors, five-category two-source fusion DA discrimination model (83.8%; ASTREE + SA402B) was significantly higher than the correct judgment rate of the single-source optimal DA and KNN model (73.5%; ASTREE). Following full-sample modeling, the correct judgment rate of the five flavors, five-category three-source fusion DA discrimination model (94.9%; PEN3+ASTREE+SA402B) rose substantially. This was higher than the correct judgment rate of the single-source optimal DA model (77.9%; ASTREE) and slightly higher than the two-source optimal correct judgment rate (89.7%; PEN3 + ASTREE). Conclusions: Compared to single-source identification, multi-source intelligent senses information fusion (MISIF) significantly improved accuracy, providing a new outlook for identifying flavor in Chinese medicine.
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Yutu-2 rover conducted an exciting expedition on the 41st lunar day to investigate a fin-shaped rock at Longji site (45.44°S, 177.56°E) by extending its locomotion margin on perilous peaks. The varied locomotion encountered, especially multi-form wheel slippage, during the journey to the target rock, established unique conditions for a fin-grained lunar regolith analysis regarding bearing, shear and lateral properties based on terramechanics. Here, we show a tri-aspect characterization of lunar regolith and infer the rock's origin using a digital twin. We estimate internal friction angle within 21.5°-42.0° and associated cohesion of 520-3154 Pa in the Chang'E-4 operational site. These findings suggest shear characteristics similar to Apollo 12 mission samples but notably higher cohesion compared to regolith investigated on most nearside lunar missions. We estimate external friction angle in lateral properties to be within 8.3°-16.5°, which fills the gaps of the lateral property estimation of the lunar farside regolith and serves as a foundational parameter for subsequent engineering verifications. Our in-situ spectral investigations of the target rock unveil its composition of iron/magnesium-rich low-calcium pyroxene, linking it to the Zhinyu crater (45.34°S, 176.15°E) ejecta. Our results indicate that the combination of in-situ measurements with robotics technology in planetary exploration reveal the possibility of additional source regions contributing to the local materials at the Chang'E-4 site, implying a more complicated geological history in the vicinity.
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In order to solve the problem of external corrosion of deep well casing in oil and gas fields, a new type of high-temperature-resistant zinc alloy sacrificial anode material was used. The temperature and corrosion resistance of the new anode material and TP140 casing were investigated by simulating the high-temperature working conditions of a deep well in an oil field using high-temperature and high-pressure corrosion tests and electrochemical tests. The results showed that at 100-120 °C, the corrosion rate of TP140 protected by a sacrificial anode was only one-tenth of that under unprotected conditions, and the minimum corrosion rate of TP140 protected by a sacrificial anode at 100 °C was 0.0089 mm/a. The results of the dynamic potential polarization curve showed that the corresponding corrosion current density of TP140 first increased and then decreased with the increase in temperature. The self-corrosion potential in sacrificial anode materials first increased and then decreased with the increase in temperature, and the potential difference with TP140 gradually decreased.
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Hybrid solid-state electrolytes (HSSEs) provide new opportunities and inspiration for the realization of safer, higher energy-density metal batteries. The innovative application of 3-dimensional printing in the electrochemical field, especially in solid-state electrolytes, endows energy storage devices with fascinating characteristics. In this paper, effective dendrite-inhibited PEO/MOFs HSSEs is innovatively developed through universal room-temperature 3-dimensional printing (RT-3DP) strategy. The prepared HSSEs display enhanced dendrite inhibition due to the porous MOF filler promoting homogeneity of lithium deposition and the formation of C-OCO3 Li, ROLi, LiF mesophases, which further improve the migration of Li+ in PEO chain and comprehensive performances. This universal strategy realizes the fabrication of different slurry components (PEO with ZIF-67, MOF-74, UIO-66, ZIF-8 fillers) HSSEs at RT environment, providing new inspirations for the exploration of next-generation advanced solid-state batteries.
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OBJECTIVE: To compare the consistency between the decoction of Paeonia rubra hort dispensing granules from different manufacturers and traditional decoction (TD), and to provide a reference for the clinical application of Paeonia rubra hort dispensing granules. METHODS: Nine batches of Paeonia rubra hort dispensing granules (from three manufacturers, A, B, and C) and 20 batches of Paeonia rubra hort decoction pieces were collected. The contents of four active components in vivo and in vitro were determined by HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS, respectively. The consistency of the Paeonia rubra hort decoction pieces and dispensing granules were compared based on the Criteria Importance Though Intercrieria Correlation (CRITIC) weighting method and the equivalent correction suggestions (1 g of dispensing granule equals the same amount of Chinese herbal samples) were put forward for the dispensing granules. RESULTS: The total content of active ingredients in vivo and in vitro of manufacturer A was significantly lower than that of TD (p < 0.05), and the total content of active ingredients in vivo of manufacturer C was significantly lower than that of TD (p < 0.05); The equivalent of manufacturer A and manufacturer C should be corrected from 1:11 and 1:5 to 1:5 and 1:4, respectively. CONCLUSION: The quality of Paeonia rubra hort dispensing granule decoction from some manufacturers aligns that of TD, but the other is slightly inferior to that of TD. After appropriate equivalent correction, quality consistency can be achieved with TD.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Paeonia , Cromatografía Liquida , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodosRESUMEN
Background: Sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (SHC) is a rare epithelial malignancy with high invasiveness and poor prognosis. However, the molecular characteristics and main driver genes for SHC have not been determined. The aim of this study is to explore the potentially actionable mutations of driver genes, which may provide more therapeutic options for SHC. Methods: In this study, DNA extraction and library preparation were performed using tumor tissues from 28 SHC patients. Then we used Miseq platform (Illumina) to sequence the target-enriched library, and we aligned and processed the sequencing data. The gene groups were tested for SNVs/Indels/CNVs. Tumor mutation burden (TMB) was assessed by the 425-cancer-relevant gene panel. Multivariate analysis of COX's model was used for survival analysis (OS) of patients' clinical characteristics. Result: The median overall survival (OS) of the patients was only 4.4 months. TP53, TERT, and KRAS were the top three frequently mutated genes, with frequencies of 89.3%, 64.3%, and 21.4%, respectively. A considerable number of patients carried mutations in genes involved in the TP53 pathway (96%) and DNA Damage Repair (DDR) pathway (21%). Multiple potentially actionable mutations, such as NTRK1 fusions and BRCA1/2 mutations, were identified in SHCs. Conclusions: This study shows a landscape of gene mutations in SHC. SHC has high mutation rates in TP53 pathway and DDR pathway. The potentially actionable mutations of driver genes may provide more therapeutic options for SHC. Survival analysis found that age, smoking, drinking, and tumor diameter may be independent prognostic predictors of SHC.
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In order to meet the growing demand for the electronics market, many new materials have been studied to replace traditional electrode materials for energy storage systems. Molybdenum oxide materials are electrode materials with higher theoretical capacity than graphene, which was originally used as anode electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. In subsequent studies, they have a wider application in the field of energy storage, such as being used as cathodes or anodes for other ion batteries (sodium-ion batteries, potassium-ion batteries, etc.), and electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, molybdenum oxide materials have serious volume expansion concerns and irreversible capacity dropping during the cycles. To solve these problems, doping with different elements has become a suitable option, being an effective method that can change the crystal structure of the materials and improve the performances. Therefore, there are many research studies on metal element doping or non-metal doping molybdenum oxides. This paper summarizes the recent research on the application of hetero-element-doped molybdenum oxides in the field of energy storage, and it also provides some brief analysis and insights.
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The quality of traditional Chinese medicine tablets is correlated with clinical efficacy and drug safety, and plays a great role in promoting the development of traditional Chinese medicine. However, the existing traditional artificial identification and modern instrument detection in terms of accuracy and timeliness have both advantages and disadvantages. Therefore, how to quickly and accurately identify the quality of traditional Chinese medicine tablets has become a high-profile issue. The purpose of this paper is to explore the feasibility of the application of electronic eye technology in the study of rapid identification of traditional Chinese medicine quality. A total of 80 batches of samples were collected and tested by Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus for traditional empirical identification(M_1) and modern pharmacopeia(M_2). The optical data was collected from electronic eyes, and the chemical metrology was used to establish suitable discrimination models(M_3). Four authenticity and commodity specification models, namely identification analysis(DA), minimum bidirectional support vector machine(LS-SVM), partial minimum two-multiplier analysis(PLS-DA), main component analysis identification analysis(PCA-DA), were established, respectively. The accuracies of the authenticity identification models were 82.5%, 90.0%, 96.2% and 93.8%, while the accuracies of the commodity specification identification models were 89.3%, 96.0%, 90.7% and 97.3%, respectively. The models were well judged, the authenticity identification was based on the final identification model of PLS-DA, and the commodity specification was based on the final identification model of PCA-DA. There was no significant difference between its accuracy and M_1, and the time of determination was much shorter than M_2(P<0.01). Therefore, electronic-eye technology could be used for the rapid identification of the quality of Fritillariae Cirrhosae Bulbus.
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Medicamentos Herbarios Chinos , Fritillaria , Medicina Tradicional China , Raíces de Plantas , TecnologíaRESUMEN
This study explored a new rosuvastatin calcium- and heparin-loaded poly(l-lactide- co-caprolactone) (PLCL) scaffold for covered stents for treating aneurysms. The mechanism of rosuvastatin-induced endothelialization via vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A elevation was further explored. Rosu50, Rosu75, Rosu100, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) nanofibrous scaffolds were fabricated by coaxial electrospinning and observed by electron microscopy. Anticoagulation and pro-endothelialization properties were tested. Sixteen rabbits were selected for an in vivo assay and underwent microsurgery to establish a carotid aneurysm model. The animals were treated with covered stents and followed for 4 months using digital subtraction angiography (DSA), electron microscopy, and histology. Rosuvastatin-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) viability, function, and VEGF-A modulation were further studied to elucidate the pro-endothelialization mechanism of rosuvastatin. Our study demonstrates that rosuvastatin and heparin can be incorporated into PLCL nanofibers via electrospinning. Rosu100 nanofiber scaffolds exhibited significant anticoagulation properties. The viability of HUVECs transferred to Rosu100 nanofiber scaffolds was increased significantly. In vivo, DSA revealed that the Rosu100 group had better outcomes than the PBS group. In addition, the Rosu100 stents induced more integrated endothelialization. Further study demonstrated that rosuvastatin promoted HUVEC viability and function in vitro. The effects of rosuvastatin may be attributed to an elevation in VEGF-A. We demonstrated that rosuvastatin- and heparin-loaded PLCL-covered stents show favorable anticoagulation and pro-endothelialization properties in vitro and in vivo in a rabbit aneurysm model. VEGF-A elevation played a crucial role in rosuvastatin-promoted endothelialization. This work provides an additional option for treating cerebral aneurysms with covered stents.
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Aneurisma , Arterias Carótidas , Nanofibras/química , Rosuvastatina Cálcica , Stents , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Aneurisma/metabolismo , Aneurisma/patología , Aneurisma/cirugía , Animales , Caproatos/química , Caproatos/farmacocinética , Caproatos/farmacología , Arterias Carótidas/metabolismo , Arterias Carótidas/patología , Arterias Carótidas/cirugía , Heparina/química , Heparina/farmacocinética , Heparina/farmacología , Células Endoteliales de la Vena Umbilical Humana , Humanos , Lactonas/química , Lactonas/farmacocinética , Lactonas/farmacología , Poliésteres/química , Poliésteres/farmacocinética , Poliésteres/farmacología , Conejos , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/química , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/farmacocinética , Rosuvastatina Cálcica/farmacología , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/química , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/farmacocinética , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular/farmacologíaRESUMEN
Tracheal stenosis is one of major challenging issues in clinical medicine because of the poor intrinsic ability of tracheal cartilage for repair. Tissue engineering provides an alternative method for the treatment of tracheal defects by generating replacement tracheal structures. In this study, we fabricated coaxial electrospun fibers using poly(L-lactic acid-co-caprolactone) and collagen solution as shell fluid and kartogenin solution as core fluid. Scanning electron microscope and transmission electron microscope images demonstrated that nanofibers had uniform and smooth structure. The kartogenin released from the scaffolds in a sustained and stable manner for about 2 months. The bioactivity of released kartogenin was evaluated by its effect on maintain the synthesis of type II collagen and glycosaminoglycans by chondrocytes. The proliferation and morphology analyses of mesenchymal stems cells derived from bone marrow of rabbits indicated the good biocompatibility of the fabricated nanofibrous scaffold. Meanwhile, the chondrogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells cultured on core-shell nanofibrous scaffold was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The results suggested that the core-shell nanofibrous scaffold with kartogenin could promote the chondrogenic differentiation ability of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Overall, the core-shell nanofibrous scaffold could be an effective delivery system for kartogenin and served as a promising tissue engineered scaffold for tracheal cartilage regeneration.
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Anilidas/administración & dosificación , Condrogénesis/efectos de los fármacos , Colágeno/química , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Ácidos Ftálicos/administración & dosificación , Andamios del Tejido/química , Anilidas/farmacología , Animales , Caproatos/química , Células Cultivadas , Condrocitos/citología , Condrocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Lactonas/química , Trasplante de Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/métodos , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/citología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/efectos de los fármacos , Nanofibras/química , Ácidos Ftálicos/farmacología , Poliésteres/química , Conejos , Regeneración/efectos de los fármacos , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Tráquea/citología , Tráquea/efectos de los fármacos , Tráquea/fisiologíaRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with robotic assistance has the potential to improve on clinical outcomes of biopsy and local treatment of prostate cancer. This paper introduces a pneumatically actuated surgical robotic system for prostatic interventions under MRI guidance. METHODS: A mechanical dynamics model was established using the Lagrange method and simulated using MATLAB software. A pneumatic actuator model was built through the use of system identification, and stability analysis was proposed based on the Nyquist criterion. In addition, a proportional-integral-derivative controller was implemented on the robot for accurate position control. RESULTS: Simulation results showed that the steady-state error of a step response was 0.3 mm and the tracking error of a 1.0 Hz sinusoidal response was 1.5 mm. Experimental results showed that the insertion precision was 0.72 mm in the general laboratory environment. CONCLUSIONS: The results demonstrated that the robotic system with the designed controller was effective in both position control and trajectory tracking.
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Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Robotizados/instrumentación , Fenómenos Biomecánicos , Biopsia con Aguja/instrumentación , Braquiterapia/instrumentación , Simulación por Computador , Diseño de Equipo , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Masculino , Fantasmas de Imagen , Neoplasias de la Próstata/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Próstata/radioterapia , Planificación de la Radioterapia Asistida por Computador , Programas InformáticosRESUMEN
PVA has been proposed as a promising biomaterial suitable for tissue mimicking, vascular cell culturing and vascular implanting. In this research, a kind of transparent PVA hydrogel has been investigated in order to mimic the creatural soft tissue deformation during mini-invasive surgery with needle intervention, such as brachytherapy. Three kinds of samples with the same composition of 3 g PVA, 17 g de-ionized water, 80 g dimethyl-sulfoxide but different freeze/thaw cycles have been prepared. In order to investigate the structure and properties of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel, micro-structure, mechanical property and deformation measurement have been conducted. As the SEM image comparison results show, with the increase of freeze/thaw cycles, PVA hydrogel revealed the similar micro-structure to porcine liver tissue. With uniaxial tensile strength test, the above composition with a five freeze/thaw cycle sample resulted in Young's modulus similar to that of porcine liver's property. Through the comparison of needle insertion deformation experiment and the clinical experiment during brachytherapy, results show that the PVA hydrogel had the same deformation property as prostate tissue. These transparent hydrogel phantom materials can be suitable soft tissue substitutes in needle intervention precision or pre-operation planning studies, particularly in the cases of mimicking creatural tissue deformation and analysing video camera images.