Reinforcing and toughening bacterial cellulose/MXene films assisted by interfacial multiple cross-linking for electromagnetic interference shielding and photothermal response.

Ultrathin MXene composite films, with their flexibility, metal-level conductivity, and multifunction compatibility, are an ideal choice for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials in future developments. Nonetheless, the dilemma between electrical conductivity and robustness in these composite films remains a challenge. Herein, an ammonium polyphosphate (APP) assisted interfacial multiple cross-linking strategy, achieved via simple solution blending and filtration, was employed to reinforce and toughen the "brick-mortar" layered MXene/bacterial cellulose (MBCA) films without compromising their conductivity and EMI shielding ability. The introduction of a small amount of APP leads to multiple interfacial interactions between MXene and bacterial cellulose, resulting in significant enhancements in mechanical strength (360.8 MPa), Young's modulus (2.8 GPa), fracture strain (17.3%), and toughness (34.1 MJ/m3). Concurrently, the MBCA film displayed satisfactory conductivity values of 306.7 S/cm and an EMI SE value of 41 dB upon optimizing the MXene content. Additionally, the MBCA film demonstrated a consistent, rapid-response photothermal conversion capability, achieving a photothermal conversion temperature of 97 °C under a light intensity of 200 mW/m2. Consequently, this tough and multifunctional EMI shielding film holds substantial promise for protecting electronic equipment.

Tunable construction of fire safe and mechanically strong hierarchical composites towards electromagnetic interference shielding.

Cotton fabric composites were designed to be protected by fire safe thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) composites for developing electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding polymer composites with superior mechanical properties. Herein, the as-prepared MXene was coated onto the fiber surface of cotton and then thermally compressed with TPU composites, which were filled with the sodium dodecyl sulfate modified layered double hydroxides functionalized the short carbon fiber hybrids through melt blending method. Then, a series of highly fire safe cotton/TPU hierarchical composites were constructed by a designed thermal compression technique. For instance, the obtained cotton/TPU hierarchical sample showed greatly reduced peak of heat release rate, peak of carbon monoxide production rate and peak of carbon dioxide production rate of TPU by 50.1%, 52.1% and 55.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the cotton/TPU hierarchical composites possessed the EMI shielding effectiveness of 40.0 dB in the X band and 54.6 dB in the K band. The mechanical property of the cotton/TPU hierarchical composites was also reinforced, where the elongation at break and toughness values of the TPU/SCF/mLDH1/C2 hierarchical composite were 21.47 and 18.30 times higher than those of pure TPU, respectively. These mechanically strong hierarchical composites have brought a promising attempt to broaden their practical application, removing the fire hazards and electromagnetic waves radiation from the environment.

Multifunctional magnetic sponge with outstanding solar/electro-thermal performance for high-efficiency and all-day continuous cleanup of crude oil spills.

The high-efficient, eco-friendly and low-energy cleanup of viscous crude oil spills is still a global challenge. Emerging absorbents with self-heating function are promising candidates due to that they can significantly decrease crude oil viscosity via in-situ heat transfer so as to accelerate remediation. Herein we developed a novel multifunctional magnetic sponge (P-MXene/Fe3O4@MS) with outstanding solar/electro-thermal performance by facilely coating Ti3C2TX MXene, nano-Fe3O4 and polydimethylsiloxane onto melamine sponge for fast crude oil recovery. Superior hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 147°) and magnetic responsivity allowed P-MXene/Fe3O4@MS to be magnetically driven for oil/water separation and easy recycling. Owing to excellent full-solar-spectrum absorption (average absorptivity of 96.5 %), effective photothermal conversion and high conductivity (resistance of 300 Ω), P-MXene/Fe3O4@MS possessed remarkable solar/Joule heating capability. The maximum surface temperature of P-MXene/Fe3O4@MS could quickly reach 84 °C under a solar irradiation of 1.0 kW/m2 and 100 °C after applying a voltage of 20 V. The generated heat induced a significant decrease of crude oil viscosity, enabling the composite sponge to absorb more than 27 times its weight of crude oil within 2 min (1.0 kW/m2 irradiation). More importantly, by means of the synergistic effect of Joule heating and solar heating, a pump-assisted absorption device based on P-MXene/Fe3O4@MS was able to realize the high-efficiency and all-day continuous separation of high-viscosity oil on water surface (crude oil flux = 710 kg m-2 h-1). The new-typed multifunctional sponge provides a competitive approach for dealing with large-area crude oil pollution.

Ultrafine aramid nanofibers prepared by high-efficiency wet ball-milling-assisted deprotonation for high-performance nanopaper.

Aramid nanofibers (ANFs) with a nanoscale diameter, large aspect ratio, and exposed electronegative surface, as well as ultrahigh thermal/chemical inertness and extreme mechanical properties, provide promising applications in many emerging fields, but these are greatly limited by the low preparation efficiency and broad diameter distribution. Herein, we put forward a high-efficiency wet ball milling-assisted deprotonation (BMAD) strategy to rapidly prepare ANFs with an ultrafine diameter. The strong shear and collision forces from ball-milling induced stripping and splitting effects on the macroscopic fibers, which promoted the penetration and expanded the contact interfaces between reactants, thus accelerating the deprotonation reaction and refining the ANF diameter. As a result, ultrafine ANFs with a diameter of only 2.09 nm and high concentration (1 wt%) were successfully achieved within 30 min. This BMAD strategy represents a vastly advantageous approach compared to the existing reported ANF preparation approaches in terms of efficiency (20 g L-1 h-1) and fiber diameter. The ultrafine microstructure leads to the corresponding ANF nanopaper having more compact stacking and fewer defects, thus exhibiting extraordinary mechanical properties including tensile strength (271.7 MPa) and toughness (33.1 MJ m-3). This work achieves significant progress toward high-efficiency production of ultrafine ANFs, bringing about appreciable prospects in preparing promising multifunctional ANF-based materials.

Transparent and Stretchable Electromagnetic Interference Shielding Film with Fence-like Aligned Silver Nanowire Conductive Network.

Flexible transparent conductive electrodes (TCEs) that can be used as electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials have a great potential for use as electronic components in optical window and display applications. However, development of TCEs that display high shielding effectiveness (SE) and good stretchability for flexible electronic device applications has proven challenging. Herein, this study describes a stretchable polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)/silver nanowire (AgNW) TCE with a fence-like aligned conductive network that is fabricated via pre-stretching method. The fence-like AgNW network endowed the PDMS/AgNW film with excellent optoelectronic properties, i.e., low sheet resistance of 7.68 Ω sq-1 at 73.7% optical transmittance, thus causing an effective EMI SE of 32.2 dB at X-band. More importantly, the fence-like aligned AgNW conductive network reveals a high stability toward tensile deformation, thus gives the PDMS/AgNW film stretch-stable conductivity and EMI shielding property in the strain range of 0-100%. Typically, the film can reserve ≈70% or 80% of its initial EMI SE when stretching at 100% strain or stretching/releasing (50% strain) for 128 cycles, respectively. Additionally, the film exhibits a low-voltage driven and stretchable Joule heating performance. With these overall performances, the PDMS/AgNW film should be well suited for use in flexible and stretchable optical electronic devices.

Molecular Engineering on Solvation Structure of Carbonate Electrolyte toward Durable Sodium Metal Battery at -40 °C.

Carbonate electrolytes have excellent chemical stability and high salt solubility, which are ideally practical choice for achieving high-energy-density sodium (Na) metal battery at room temperature. However, their application at ultra-low temperature (-40 °C) is adversely affected by the instability of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed by electrolyte decomposition and the difficulty of desolvation. Here, we designed a novel low-temperature carbonate electrolyte by molecular engineering on solvation structure. The calculations and experimental results demonstrate that ethylene sulfate (ES) reduces the sodium ion desolvation energy and promotes the forming of more inorganic substances on the Na surface, which promote ion migration and inhibit dendrite growth. At -40 °C, the Na||Na symmetric battery exhibits a stable cycle of 1500 hours, and the Na||Na3 V2 (PO4 )3 (NVP) battery achieves 88.2 % capacity retention after 200 cycles.

Vanadium fluorophosphates: advanced cathode materials for next-generation secondary batteries.

Next-generation secondary batteries including sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) are considered the most promising candidates for application to large-scale energy storage systems due to their abundant, evenly distributed and cost-effective sodium/potassium raw materials. The electrochemical performance of SIBs (PIBs) significantly depends on the inherent characteristics of the cathode material. Among the wide variety of cathode materials, sodium/potassium vanadium fluorophosphate (denoted as MVPF, M = Na and K) composites are widely investigated due to their fast ion transportation and robust structure. However, their poor electron conductivity leads to low specific capacity and poor rate capacity, limiting the further application of MVPF cathodes in large-scale energy storage. Accordingly, several modification strategies have been proposed to improve the performance of MVPF such as conductive coating, morphological regulation, and heteroatomic doping, which boost the electronic conductivity of these cathodes and enhance Na (K) ion transportation. Furthermore, the development and application of MVPF cathodes in SIBs at low temperatures are also outlined. Finally, we present a brief summary of the remaining challenges and corresponding strategies for the future development of MVPF cathodes.

Architecting fire safe hierarchical polymer nanocomposite films with excellent electromagnetic interference shielding via interface engineering.

Integrating high flame retardancy and excellent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding into polymetric materials is extremely necessary, and well dispersing conductive fillers into polymeric materials is still a great challenge because of incompatible interfacial polarity between polymer matrix and conductive fillers. Therefore, under the premise of maintaining integral conductive films in the process of hot compression, constructing a novel EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites where conductive films closely adhere to polymer nanocmposites layers should be a fascinating stratety. In this work, salicylaldehyde-modified chitosan decorated titanium carbide nanohybrid (Ti3C2Tx-SCS) was combined with piperazine-modified ammonium polyphosphate (PA-APP) to fabricate thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) nanocomposites, which were used for construction of hierarchical nanocomposite films by inserting reduced graphene oxide (rGO) films into TPU/PA-APP/Ti3C2Tx-SCS nanocomposite layers through our self-developed air assisted hot pressing technique. The total heat release, total smoke release and total carbon monoxide yield for TPU nanocomposite containing 4.0 wt% Ti3C2Tx-SCS nanohybrid were 58.0%, 58.4% and 75.8% lower than those of pristine TPU, respectively. Besides, the hierarchical TPU nanocomposite film containing 1.0 wt% Ti3C2Tx-SCS presented an averaged EMI shielding effectiveness of 21.3 dB in X band. This work provides a promising strategy for fabricating fire safe and EMI shielding polymer nanocomposites.

A Multifunctional Interphase Layer Enabling Superior Sodium-Metal Batteries under Ambient Temperature and -40 °C.

The sodium (Na)-metal anode with high theoretical capacity and low cost is promising for construction of high-energy-density metal batteries. However, the unsatisfactory interface between Na and the liquid electrolyte induces tardy ion transfer kinetics and dendritic Na growth, especially at ultralow temperature (-40 °C). Herein, an artificial heterogeneous interphase consisting of disodium selenide (Na2 Se) and metal vanadium (V) is produced on the surface of Na (Na@Na2 Se/V) via an in situ spontaneous chemical reaction. Such interphase layer possesses high sodiophilicity, excellent ionic conductivity, and high Young's modulus, which can promote Na-ion adsorption and transport, realizing homogenous Na deposition without dendrites. The symmetric Na@Na2 Se/V cell exhibits outstanding cycling life span of over 1790 h (0.5 mA cm-2 /1 mAh cm-2 ) in carbonate-based electrolyte. More remarkably, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the artificial Na2 Se/V hybrid interphase can accelerate the desolvation of solvated Na+ at -40 °C. The Na@Na2 Se/V electrode thus exhibits exceptional electrochemical performance in symmetric cell (over 1500 h at 0.5 mA cm-2 /0.5 mAh cm-2 ) and full cell (over 700 cycles at 0.5 C) at -40 °C. This work provides an avenue to design artificial heterogeneous interphase layers for superior high-energy-density metal batteries at ambient and ultralow temperatures.

Synergistic Function between Phosphorus-Containing Flame Retardant and Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes towards Fire Safe Polystyrene Composites with Enhanced Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

As a universal polymer material, polystyrene (PS) is widely applied in electrical devices and construction. Thus, it is necessary to improve the flame retardancy and electromagnetic shielding properties of PS material. In this work, PS/silicon-wrapped ammonium polyphosphate/Inorganic acid-treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes composites (PS/SiAPP/aMWCNT, abbreviated as PAC) were prepared via methods of filtration-induced assembly and hot-pressing. Morphology and structure characterization demonstrated that SiAPP and aMWCNT had good dispersion in PS and excellent compatibility with the PS matrix. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the addition of aMWCNT to PS improved its thermal stability and carbon-forming characteristics. The peak heat release rate, the peak carbon monoxide production rate, and the peak smoke production rate of the PAC10 composite decreased by 53.7%, 41.9%, and 45.5%, respectively, while its electromagnetic shielding effectiveness reached 12 dB. These enhancements were attributed to the reason that SiAPP and aMWCNT synergistically catalyzed the char generation and SiAPP produced free radical scavengers and numbers of incombustible gases, which could decrease the oxygen concentration and retard the combustion reaction. Therefore, the assembled PS/SiAPP/aMWCNT system provides a new pathway to improve the flame retardant and electromagnetic shielding properties of PS.

Multi-component surface engineering of Na3V2(PO4)2O2F for low-temperature (-40 °C) sodium-ion batteries.

A functional Na3V2(PO4)2O2F (NVPOF) cathode with a multi-component (Na3V(PO4)2, V2O3, and reduced graphene oxide) surface coating is developed via a facile hydrothermal reaction followed by calcination, and exhibits high reversible capability, and long-term cycling stability even at a low temperature of -40 °C. It is demonstrated that the multi-component-coating layer can significantly accelerate the e-/Na+ transport and reduce the interfacial resistance at low temperature. This work provides a novel strategy to boost the kinetics and stability of electrode materials for low-temperature sodium ion batteries.

Functional MXene-Based Materials for Next-Generation Rechargeable Batteries.

MXenes are seen as an exceptional candidate to reshape the future of energy with their viable surface chemistry, ultrathin 2D structure, and excellent electronic conductivity. The extensive research efforts bring about rapid expansion of the MXene families with enriched functionalities, which significantly boost performance of the existing energy-storage devices. In this review, the strategies that are developed to functionalize the MXene-based materials, including tailoring their microstructure by ions/molecules/polymers-initiated interaction or self-assembly, surface/interface engineering with dopants or functional groups, constructing heterostructures from MXenes with various materials, and transforming them into a series of derivatives inheriting the merits of the MXene precursors are highlighted. Their applications in emerging battery technologies are demonstrated and discussed. With delicate functionalization and structural engineering, MXene-based electrode materials exhibit improved specific capacity and rate capability, and their presence further suppresses and even eliminates dendrite formation on the metal anodes, which lengthens the lifespan of the rechargeable batteries. Meanwhile, MXenes serve as additives for electrolytes, separators, and current collectors. Finally, some future directions worth of exploration to address the remaining challenging issues of MXene-based materials and achieve the next-generation high-power and low-cost rechargeable batteries are proposed.

A sodiophilic VN interlayer stabilizing a Na metal anode.

Sodium (Na) metal is a very encouraging anode material for next-generation rechargeable batteries owing to its high specific capacity, earth-abundance and low-cost. However, the application of Na metal anodes (SMAs) is hampered by dendrite growth and "dead" Na formation caused by the uncontrollable Na deposition, leading to poor cycle life and even safety concerns. Herein, a high-performance Na anode is designed by introducing an artificial VN interlayer on the Na metal surface (Na/VN) by a simple mechanical rolling process to regulate Na nucleation/deposition behaviors. The density functional theory (DFT) and experiment results uncover that the VN possesses high "sodiophilicity", which can facilitate the initially homogeneous Na nucleation and cause Na to distribute evenly on the VN interlayer. Therefore, uniform Na deposition with dendrite-free morphology and prolonged cycling lifespan (over 1060 h at 0.5 mA cm-2/1 mA h cm-2) can be realized. Moreover, the full cell assembled by coupling a Na3V2(PO4)3 (NVP) cathode and Na/VN anode presents superior cycling performance (e.g., 96% capacity retention even after 800 cycles at 5C). This work provides a promising direction for regulating Na nucleation and deposition to achieve dendrite-free metal anodes.

Structure Engineering of Vanadium Tetrasulfides for High-Capacity and High-Rate Sodium Storage.

Structure engineering of electrode materials can significantly improve the life cycle and rate capability of the sodium-ion battery (SIB), yet remains a challenging task due to the lack of an effective synthetic strategy. Herein, the microstructure of VS4 hollow spheres is successfully engineered through a facile hydrothermal method. The hollow VS4 microspheres possess rich porosity and are covered with 2D ultrathin nanosheets on the surface. The finite element simulation (FES) reveals that such heterostructures can effectively relieve the stress induced by the sodiation and thereby enhance the structural integrity. The SIB with the hollow VS4 microspheres as anode displays impressively high specific capacity, excellent stability upon ultra-long cycling, and extraordinary rate capacity, e.g., a reversible capacity of ≈378 mA h g-1 at ultra-high 10 A g-1 , while retaining 73.2% capacity after 1000 cycles. The Na storage mechanism is also elucidated through in situ/ex situ characterizations. Moreover, the hollow VS4 microspheres demonstrate reliable rate performance at a low temperature of -40 °C (e.g., the capacity is ≈163 mA h g-1 at 2 A g-1 ). This work provides novel insights toward high-performance SIBs.

Constructing segregated polystyrene composites for excellent fire resistance and electromagnetic wave shielding.

Electroconductive polystyrene (PS) composites with ideal flame-retardant properties are considered as potential electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials. In this work, PS/silicon wrapped ammonium polyphosphate/multi-wall carbon nanotubes (PS/SiAPP/MWCNT) composites with segregated structure were synthesized via the methods of balling mill and hot-pressing. The obtained results revealed that the SiAPP and MWCNT were successfully introduced onto PS spheres and showed uniform distribution on the PS surface. The thermogravimetric analysis showed that PS/SiAPP/MWCNT containing 7 wt% MWCNT exhibited excellent thermal stability. Furthermore, the results of cone calorimeter test indicated that the heat release rate and total heat release of the PS/SiAPP/MWCNT containing a loading of 7 wt% MWCNT were reduced by 60.5% and 33.9%, respectively. In addition, the EMI shielding performance could reach 11 dB. Above results implied that the synergistic effect between the MWCNT and SiAPP effectively enhanced the flame retardant performance of the PS by promoting the generation of dense and continuous char layer to protect the PS from burning. The multiple reflection and adsorption are responsible for improved EMI shielding effectiveness. Therefore, segregated PS/SiAPP/MWCNT hybrid is an up-and-coming candidate for satisfactory EMI shielding materials with exceptional fire retardancy for electronic devices.

Lightweight, amphipathic and fire-resistant prGO/MXene spherical beads for rapid elimination of hazardous chemicals.

Frequent leaks of hazardous chemicals have a huge impact on human lives, property and the ecological environment. Therefore, the three-dimensional functional porous materials with high absorption efficiency and special wettability for the disposal of hazardous chemical spills is an urgent demand. In this work, a series of spherical beads consisting of partially reduced graphene oxide (prGO) and MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets were constructed by hydrogen bond induced self-assembly along with freeze-drying and thermal treatment. The lightweight and amphipathic prGO/MXene spherical beads (prGMSBDs) had millimeter-level size, spherical morphology and highly porous internal structure, which were especially suitable for eliminating hazardous chemicals. Because of their excellent thermal stability and fire retardance, the prGMSBDs could be used to absorb flammable organic liquids, reducing the fire risk of the flammable hazardous chemical spills. Indeed, the prGMSBDs exhibited outstanding absorption performances for various hazardous chemicals, including organic solvents and water-based concentrated acid and alkali. Moreover, the prGMSBDs showed relatively stable absorption performance after five absorption-drying cycles. Due to meeting the requirements of both amphipathic characteristic and flame retardancy, the prGMSBDs reported in this work may offer a promising strategy for rapidly cleaning up various hazardous chemicals and open a feasible route to protecting the combustible hazardous chemical spills from fire.

MXene-Coated Wrinkled Fabrics for Stretchable and Multifunctional Electromagnetic Interference Shielding and Electro/Photo-Thermal Conversion Applications.

Stretchability and multifunctional heating abilities are highly desired for wearable electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding fabrics to tackle the growing electromagnetic pollution for special crowd, such as pregnant women. Herein, we fabricated stretchable MXene-coated thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) fabrics by simple uniaxial prestretching and spraying methods. The obtained unique wrinkled structure endowed the film with effective strain-invariant electrical conductivity and EMI shielding properties. Specifically, the prepared stretchable film with an extremely low MXene loading (0.417 mg cm-2) exhibited a stable EMI shielding effectiveness of approximately 30 dB under 50% tensile strain and durability during stretching and bending cycles. More importantly, owing to the high electrical conductivity and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect of the MXene layer, the stretchable fabrics exhibited excellent Joule heating (up to 104 °C at a voltage of 5 V) and superior photothermal conversion abilities. Moreover, the unique wrinkled MXene-coating layer not only endows the fabrics with stretchable heat abilities but also enhances the photothermal conversion performance by increasing the light absorption area and travel path. We believe that this study offers a novel strategy for the versatile design of stretchable and multifunctional wearable shielding fabrics.

Ultrafast Potassium Storage in F-Induced Ultra-High Edge-Defective Carbon Nanosheets.

Carbonaceous materials have been considered as promising anodes for potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) because of their high electronic conductivity, eco-friendliness, and structural stability. However, the small interlayer spacing and serious volume expansion caused by the repeated insertion/extraction of large K-ions restrict their potassium-ion storage performance. Herein, F and N codoped carbon nanosheets (FNCS) with rich-edge defects are designed to resolve these problems. The F doping is in favor of the formation of more edge defects in the carbon layer, offering strong K+ adsorption capability and promoting the K+ storage. The ultrathin carbon nanosheets can provide a large contact area for the electrochemical reactions and shorten the transportation pathways for both K-ions and electrons. Consequently, the FNCS anode shows a high reversible capacity (610 mAh g-1 at 0.1 A g-1) and ultrastable cyclability over 4000 cycles at 5 A g-1. Moreover, K-ion full cells (FNCS|K2FeFe(CN)6) display excellent cycling stability (128 mAh g-1 at 1 A g-1 after 500 cycles) and rate capability (93 mAh g-1 at 20 A g-1). This design strategy can be extended to design other electrode materials for high-performance energy storage, such as magnesium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and electrocatalysis.

Gas sensing materials roadmap.

Gas sensor technology is widely utilized in various areas ranging from home security, environment and air pollution, to industrial production. It also hold great promise in non-invasive exhaled breath detection and an essential device in future internet of things. The past decade has witnessed giant advance in both fundamental research and industrial development of gas sensors, yet current efforts are being explored to achieve better selectivity, higher sensitivity and lower power consumption. The sensing layer in gas sensors have attracted dominant attention in the past research. In addition to the conventional metal oxide semiconductors, emerging nanocomposites and graphene-like two-dimensional materials also have drawn considerable research interest. This inspires us to organize this comprehensive 2020 gas sensing materials roadmap to discuss the current status, state-of-the-art progress, and present and future challenges in various materials that is potentially useful for gas sensors.

Superhydrophobic cellulose acetate/multiwalled carbon nanotube monolith with fiber cluster network for selective oil/water separation.

Porous cellulose acetate/carboxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CA/OMWNTs) monolith with superhydrophobicity (155°) and superoleophilicity (∼0°) was first prepared using a facile and green phase separation method. Benefiting from the unique three-dimensional (3D) fiber cluster network structure, the as-prepared CA/OMWNTs monolith reveals a high porosity (93.7 %) and a large specific surface area (85.36 m2/g). As an oil adsorption material, the superhydrophobic porous monolith is able to adsorb the different kinds of organic solvents and oils from water efficiently and selectively with saturated adsorption capacities from 7.39 to 19.84 g g-1. Moreover, the porous monolith exhibits an excellent durability with the highly stable wettability and oil/water separation no matter at different pH (1-14) conditions or extreme temperatures (-20-160 °C). Besides, the CA/OMWNTs monolith also could continuously and rapidly separate oils/organic solvents from oil/water mixtures via a simple and home-made pump-assisted adsorption device, showing potential application in large-area remediation of oily wastewater.