The Outcomes of Adult Acquired Buried Penis Surgical Reconstruction.

Adult Acquired Buried Penis (AABP) is a morbid condition that often requires surgical intervention. This retrospective study of 46 patients who underwent AABP surgery from November 2017 to July 2023 evaluates surgical outcomes, functional outcomes, and patient-reported outcomes. The median follow-up (FU) was 46 months. Patients were categorized by surgical complexity using the Pariser classification, with 76.1% undergoing high-complexity procedures (Pariser ≥ III). Common comorbidities included obesity (58.7%), prior circumcision (52.2%), and hypertension (52.2%). The low-complexity group had a shorter hospital stay (p = 0.02). No other significant differences were noted between groups in terms of Body Mass Index, operative time, or FU. Sexual dysfunction (45.7%) and urinary issues (38.1%) were the main reasons for surgical consultation. Skin grafting was required in 63.0% of patients; partial graft loss was more common in full thicknes skin graft group (p = 0.04). Postoperative complications occurred in 32.6% of patients, 13.3% of which were classified severe (Clavien ≥ III). The median increase in stretched penile length was 2 cm. The recurrence rate was 21.7%. The 12-month recurrence-free survival rate was 89.1%. All groups saw significant improvements in urinary and sexual function post-surgery (p < 0.05), and high patient satisfaction was reported (90.3%). Despite the complication rate, AABP surgery significantly improves quality of life, with ongoing advancements in technique anticipated to enhance outcomes further.

Functional outcomes of organ sparing surgery for penile cancer confined to glans and premalignant lesions.

The first-line treatment of penile cancer confined to the glans (Tis-T2) is based on organ-sparing approaches. Our aim is to report functional outcomes of total glans resurfacing (TGR), wide local excision (WLE) and glansectomy. A retrospective analysis was conducted from January 2013 to October 2022. Ninety-nine patients were enrolled (22 TGR, 29 WLE, and 48 glansectomy). Sexual and urinary outcomes were explored using ad hoc and validated questionnaires (IIEF-15 and IPSS). The mean follow-up was 25.28 ± 24.87 months [95% CI: 20.38; 30.18]. 44 patients (12 TGR, 10 WLE, and 22 glansectomy) were assessed for functional outcomes. Overall, 86.36% of patients were satisfied with the surgery. The mean IIEF-15 score pre-operation was 54.91 ± 21.38 [95% CI: 48.41-61.41], and at 12 months post-operation, it was 44.39 ± 23.01 [95% CI: 37.39-51.39], with the change being statistically significant (mean difference: -10.52, (-19.15), p < 0.001). During the 0-12-month interval, IIEF-15 scores decreased across all techniques. Glansectomy and WLE showed significant decreases (Glansectomy: -12.955, -24.14%, [95% CI: -21.52, -4.38], p = 0.002; WLE: -14.1, -22.92%, [95% CI: -26.8, -1.39], p = 0.025 respectively), whereas TGR experienced a non-significant decrease (-3.083, -5.97%, CI: [-14.68, 8.51], p = 1.0). Concerning urinary function, only 18.18% of overall patients reported a negative impact of surgery. At 12-months, patients returned almost to pre-intervention IPSS values. Organ-sparing surgery guarantees a decent preservation of both erectile and voiding functions. TGR seems to provide better sexual outcomes when compared to other organ sparing approaches.

No difference between split-thickness and full-thickness skin grafts for surgical repair in adult acquired buried penis regarding surgical and functional outcomes: a comparative retrospective analysis.

Adult Acquired Buried Penis (AABP) is a pathological condition necessitating surgical correction, ranging from simple to complex procedures involving the utilization of full-thickness (FTSG) or split-thickness (STSG) skin grafts especially in cases of substantial viable penile skin loss. In this retrospective study, we aimed to compare the surgical, functional, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) of graft types that were utilized to treat AABP among 39 patients at a single center between November 2017 and May 2023. Among these patients, 22 needed skin grafts, with 9 undergoing FTSG and the remainder receiving STSG. Lichen Sclerosus (LS) was the primary cause (54.6%) of AABP requiring skin grafts. Patients primarily presented with voiding (63.6%) and sexual (27.3%) dysfunction. The STSG group had a lower mean age (64.7 ± 11.6) than the FTSG group (66.7 ± 11.6; P = 0.015), with no significant differences in BMI (p = 0.643). Complex repairs (Santucci grade ≥3) were performed in 81.0% of cases, with 88.9% in the FTSG group and 75.0% in the STSG group. Operative times were similar (160.2 ± 31.7 vs 161.5 ± 50.3, p = 0.945). No significant differences in preoperative penis length were found between the FTSG and STSG groups (P = 0.918). Postoperative complications occurred in 36.4% of patients, with severe complications (Clavien grade ≥3) in 9.1%. General postoperative complications and recurrence rates did not significantly differ between groups (P = 0.397 and 0.375; respectively). Functional outcomes, evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function and the International Prostate Symptom Score, improved significantly in both groups after surgical procedures (P < 0.001 for all). Patient-reported satisfaction for the operation was 81.3% calculated by ad-hoc questionnaire. In conclusion, no discernible differences in outcomes were observed between STSG and FTSG. Larger comparative studies with extended follow-up periods and validated questionnaires are warranted for confirmation. Physicians should consider specialized centers for AABP surgical repair due to its intricacies.

Bioengineered dermal matrix (Integra®) reduces donor site morbidity in total phallic construction with radial artery forearm free-flap.

Total phallic construction with radial artery forearm free-flap (RAFFF) is widely regarded as the gold standard approach for phalloplasty. However, donor-site morbidity remains a significant concern, which is typically managed by using a full-thickness skin graft (FTSG) on the forearm. Split thickness skin grafts (STSG) have been proposed as an alternative, along with the use of an acellular dermal matrix substitute. A retrospective comparative analysis was performed to assess the differences in operative, functional and cosmetic outcomes between FTSG (Group A) and the combination of acellular dermal matrix with STSG (Group B). A retrospective cohort study was conducted on all patients who underwent total phallic construction with RAFFF, between 2016 and 2021. Post-operative surgical and functional outcomes were evaluated using validated tools. A total of 34 patients were included in the study, with 18 patients (52.9%) in Group A and 16 patients (47.1%) in Group B. Group B demonstrated a significant advantage in terms of healing time (24 days vs. 30 days, p = 0.003) and complete graft take (93.8% vs. 27.8%, p = 0.001). Group B also had significantly shorter operative times (310 min vs. 447 min, p = 0.001) and a reduced median hospital stay (8 days vs. 10 days, p = 0.001). Satisfaction with cosmesis was significantly higher in Group B (93.8% vs. 66.7%, p = 0.048).

The outcomes of penile prosthesis in neurologic patients: a multicentric retrospective series.

Introduction: Neurological disease is a known entity for causing erectile dysfunction (ED). Pharmacological therapies are not always effective these patients - penile prosthesis implant (PPI) is an established surgical treatment option. For a variety of reasons, neurological patients may experience differing outcomes of PPI compared to those whose ED arises from other causes. We investigated outcomes of PPI in neurological patients using the Italian multi-institutional national registry of penile prostheses [Italian Nationwide Systematic Inventarization of Surgical Treatment for ED (INSIST-ED)]. Methods: Patients undergoing PPI were investigated via the INSIST-ED registry, from 2014 to 2021. Data were prospectively recorded by 45 surgeons on a dedicated website (www.registro.andrologiaitaliana.it) and reviewed by a data manager. We subselected patients with neurological disease undergoing PPI for ED, and these patients were reviewed at 3, 6, and 12 months, and annually thereafter. Postoperative complications and functional outcomes were evaluated through validated questionnaires [International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), Sexual Encounter Profile 2-3, and Erectile Dysfunction Inventory of Treatment Satisfaction (EDITS)]. A nonvalidated questionnaire was administered to assess patient satisfaction. Results: A total of 33 patients were included with a median age of 49 [interquartile range (IQR) 41-55]. Median follow-up was 83 months (IQR 67-99.5). A penoscrotal approach for PPI was performed in most cases (90.9%), while infrapubic was used in three cases (9.1%). Inflatable and malleable devices were implanted in 30 (90.9%) and 3 cases (9.1%), respectively. Intraoperative complications occurred in one case (3%). Early postoperative complications (<90 days) were observed in three cases (9.1%): two wound dehiscence (Clavien-Dindo G1 and G3a respectively) and one device infection requiring prosthesis explant (Clavien-Dindo G3a). Mechanical failures of inflatable devices were not observed during the follow-up period. Median IIEF-5 before surgery was 8 (IQR 7-9). At the latest follow-up, IIEF-5 was 22 (IQR 19-23.5), and median EDITS was 79 (IQR 64-88). A total of 28 patients (84.8%) self-reported to be fully satisfied with the PPI. Conclusion: Although PPI in the neurological population has been historically considered to be at increased risk, in our study, PPI complications and infections rates in this cohort did not differ from general population.

Onco-TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction): Insights from a Tertiary Center and Comprehensive Literature Analysis.

Background and Objectives: The peak of incidence of testicular cancer (TC) occurs among individuals in their reproductive age, emphasizing the importance of fertility preservation as an integral aspect of disease management. Sperm cryopreservation performed before orchiectomy is ineffective in azoospermic men, necessitating alternative approaches such as microdissection testicular sperm extraction (mTESE) at the time of orchiectomy (onco-mTESE) to obtain viable sperm. This study presents the findings from our institution's experience with onco-mTESE and critically discusses our results in light of the existing body of literature. Materials and Methods: This is a tertiary center retrospective analysis of onco-mTESE procedures performed at a single center between December 2011 and July 2022. The included patients were post-puberal men with testicular tumors requiring orchiectomy, along with concomitant severe oligozoospermia or azoospermia. Bilateral mTESE was performed in all cases. Surgical outcomes, sperm retrieval rates, the usage of preserved viable sperm, assistive reproductive techniques' results, and post-operative serum testosterone were recorded. Results: A total of nine patients were included, with a median age of 34 (IQR 29-36) years. All patients had germ cell tumors (GCTs), with seminomatous and non-seminomatous GCTs accounting for 44.4% (n = 4) and 55.6% (n = 5) of patients, respectively. Sperm retrieval occurred in three (33%) patients: one patient in the ipsilateral testis, one in the contralateral testis, and one in both testes. No complications were reported during the procedure, and no post-operative hypogonadism was observed. Among the three patients with successful sperm retrieval, an intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) was performed in two patients, resulting in two pregnancies, leading to one healthy live birth and one miscarriage. Conclusions: In the context of TC, it is essential to conduct a thorough evaluation of testicular function, including a semen analysis and cryopreservation. Onco-mTESE has proven its safety in preserving fertility in azoospermic cases while ensuring the efficacy of oncological treatment.

Surgical and Functional Outcomes of Penile Amputation and Perineal Urethrostomy Configuration in Invasive Penile Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The treatment of invasive penile cancer is based on partial or total penectomy and perineal urethrostomy configuration.1-3 To report surgical and functional outcomes of penile amputation and perineal urethrostomy configuration in a consecutive series of patients with invasive penile cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A single-center retrospective analysis was conducted from January 2018 to December 2022. Data were extracted from clinical records and operative notes. As primary outcomes, surgical complications were described. Oncological outcomes through cancer-specific survival and overall survival were analyzed. Patient survival was estimated by a Kaplan-Meier analysis. Functional outcomes were assessed through the administration of the International Prostatic Symptoms Score (IPSS) questionnaire at 3 months follow-up. RESULTS: Overall 10 patients were enrolled. The median follow-up was 16 months (Interquartile range (IQR 12-18)). The median age was 71 years (IQR 63-79). Operative time was set at 195 minutes (IQR 155-275). The median hospital stay was 8 days (IQR: 6-10). Postoperative complications occurred in 20% of patients, in 1 case surgical revision was necessary. Positive surgical margins were detected only in 1 patient. The median catheterization time was 15 days (IQR: 15-32). One patient developed local recurrence. At 1 year, the cancer-specific survival was 80% and overall survival was 60%. The median preoperative IPSS was 15 (IQR 12-19). The median postoperative IPSS was 6 (IQR 5-7). CONCLUSION: Penile amputation and perineal urethrostomy configuration was demonstrated to be a safe and effective procedure to address invasive penile cancer.

The outcomes of surgical management options for adult acquired buried penis.

Functional and surgical outcomes after surgical correction of adult acquired buried penis (AABP) are limited in the current literature. We retrospectively recruited patients underwent surgical treatment of AABP in a single institution from 2017 to 2021. Surgical repair was classified according to surgical complexity following Pariser-Santucci's classification. The primary endpoint of the study was the recurrence-free rate survival. The secondary endpoints were surgical, functional and patients' reported outcomes. Overall 28 patients were included in the study. Median follow-up was 27.5 (18.5-34.5). The most common complaints at presentation were sexual (53.6%) and voiding (39.3%) dysfunction. Surgical management steps ranged from circumcision to more complex procedures, such as suprapubic fat pad excision, abdominoplasty and/or penile shaft skin grafting. Overall postoperative complications were recorded in 32.1%. High-grade complications (Clavien≥3) occurred in 7.1%. One-year recurrence-free survival was 88.7%. Postoperatively IPSS and IIEF-15 questionnaires showed a significant improvement in urinary 8 (0-12) vs 2 (0-3), p = 0.03 and sexual function 37 (23-68) vs 68 (45-72), p = 0.001 respectively. Overall, patients reported functional improvement and 93.8% experienced a positive impact of QoL. AABP surgical repair, despite the high incidence of complications, seems to allow satisfactory outcomes and a significant improvement in patients' QoL.

Combined Trifocal and Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction Enhances Sperm Retrieval Rate in Low-Chance Retrieval Non-Obstructive Azoospermia.

Background: Low-chance retrieval non-obstructive azoospermic (NOA) patients are a subpopulation of NOA patients. The objective of this study is to compare the surgical outcome of microsurgical-assisted testicular sperm extraction (M-TeSE) and combined trifocal/M-TeSE in low-chance retrieval NOA patients. Material and Methods: A single-center retrospective analysis of NOA patients who underwent testicular sperm extraction was performed. Low-chance retrieval NOA (testicular volume < 10 cc and FSH > 12.4 UI/L) was set as the inclusion criteria. Re-do TeSE procedures were excluded from the current analysis. Data were extrapolated from clinical records and operative notes. We compared data from patients who underwent classic M-TeSE (group A) with that from patients submitted to combined trifocal/M-TeSE (group B). Sperm retrieval rate (SRr) was the primary outcome of the study. Surgical outcomes and postoperative complications were evaluated. A multivariate analysis was conducted to investigate predictive factors for positive SR. Results: Overall, 80 patients (60 patients in Group A and 20 patients in Group B) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The average (SD) age was 35 (8.2) years. The average preoperative FSH was 27.5 (13) UI/L. The average testicular volume was 6.3 (3) cc on the left side and 6.8 (2.5) cc on the right. Groups were similar in terms of preoperative parameters. The overall SRr was 28%. Patients in group B had higher SRr than those in group A (29.4% vs. 26.9%, p < 0.03). We identified a significant association between testicular histopathology and positive SR (hypospermatogenesis 100%, spermatogenic arrest 32%, and Sertoli cell-only syndrome 22%). The histopathology report was the only significant predicting factor for SR in the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: The combined trifocal and M-TeSE approach is safe and may represent a valuable approach to enhance the SRr in low-chance retrieval NOA. The histopathology report is confirmed to be the only valuable predicting factor for a positive SR.

The Outcomes of Glansectomy and Split Thickness Skin Graft Reconstruction for Invasive Penile Cancer Confined to Glans.

OBJECTIVE: To report surgical, functional and patient reported outcomes(PROs) of glansectomy(GS), and split-thickness skin graft(STSG) reconstruction in case of locally invasive penile cancer(PC) MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis from May 2015 to August 2019 was conducted. Inclusion criteria were age<80, a "de novo" malignancy, clinically confined PC (≤T2) with histologic confirmation. Complications, recurrence-free(RFS), cancer-free(CFS) and overall survival(OS) were described. Functional outcomes and PROs were explored using validated questionnaires and "ad hoc" created questionnaire respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis, t-Student and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to estimate survival and postsurgical functional changes respectively. RESULTS: 34 patients were enrolled. Median follow-up was 12(IQR:12-41) months. Positive surgical margins were detected in 2.9% of cases, requiring salvage surgery. Postoperative complications occurred in 29.4%, most commonly being a graft partial loss (17.6%), meatal stenosis (5.8%) or genital wound infection (5.8%). Disease recurrence occurred in 17.6% of cases with a median elapsed time of 16 months (12-41). 12-month RFS was 88.2%, whilst CSS and OS were 91% at the same time point. Glans sensation was preserved in 91.2% of cases. 88.2% of patients reported to be fully satisfied with the postoperative aesthetic appearance of the penis, 91.2% of patients would recommend the same procedure to someone else. Limitations include retrospective design and the lack of a control group CONCLUSION: GS with STSG minimizes the impact on urinary and sexual functions without jeopardizing oncological control in locally advanced PC.