RESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively compare the clinical outcomes of percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) and cholecystectomy in patients with acute cholecystitis admitted to an urban University Hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We studied 646 patients with acute cholecystitis. Ninety patients had placement of a PC at their index hospitalization, and 556 underwent cholecystectomy. Of the 90 patients with PC, 13 underwent subsequent elective cholecystectomy. RESULTS: Overall, in-hospital mortality and postoperative complications were significantly higher in patients who received PC than in those who underwent cholecystectomy. In the ASA score 1-2 group, patients with PC were significantly older and had a longer postoperative stay while their mortality and morbidity were similar to patients who underwent cholecystectomy. In patients with ASA score of 3, PC and cholecystectomy did not differ significantly for demographic variables and clinical outcomes such as hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, postoperative complications and distribution of complications according to the classification of Clavien-Dildo. In mild, moderate, and severe cholecystitis, patients who underwent PC were significantly older than those who received cholecystectomy. In general, in mild, moderate and severe cholecystitis, the clinical outcomes did not differ significantly between patients who received PC and cholecystectomy. Morbidity was higher in patients with mild cholecystitis who underwent PC. Of the 77 patients dismissed from the hospital with drainage, 12 (15.6%) developed biliary complications and 5 needed substitutions of the drainage itself. CONCLUSIONS: PC does not offer advantages compared to cholecystectomy in the treatment of acute cholecystitis. Its routine use is therefore questioned. There is need of an adequate, randomized study that compares PC and cholecystectomy in high-risk patients with moderate-severe cholecystitis.
Asunto(s)
Colecistectomía , Colecistostomía , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Colecistectomía/efectos adversos , Colecistitis Aguda/cirugía , Colecistostomía/efectos adversos , Femenino , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Humanos , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Surgical site infection (SSI) rate is reported to range around 16%. Preoperative skin disinfection is keystone for SSI reduction. Chlorhexidine-alcohol has been reported to be more effective than Povidone-iodine (PVI). However, in many countries established habits and the inferior costs of PVI restrain the employment of chlorhexidine disinfection kits (ChloraPrep®) for the preparation of the surgical field. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The costs of surgical field preparation in clean-contaminated surgery utilizing PVI (Betadine) and chlorhexidine alcohol and the evaluation of surgeon compliance and satisfaction, were studied by a observational study on 50 surgical operations in which surgical field was prepared with PVI checking established guidelines, and on 50 surgical operations in which chlorhexidine-alcohol (ChloraPrep) was employed. The use of auxiliary material was tabulated as well as the timing of the phases of disinfection and the surgeon's opinions. RESULTS: The use of auxiliary material (gloves, gauzes, paper towels, surgical instruments, small swabs for umbilical cleaning) is associated with the type of disinfectant, with major use of auxiliary materials recorded in PVI disinfection. PVI disinfection does not follow stringent guidelines, in particular waiting for the disinfectant to dry. PVI guidelines are more demanding than those relative to ChloraPrep. The time necessary for the preparation of the field is significantly longer for PVI. Auxiliary material and guideline compliance must be taken into account when calculating costs; the former are direct costs (even though marginal) and the latter can determine major infective risk. CONCLUSIONS: Chlorhexidine in kits is easier and faster to use than PVI, requires less auxiliary material and has been shown previously to reduce SSI in clean contaminated surgery.
Asunto(s)
2-Propanol/administración & dosificación , Antiinfecciosos Locales/administración & dosificación , Clorhexidina/análogos & derivados , Desinfección/métodos , Povidona Yodada/administración & dosificación , Infección de la Herida Quirúrgica/prevención & control , 2-Propanol/economía , Antiinfecciosos Locales/economía , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Clorhexidina/administración & dosificación , Clorhexidina/economía , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Desinfección/economía , Desinfección/normas , Costos de Hospital , Humanos , Povidona Yodada/economía , Guías de Práctica Clínica como Asunto , Cuidados Preoperatorios , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Gastro-jejunal anastomotic leak and internal hernia can be life-threatening complications of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGBP), ranging from 0.1-4.3% and from 0.8-4.5% respectively. The safety and efficacy of a fibrin glue (Tissucol) was assessed when placed around the anastomoses and over the mesenteric openings for prevention of anastomotic leaks and internal hernias after LRYGBP. METHODS: A prospective, randomized, multicenter, clinical trial commenced in January 2004. Patients with BMI 40-59 kg/m2, aged 21-60 years, undergoing LRYGBP, were randomized into: 1) study group (fibrin glue applied on the gastro-jejunal and jejuno-jejunal anastomoses and the mesenteric openings); 2) control group (no fibrin glue, but suture of the mesenteric openings). 322 patients, 161 for each arm, will be enrolled for an estimated period of 24 months. Sex, age, operative time, time to postoperative oral diet and hospital stay, early and late complications rates are evaluated. An interim evaluation was conducted after 15 months. RESULTS: To April 2005, 204 patients were randomized: 111 in the control group (mean age 39.0+/-11.6 years, BMI 46.4 +/- 8.2) and 93 in the fibrin glue group (mean age 42.9+/-11.7 years, BMI 46.9+/-6.4). There was no mortality or conversion in both groups; no differences in operative time and postoperative hospital stay were recorded. Time to postoperative oral diet was shorter for the fibrin glue group (P = 0.0044). Neither leaks nor internal hernias have occurred in the fibrin glue group. The incidence of leaks (2 cases, 1.8%) and the overall reoperation rate were higher in the control group (P=0.0165). CONCLUSION: The preliminary results suggest that Tissucol application has no adverse effects, is not time-consuming, and may be effective in preventing leaks and internal hernias in morbidly obese patients undergoing LRYGBP.
Asunto(s)
Anastomosis Quirúrgica/efectos adversos , Adhesivo de Tejido de Fibrina/uso terapéutico , Derivación Gástrica/efectos adversos , Hernia Abdominal/prevención & control , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anastomosis Quirúrgica/métodos , Estudios de Evaluación como Asunto , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Derivación Gástrica/métodos , Hernia Abdominal/etiología , Humanos , Laparoscopía/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad Mórbida/diagnóstico , Obesidad Mórbida/cirugía , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/prevención & control , Probabilidad , Estudios Prospectivos , Valores de Referencia , Medición de Riesgo , Sensibilidad y Especificidad , Adhesivos Tisulares/uso terapéutico , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
We report the case of a two years old, normally eating child, affected by organic macies and severe dystrophy. After the negative response of blood and laboratory examinations let us exclude a malabsorption syndrome, only the performance of neuro-radiologic exams showed evidence of a subthalamic tumor as the cause of a "Diencephalic syndrome". Diencephalic syndrome or Russell's syndrome is a diencephalic tumor induced disease, which sets in the first time of life. The disease clinical markers are a severe emaciation with appetite preservation and absence or very scarce evidence of any telltale neurological sign. The tumoral histo-pathology most frequently shows a low grade of malignancy astrocytoma, whose eradication is very often difficult because of particular anatomic site. Treatment of choice includes an excisional biopsy with chemotherapy and radiotherapy. We report a clinical case of long-term survival and review of the literature.
Asunto(s)
Astrocitoma/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico , Diencéfalo , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Astrocitoma/terapia , Neoplasias Encefálicas/tratamiento farmacológico , Preescolar , Diencéfalo/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
We make a retrospective evaluation of clinical and radiologic features, treatment, and outcome of Erdheim-Chester disease, a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis. We report a case of Erdheim-Chester disease and review 60 cases from the literature. These cases are consider to have Erdheim-Chester disease when they have either typical bone radiographs (symmetrical long bones osteosclerosis) and/or histologic criteria disclosing histiocytic infiltration with distinctive immunohistochemical phenotype of the non-Langerhans cell histiocytes with positive staining for CD68 and negative staining for S-100 protein and CD1a. Our patient undergoes chemiotherapy according to the LCH-II stratification and therapy plan (Vinblastine, Etoposide and Prednisone) and thereafter receives Carboplatin and Etoposide, and Somatostatin. She is alive and clinically well 33 months after onset of symptoms and the lesions don't appear to progress at imaging examinations. In conclusion, Erdheim-Chester disease may be confused with Langerhans cell histiocytosis as it sometimes shares the same clinical (exophthalmos, diabetes insipidus) or radiologic (osteolytic lesions) findings. However, the characteristics radiological pattern of Erdheim-Chester disease together the immunohistochemical phenotype of hystiocytic infiltration supports the theory that Erdheim-Chester disease is a unique disease entity distinct.
Asunto(s)
Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/uso terapéutico , Carboplatino/administración & dosificación , Carboplatino/uso terapéutico , Niño , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Quimioterapia Combinada , Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester/diagnóstico , Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester/epidemiología , Enfermedad de Erdheim-Chester/genética , Etopósido/administración & dosificación , Etopósido/uso terapéutico , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hormonas/administración & dosificación , Hormonas/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Persona de Mediana Edad , Fenotipo , Prednisona/administración & dosificación , Prednisona/uso terapéutico , Radiografía , Somatostatina/administración & dosificación , Somatostatina/uso terapéutico , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vinblastina/administración & dosificación , Vinblastina/uso terapéuticoRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The optimal method for PBSC (peripheral blood stem cells) mobilization in pediatric patients is still unknown. The present study was conducted to evaluate the safety of apheresis procedures and to compare the efficacy of three methods of PBSC mobilization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Our study was performed on 28 pediatric patients (in three groups) with solid tumors at onset or on relapse. In two groups we tried to mobilize PBSC administering CHT (based on Carboplatin with Etoposide in the first group and Cyclophosphamide in the second group) followed by granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF); in the third group the mobilization regimen was based on G-CSF alone. RESULTS: Forty-nine mobilizations have been performed and a median of 6.5 CD34+ cells x 10(6)/Kg were collected, with a median number of one apheresis for each patient. Using Carboplatin with G-CSF and Cyclophosphamide with G-CSF we collected respectively a median value of 6.75 and 7.3 x 10(6) CD34+ cells/kg. The mobilization method based on G-CSF alone showed to be less effective (median of 4.3 CD34+ cells x 10(6)/kg collected). CONCLUSIONS: In our experience the mobilizing regimens based on Carboplatin or Cyclophosphamide associated with G-CSF resulted both effective and better than the one based on G-CSF alone with a scanty number of apheresis procedures.
Asunto(s)
Movilización de Célula Madre Hematopoyética/métodos , Neoplasias/terapia , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Antineoplásicos/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/administración & dosificación , Eliminación de Componentes Sanguíneos , Peso Corporal , Neoplasias Óseas/terapia , Carboplatino/administración & dosificación , Neoplasias Cerebelosas/terapia , Niño , Preescolar , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Etopósido/administración & dosificación , Femenino , Factor Estimulante de Colonias de Granulocitos/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Meduloblastoma/terapia , Neuroblastoma/terapia , Osteosarcoma/terapia , Rabdomiosarcoma/terapia , Sarcoma/terapia , Neoplasias de los Tejidos Blandos/terapia , Células Madre , Factores de TiempoAsunto(s)
Azitromicina/uso terapéutico , Hiperplasia Gingival/tratamiento farmacológico , Trasplante de Riñón , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Antibacterianos/efectos adversos , Antibacterianos/uso terapéutico , Área Bajo la Curva , Azitromicina/efectos adversos , Creatinina/sangre , Ciclosporina/sangre , Ciclosporina/farmacocinética , Ciclosporina/uso terapéutico , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/sangre , Inmunosupresores/farmacocinética , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Trasplante de Riñón/fisiología , Recurrencia , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Consentimiento Informado , Trasplante de Riñón/psicología , Educación del Paciente como Asunto , Técnicas Proyectivas , Cadáver , Ensayos Clínicos como Asunto , Método Doble Ciego , Pesar , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/efectos adversos , Trasplante de Riñón/inmunología , Donadores Vivos , Placebos/uso terapéutico , Diálisis Renal/psicología , Prueba de RorschachAsunto(s)
Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/efectos adversos , Inmunosupresores/efectos adversos , Infecciones/inducido químicamente , Trasplante de Riñón , Verapamilo/efectos adversos , Suero Antilinfocítico/efectos adversos , Suero Antilinfocítico/uso terapéutico , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/uso terapéutico , Rechazo de Injerto/epidemiología , Rechazo de Injerto/microbiología , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Incidencia , Verapamilo/uso terapéuticoAsunto(s)
Ciclosporina/farmacocinética , Ciclosporina/uso terapéutico , Rechazo de Injerto/epidemiología , Inmunosupresores/farmacocinética , Inmunosupresores/uso terapéutico , Trasplante de Riñón/inmunología , Adulto , Ciclosporina/sangre , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Monitoreo de Drogas , Rechazo de Injerto/prevención & control , Humanos , Inmunosupresores/sangre , Incidencia , Trasplante de Riñón/fisiología , Tasa de Depuración MetabólicaAsunto(s)
Inmunoglobulina A/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina G/inmunología , Inmunoglobulina M/inmunología , Inmunoglobulinas/inmunología , Isoanticuerpos/inmunología , Trasplante Heterólogo/inmunología , Animales , Humanos , Técnicas para Inmunoenzimas , Trasplante de Riñón/inmunología , Trasplante de Hígado/inmunología , Modelos Biológicos , Perfusión/métodos , PorcinosAsunto(s)
Transfusión de Sangre Autóloga/métodos , Transfusión Sanguínea/métodos , Trasplante de Hígado/métodos , Transfusión Sanguínea/instrumentación , Transfusión de Sangre Autóloga/instrumentación , Humanos , Cuidados Intraoperatorios/instrumentación , Cuidados Intraoperatorios/métodos , Italia , Trasplante de Hígado/instrumentación , Trasplante de Hígado/mortalidad , Trasplante HomólogoRESUMEN
Primary non-function (PNF) of a transplanted liver is a postoperative condition characterized by absence of hepatic recovery due to various insults during harvesting, preservation or revascularization. Until recently early retransplantation (RTx) has been considered the policy of choice. Results of RTx for PNF are unsatisfactory (1-year survival rates ranging from 0 to 34%). The management of PNF by medical care without RTx with a recovery rate of 80% and a 1-year actuarial survival rate of 50% is reported for a series of 33 consecutive liver transplants. The guidelines for the medical care management are given and the results are discussed.