Does the marketing age impact growth performance, carcass traits, economic feasibility and hemato-biochemical properties of genetically-modified quails?

The meat of the quail is one of the most delicious types, as it is rich in minerals and vitamins, especially vitamin K, which is useful in treating nervous diseases. In the present investigation, based on their live body weight, 270 genetically-enhanced white quail chicks of mixed sex were randomly assigned to 3 groups, each with 90 chicks. The first group's birds were slaughtered at 28 d of age. The birds in the second group were slaughtered at 31 d, and the birds in the third group were slaughtered at 34 d. Results showed no significant difference between the various groups in the overall mortality rate index at the end of each fattening stage (P > 0.05). There were substantial variations (P ≤ 0.05) in the average live weight index between the first and both groups at each group's marketing age. With increasing marketing age, body weight increases. Quail chicks raised for 34 d received the lowest EPEF (28.90 points), followed by those raised for 31 d and 28 d, which received 33.37 and 37.32 points, respectively. The economic feasibility of the 3 groups, no significant differences in the profit index were observed at the age of 28 d. Compared to the marketing age of the other 2 groups, it was noted that the profit index decreased as the birds advanced in age. Delaying marketing to 31 d leads to a decrease in profit by 5.7%, and delaying marketing to 34 d reduces the profit index to 26.36% compared to marketing at 28 d. For blood hematology parameters, a significant increase in the studied indicators with the age of the birds was observed through the study of blood indicators. Still, it did not reach the significance level. It could be concluded that 28 d is the ideal marketing age for the enhanced white quails, as it yielded the highest economic return and the best performance.

Cognitive function and work resilience of healthcare professionals: A comparative cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare professionals (HCPs) face a variety of work-related stressors that have impact on their mental health and cognitive performance. Work resilience is a psychological resource that helps workers cope with stress and prevents unfavorable psychological impact. The aim of this study was to assess the associations between working as HCPs and cognitive function as well as work resilience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among HCPs at Suez Canal University Hospital in Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, during April 2023 to August 2023. Two hundred and thirty-five HCPs and 107 administrative employees (Admins) were invited to participate in this study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain sociodemographic and other relavent data. Cognitive function was assessed with the Mini-Mental State Examination test; work resilience was assessed with the Brief Resilience Scale; and psychological distress was measured with the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale - 21-items (DASS-21) scale. Statistical significance was determined by Mann Whitney U-test for continuous variables, and Chi-square test or Fisher's exact, as appropriate, for categorical variables. Multiple logistic regression models were employed to determine associations between the main outcomes (cognitive impairment and low resilience) and the main covariate (working as HCPs vs. Admins), adjusting for all potential confounders. RESULTS: HCPs showed a significantly greater cognitive impairment, less resilience, and DASS-21 than the Admins. The odds of impaired cognitive function in HCPs were significantly higher than the Admins (odds ratio [OR]: 4.45, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.27-15.67, P = 0.020), adjusted for all potential covariates. Similarly, the odds of low resilience in HCPs were significantly higher than Admins (OR: 5.81, 95% CI: 2.72-12.44, P < 0.001), adjusted for all potential covariates. However, the adjusted association between impaired cognitive function and low resilience was not statistically significant (OR: 0.55, 95% CI: 0.23-1.33, P = 0.185). CONCLUSION: HCPs had significantly impaired cognitive function and low work resilience. Workplace policies and interventions to control depression, stress, and anxiety are required as it is the encouragement of physical activity. Programs that combine positive coping skills training (e.g., relaxation training, positive thinking, and problem solving) with resilience-building interventions (e.g., taking a proactive approach to solving problems, being flexible and adaptive) should be developed, with special attention to HCPs who have a higher sense of self-efficacy.

The potential role of SNHG16/ miRNA-146a/ TRAF6 signaling pathway in the protective effect of zoledronate against colorectal cancer and associated osteoporosis in mouse model.

Bone fracture as a consequence of colorectal cancer (CRC) and associated osteoporosis (OP) is considered a risk factor for increasing the mortality rate among CRC patients. SNHG16/ miRNA-146a/ TRAF6 signaling pathway is a substantial contributor to neoplastic evolution, progression, and metastasis. Here, we investigated the effect of zoledronate (ZOL) on the growth of CRC and associated OP in a mouse model. Thirty Balb/c mice were divided into Naïve, azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and ZOL groups. Body weight and small nucleolar RNA host gene 16 (SNHG16) expression, microRNA-146a, and TRAF6 in bone, colon, and stool were investigated. Samples of colon and bone were collected and processed for light microscopic, immunohistochemical staining for cytokeratin 20 (CK20), nuclear protein Ki67 (pKi-67), and caudal type homeobox transcription factor 2 (CDx2) in colon and receptor activator of nuclear factor kB (RANK) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) in bone. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of the femur and tibia was studied. ZOL produced a significant decrease in the expression of SNHG16 and TRAF6 and an increase in miRNA-146a in the colon and bone. ZOL administration improved the histopathological changes in the colon, produced a significant decrease in CK20 and Ki-67, and increased CDx2 expressions. In bone, ZOL prevented osteoporotic changes and tumour cell invasion produced a significant decrease in RANK and an increase in OPG expressions, alongside improved bone mineral density in CT scans. ZOL could be a promising preventive therapy against colitis-induced cancer and associated OP via modulation expression of SNHG16, miRNA-146a, and TRAF6.

Adherence to antihypertensives in the United States: A comparative meta-analysis of 23 million patients.

Adherence to antihypertensives is crucial for control of blood pressure. This study analyzed factors and interventions that could affect adherence to antihypertensives in the US. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Embase were searched on January 21, 2022 and December 25, 2023 for studies on the adherence to antihypertensives in the US. Nineteen studies and 23 545 747 patients were included in the analysis, which showed that adherence to antihypertensives was the highest among Whites (OR: 1.47, 95% CI 1.34-1.61 compared to African Americans). Employment status and sex were associated with insignificant differences in adherence rates. In contrast, marital status yielded a significant difference where unmarried patients demonstrated low adherence rates compared to married ones (OR: 0.8, 95% CI 0.67-0.95). On analysis of comorbidities, diabetic patients reported lower adherence to antihypertensives (OR: 0.95, 95% CI 0.92-0.97); furthermore, patients who did not have Alzheimer showed higher adherence rates. Different BMIs did not significantly affect the adherence rates. Patients without insurance reported significantly lower adherence rates than insured patients (OR: 3.93, 95% CI 3.43-4.51). Polypill users had higher adherence rates compared with the free-dose combination (OR: 1.21, 95% CI 1.2-1.21), while telepharmacy did not prove to be as effective. Lower adherence rates were seen among African Americans, uninsured, or younger patients. Accordingly, interventions such as fixed-dose combinations should be targeted at susceptible groups. Obesity and overweight did not affect the adherence to antihypertensives.

The possible utility of global longitudinal strain in the risk-stratifying process of non-ST elevation-acute coronary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: There are various ways that coronary artery disease (CAD) might present itself. Individual risk stratification for non ST-elevation-acute coronary syndrome (NSTE-ACS) patients should determine whether invasive coronary angiography and revascularization should be scheduled. AIM OF WORK: To assess the possible utility of left ventricular global longitudinal strain in the risk-stratifying process of NSTE-ACS. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The cardiology department of Zagazig University in Egypt organized and oversaw this cross-sectional study. The practical portion was carried out on 90 patients with NSTE-ACS based on European society of cardiology (ESC) guidelines (and they agreed for invasive strategy) between May 2019 and December 2020 at Salalah Heart Center in Sultanate of Oman. All patients underwent a full clinical examination, 12-lead ECG, and serial high-sensitivity troponin T (hs-TnT) in addition to a thorough history taking process. On patient's admission, the GRACE risk score was assessed. All patients who were suspected of having NSTE-ACS upon admission underwent transthoracic echocardiography, including two-dimensional speckle tracking (2D-ST). Left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS %) was measured and analyzed using 2D speckle tracking. SYNTAX Score was determined for all patients. RESULTS: By analysis of the performance of LV-GLS% in prediction of high risk by GRACE score, we found that with cutoff (≥-13.8), the AUC was (0.944) with sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy (0.944, 93.3%, 84%, 53.8%, 98.4%, 85.6%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Global longitudinal strain can predict accurately high-risk NSTE-ACS patients by GRACE score.

Work-related musculoskeletal complaints and ergonomic risk factors among Egyptian anesthesiologists: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Anesthesiologists are vulnerable to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) due to sustained repetitive movements and awkward postures. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of WMSDs among anesthesiologists and to evaluate its association with ergonomic risk factors. METHODS: A convenience sample of 380 Egyptian anesthesiologists were invited to participate in this cross-sectional study through an electronic questionnaire. Data were collected from May to August 2022 and involved questions about participants' demographic, health, and work-related characteristics; the ergonomic risks and perceived hazards; and the musculoskeletal complaints during the past 12 months and 7 days - using Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate statistical analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of MSD and identify its determinants in the studied sample. RESULTS: A total of 215 anesthesiologists were included in this study, with a 56.8% response rate, 66% males with an average age of 38 (± 0.7) years. 21% were resident physicians, 47% were specialists, and 32% were consultants. The 12-month prevalence of MSD among anesthesiologists was 71.6% (95% CI: 65.6- 77.7%). Multivariate analysis showed that the main determinants of MSD among the studied sample were age of 45-years and older (OR: 3.22, 95% CI: 1.21-8.52, p = 0.018), regular physical exercise (OR: 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.65, p = 0.005), insufficient rest time between procedures (OR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.15-4.41, p = 0.018), and three or more awkward postures of the trunk (OR: 3.55, 95% CI: 1.43-8.82, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: The study highlights a high prevalence of WMSDs among Egyptian anesthesiologists, linked to advancing age, lack of regular exercise, insufficient rest between procedures, and frequent awkward postures. Addressing these ergonomic risk factors through targeted workplace interventions is crucial for promoting the overall well-being of anesthesiologists and ensuring the provision of safe anesthesia services.

Comparison of different ratios of propofol-ketamine admixture in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to compare the hemodynamic effect of two ratios of propofol and ketamine (ketofol), namely 1:1 and 1:3 ratios, in rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia for emergency laparotomy. METHODS: This randomized controlled study included adult patients undergoing emergency laparotomy under general anesthesia. The patients were randomized to receive either ketofol ratio of 1:1 (n = 37) or ketofol ratio of 1:3 (n = 37). Hypotension (mean arterial pressure < 70 mmHg) was managed by 5-mcg norepinephrine. The primary outcome was total norepinephrine requirements during the postinduction period. Secondary outcomes included the incidence of postinduction hypotension, and the intubation condition (excellent, good, or poor). RESULTS: Thirty-seven patients in the ketofol-1:1 and 35 patients in the ketofol 1:3 group were analyzed. The total norepinephrine requirement was less in the ketofol-1:1 group than in the ketofol-1:3 group, P-values: 0.043. The incidence of postinduction hypotension was less in the ketofol-1:1 group (4 [12%]) than in ketofol-1:3 group (12 [35%]), P-value 0.022. All the included patients had excellent intubation condition. CONCLUSION: In patients undergoing emergency laparotomy, the use of ketofol in 1:1 ratio for rapid-sequence induction of anesthesia was associated with less incidence of postinduction hypotension and vasopressor consumption in comparison to the 1:3 ratio with comparable intubation conditions. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT05166330. URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05166330 .

THE ACCURACY OF INFERIOR VENA CAVA DISTENSIBILITY THROUGH THE TRANSHEPATIC APPROACH TO PREDICT FLUID RESPONSIVENESS IN PATIENTS WITH SEPTIC SHOCK AFTER EMERGENCY LAPAROTOMY.

ABSTRACT: Background: We aimed to evaluate the ability of inferior vena cava (IVC) distensibility using the transhepatic approach to predict fluid responsiveness in mechanically ventilated patients with septic shock after emergency laparotomy. Methods: This prospective observational study included mechanically ventilated paralyzed adult who had septic shock after emergency laparotomy. The IVC dimensions were measured through the transhepatic and subxiphoid approaches. The fluid responsiveness was confirmed with >15% increase in cardiac output after 500 mL of fluid bolus. The outcomes were the ability of transhepatic (primary outcome) and subxiphoid approach to predict fluid responders using the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve analysis. The gray zone for the two approaches was calculated. Results: Data from 51 patients were analyzed, and the number of fluid responders was 30 of 52 (58%). The transhepatic approach was feasible in all patients, whereas the subxiphoid approach was only feasible in 42 patients. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (95% confidence interval) for the transhepatic IVC distensibility was 0.88 (0.76-0.95), and it was comparable with that of the subxiphoid approach (0.81 [0.66-0.92], P = 0.417). The gray zone for the transhepatic IVC distensibility was 17% to 35% including 24 of 51 patients (47%), whereas the gray zone for the subxiphoid IVC distensibility was 13% to 34% including 18 of 42 patients (43%). Conclusion: In conclusion, the transhepatic approach for evaluation of IVC distensibility showed good accuracy in predicting fluid responsiveness in patients with septic shock after emergency laparotomy. The transhepatic approach showed the same accuracy as the subxiphoid approach with the advantage of being feasible in larger number of patients.

CicerSpTEdb2.0: An Upgrade of Cicer Species Transposable Elements Database.

To meet the critical demand of LTR-RTs data-driven research, we updated the CicerSpTEdb database to version 2.0, which includes more accurate intact LTR-RT elements with annotation of internal domains. We also added the ability to BLAST against TEs of Cicer species. As a result, 3701 intact LTR-RTs were detected in the studied genomes, including 2840 Copia and 861 Gypsy elements. Of the 3701 intact LTR-RTs, 588 were in C. arietinum, including 475 Copia and 113 Gypsy. While 1373 were detected in C. reticulatum, including 1041 Copia and 332 Gypsy. Furthermore, 1740 were found in C. echinospermum, including 1324 Copia and 416 Gypsy. Based on LTR-RT clades, the analysis classified the 3701 identified intact LTR-RTs in the studied genomes as Ale (850), SIRE (740), unknown (455), Ikeros (323), Reina (290), Tork (290), Ivana (282), Tekay (197), Athila (128), TAR (99), CRM (31), and Ogre (16) elements. The newly updated CicerSpTEdb2.0 will be a valuable resource for TEs of Cicer species and their comparative genomics.Database URL: http://cicersptedb.easyomics.org/index.php.

Translational and linguistic validation of the Arabic version of dysfunctional voiding symptom score questionnaire.

INTRODUCTION: Dysfunctional voiding is a multifactorial condition that encompasses a wide variety of symptoms rendering its diagnosis a challenging process. In this setting, several tools have been proposed to aid the diagnosis of this disease among which is the Dysfunctional Voiding Symptom Score (DVSS). The DVSS has been translated and validated to different languages including Japanese, Thai, Chinese, Serbian, and Portuguese. The aim of the current study is to translate and cross-culturally validate the DVSS into the Arabic language. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The DVSS was translated and culturally adapted to the Arabic language following the standards of the ISPOR for the translation and cultural adaptation process for patient-reported outcomes measures. Subsequently, the translated version underwent a pre-test on 15 patients with dysfunctional voiding. Afterwards, the translated version was filled by 82 pediatric patients and/or their parents with dysfunctional voiding and then the same questionnaire was refilled by the patients and their families one week later at home. Finally, a group of healthy children and/or their parents were recruited to fill the questionnaire as a control group. Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation, and Interclass correlation were used to assess for internal consistency and reliability between test-retest of the Arabic version. RESULTS: The mean total score of DVSS for the case and control groups was 16.66 ± 6.07 and 6.11 ± 3.36, respectively (P < 0.001). The Arabic-DVSS showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α > 0.9) for all the questions except Q1, Q3, Q6, and Q7 that showed good internal consistency. DISCUSSION: Translational and linguistic validation of the DVSS questionnaire into Arabic language is an important step toward its introduction in the clinical practice in Arabic countries; however, this step has also to consider the cultural variations between countries and not just linguistic translation. Generally, the Arabic-DVSS showed a satisfactory test-retest internal consistency and reliability with an excellent Cronbach's α (0.982) and ICC (0.962) for the total score of the Arabic-DVSS. Yet, the main limitation of this study was that it was only advocated for the translation and validation of the Arabic-DVSS and did not assess its value in patients' follow-up. CONCLUSION: The Arabic version of the DVSS is reliable and valid to help in the evaluation of DV in children of Arabic countries.

Association between diabetes-related distress and glycemic control in primary care patients with Type 2 diabetes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Egypt.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes-related distress and glycemic control are of a particular concern to primary care physicians because of the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic on diabetic patients' lifestyle, psychological well-being and healthcare access. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between diabetes-related distress and glycemic control in diabetic patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in primary care settings during the pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted at primary healthcare clinics in a rural area in Egypt among 430 patients with T2DM during the period from September 2020 to June 2021. All patients were interviewed for their sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical characteristics. Diabetes-related distress was measured by the problem areas in the diabetes scale (PAID), where a total score of ≥40 indicated a severe diabetes-related distress. The most recent glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measurements were used to indicate the glycemic control. Quantile regression model (0.50 quantile) was used to perform the multivariate analysis to identify significant factors associated with HbA1c level. RESULTS: Most of the participants had a suboptimal glycemic control (92.3%), while 13.3% had severe diabetes-related distress. HbA1c level was significantly and positively correlated with the total PAID score and all its sub-domains. Multivariate quantile regression revealed that obesity, multi-morbidity, and severe diabetes-related distress were the only significant determinants of the HbA1c median level. Obese patients had significantly higher median HbA1c compared to patients who were not obese (coefficient = 0.25, P < 0.001). Patients with two or more comorbidities (i.e., multimorbidity) had a significantly higher median HbA1c than patients with single or no chronic comorbidities (coefficient = 0.41, P < 0.001). Severe diabetes-related distress was significantly associated with higher median HbA1c compared to nonsevere diabetes-related distress (coefficient = 0.20, P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: Diabetes-related distress had a significant association with HbA1c level. Family physicians should implement multifaceted programs to optimize diabetes control and reduce any associated distress.

Somaclonal Variation for Genetic Improvement of Starch Accumulation in Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Tubers.

Starch content is one of the major quality criteria targeted by potato breeding programs. Traditional potato breeding is a laborious duty due to the tetraploid nature and immense heterozygosity of potato genomes. In addition, screening for functional genetic variations in wild relatives is slow and strenuous. Moreover, genetic diversity, which is the raw material for breeding programs, is limited due to vegetative propagation used in the potato industry. Somaclonal variation provides a time-efficient tool to breeders for obtaining genetic variability, which is essential for breeding programs, at a reasonable cost and independent of sophisticated technology. The present investigation aimed to create potato somaclones with an improved potential for starch accumulation. Based on the weight and starch content of tubers, the somaclonal variant Ros 119, among 105 callus-sourced clones, recorded a higher tuberization potential than the parent cv Lady Rosetta in a field experiment. Although this somaclone was similar to the parent in the number of tubers produced, it exhibited tubers with 42 and 61% higher fresh and dry weights, respectively. Additionally, this clone recorded 10 and 75% increases in starch content based on the dry weight and average content per plant, respectively. The enhanced starch accumulation was associated with the upregulation of six starch-synthesis-related genes, namely, the AGPase, GBSS I, SBE I, SBE II, SS II and SS III genes. AGPase affords the glycosyl moieties required for the synthesis of amylose and amylopectin. GBSS is required for amylose elongation, while SBE I, SBE II, SS II and SS III are responsible for amylopectin.

Modulatory effects of concomitant quercetin/sitagliptin administration on the ovarian histological and biochemical alterations provoked by doxorubicin in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model.

Limited literature was available on the effects of sitagliptin or quercetin treatments on doxorubicin induced ovarian dysfunction in diabetic animals. The study aim was test the efficacy and suggested mechanisms of quercetin/sitagliptin combined treatment on the doxorubicin-induced ovarian toxicity in rat model with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Forty eight female Wistar rats were divided into six groups: 1) Control; 2) Streptozotocin induced diabetes; 3) Streptozotocin-induced diabetes + doxorubicin ovarian damage; 4) Streptozotocin-induced diabetes + doxorubicin ovarian damage with; 5) Streptozotocin-induced diabetes + doxorubicin ovarian damage with sitagliptin treatment and 6) Streptozotocin-induced diabetes + doxorubicin ovarian damage with concomitant quercetin/sitagliptin treatment. Biochemical tests for serum estrogen, progesterone, insulin, blood glucose, and ovarian levels of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and superoxide dismutase and qRT-PCR for NOBOX, FSHr, and iNOS genes were performed. Histological evaluation was done on ovary sections with hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemistry for 8-OHdG and iNOS followed by morphometric analysis. The streptozotocin-induced diabetic group showed varying degrees of follicle atresia and altered biochemical parameters, both were marked in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic + doxorubicin group. The mRNA of NOBOX, FSHr, and iNOS genes were disturbed with increased immunoexpression of iNOS and 8-OHdG. Quercetin and/or sitagliptin administration improved all altered histological and biochemical parameters and was more effective as a combined treatment. The study suggested equal efficacy of both quercetin and sitagliptin in mitigating the doxorubicin-induced ovarian toxicity in the streptozotocin diabetic rat model, and the combined therapy showed anti-inflammatory, anti-antioxidant, and anti-DNA damage mechanisms.

Curcumin alleviates LPS-induced intestinal homeostatic imbalance through reshaping gut microbiota structure and regulating group 3 innate lymphoid cells in chickens.

Gastrointestinal dysfunction is associated with a disturbance of immune homeostasis, changes in the intestinal microbiome, alteration of the composition of the bile acid pool, and dynamic imbalance of group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s). Curcumin (CUR), a polyphenolic compound isolated from turmeric, has been known to attenuate intestinal inflammation in potential therapies for gastrointestinal diseases. It was hypothesized that CUR could target the gut microbiome to modulate bile acid (BA) metabolism and the function of ILC3s in ameliorating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced imbalance of intestinal homeostasis in chickens. Seven hundred and twenty 1-day-old crossbred chickens were randomly divided into four treatments, namely CON_saline (basal diet + saline control), CUR_saline (basal diet + 300 mg kg-1 curcumin + saline), CON_LPS (basal diet + LPS), and CUR_LPS (basal diet + 300 mg kg-1 curcumin + LPS), each consisting of 6 replicates of 30 birds. On days 14, 17, and 21, the chickens in the CON_LPS and CUR_LPS treatments were intraperitoneally injected with LPS at 0.5 mg per kg BW. Dietary CUR supplementation significantly decreased LPS-induced suppression of growth performance and injury to the intestinal tight junctions and decreased the vulnerability to LPS-induced acute inflammatory response by inhibiting pro-inflammatory (interleukin-1ß and tumor necrosis factor-α) cytokines. CUR reshaped the cecal microbial community and BA metabolism, contributing to regulation of the intestinal mucosal immunity by promoting the anti-inflammatory (interleukin 10, IL-10) cytokines and enhancing the concentrations of primary and secondary BA metabolites (chenodexycholic acid, lithocholic acid). LPS decreased farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A synthesis, which was reversed by CUR administration, along with an increase in interleukin 22 (IL-22) production from ILC3s. Dietary supplementation of CUR increased the prevalence of Butyricicoccus and Enterococcus and enhanced the tricarboxylic acid cycle of intestinal epithelial cells. In addition, curcumin supplementation significantly increased sirtuin 1 and sirtuin 5 transcription and protein expression, which contributes to regulating mitochondrial metabolic and oxidative stress responses to alleviate LPS-induced enteritis. Our findings demonstrated that curcumin played a pivotal role in regulating the structure of the intestinal microbiome for health promotion and the treatment of intestinal dysbiosis. The beneficial effects of CUR may be attributed to the modulation of the BA-FXR pathway and inhibition of inflammation that induces IL-22 secretion by ILC3s in the intestinal lamina propria.

Corrigendum: Psychometric properties of the arabic version of the problem areas in diabetes scale in primary care.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.843164.].

Gastrointestinal parasites diagnoses at the primary health care units: a comparative analysis of diagnostic abilities of parasitology staff technicians versus medical parasitologists in Ismailia, Egypt.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to compare parasitology technicians (ParaTechs) with medical staff parasitologists (MedParas) in terms of diagnostic ability and to assess the actual occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in selected faecal samples from primary health care units (PHCUs). METHODS: The study included five PHCU ParaTechs in the El-Kassassin rural area, evaluated using a scoring system for their knowledge, skills, practices and parasitology laboratory facilities. Seventy-five faecal samples previously examined for ova and parasites by ParaTechs were chosen for re-evaluation by MedParas. RESULTS: The most deficient ParaTechs-related factor was the parasitological knowledge, which scored 23.9% of the maximum score, while ParaTechs had acceptable levels of skills and practices, scored 60% and 61%, respectively. Compared with MedParas, false positive ParaTech diagnoses made up 8.8% of all negative samples, while false negative diagnoses made up 85.4% of all positive samples. ParaTechs underestimated the count or misidentified the type of parasites in one-third of the true positive samples. The overall rate of misdiagnosis among ParaTechs was 53.3% of all samples. CONCLUSIONS: Regular ParaTech training, including culture and staining at parasitology labs, and collaboration between the Ministry of Health and Population and academic institutions are essential to increase ParaTechs diagnostic abilities.

National perspective on hospital readmissions following adrenalectomy.

Background: Examining risk factors of readmission in adrenalectomy patients and estimated the cost burden of unplanned readmission on the United States' healthcare system. Methods: According to the Nationwide Readmission Database, 20,494 patients underwent adrenalectomy between 2010-2014. Demographics, comorbidities, clinical data, length of stay (LOS), annual case volume, and discharge disposition of 30- and 90-day readmission cohorts were compared to the non-readmitted cohort. Results: A total of 1,463 (7.9%) and 1,959 (12.7%) adrenalectomy patients were readmitted at 30 and 90 days after discharge, respectively. Prolonged initial hospital stays [odds ratio (OR) =1.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.63-2.27] and postoperative complications (OR =4.91; 95% CI: 1.98-12.16) were associated with a higher risk of readmission. Complications were significantly more frequent in patients with a primary or secondary malignancy (OR =1.42; 95% CI: 1.23-1.64) and in patients undergoing a procedure at a low adrenalectomy volume hospital [hazard ratio (HR) =0.75; 95% CI: 0.62-0.91; P=0.003]. Readmission extended overall LOS by an average of 2.06 days, costing an additional $18,529.49 per admission. Conclusions: Readmission adds significantly to the burden of disease after adrenalectomy. Understanding contributing factors may identify strategies to reduce readmissions and improve healthcare for patients.

Work-related injuries among 5 - 17 years-old working children in Egypt: findings from a national child labor survey.

BACKGROUND: Egypt has agreed and ratified international regulations that strict child labor. However, the country still struggles with high prevalence of child labor and the associated negative social and health effects. The objective of this study was to identify the prevalence and determinants of work-related injuries among working children in Egypt. METHODS: This study involved a secondary data analysis of the National Child Labor Survey (NCLS) conducted in 2010 by The Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (CAPMAS) in Egypt with technical and financial support from the ILO's International Program on the Elimination of Child Labor (IPEC) through its Statistical Information and Monitoring Program on Child Labor (SIMPOC). The total number of working children who responded to questions of work-related injuries in the NCLS child questionnaire was 7485 children. RESULTS: The prevalence of work-related injuries among working children in Egypt was estimated as 24.1% (95% CI: 22.0%-26.2%), of whom the majority were superficial wounds (87.3%). Among children who reported work-related injuries, 57.9% did not stop work or schooling because of the most serious injury, while 39.6% had stopped temporarily and 2.6% had stopped completely. The main determinants of work-related injuries among working children in the study sample were gender (boys), age of starting work (5-11 years), type of main economic activity (industry and services), type of main workplace (plantation, farms, or garden), the average work hours per week (28 h or more), and exposure to ergonomic and safety, and chemical hazards at work. CONCLUSIONS: The estimated high prevalence of work-related injuries among working children aged 5-17 years in Egypt raises the health risks concerns associated with child labor. Findings of this study on the determinants of work-related injuries could guide policies and interventions to combat child labor and the associated health risks, including work-related injuries.