Potential for automatic detection of calving in beef cows grazing on rangelands from Global Navigate Satellite System collar data.

Dystocia is one of the main causes of calf death around calving. In addition, peripartum deaths may occur due to other factors, such as weather or predators, especially in the case of grazing animals. Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) tools aimed at the automatic detection of calving may be useful for farmers, allowing cow assistance in case of dystocia or checking the condition of the cow-calf pair after calving. Such PLF systems are commercially available for dairy cows, but these tools are not suitable for rangelands, mainly due to power and connectivity constraints. Thus, since most commercial PLF tools for rangelands are based on Global Navigate Satellite System (GNSS) technology, the objective of this study was to design and evaluate several indicators built from data gathered with GNSS collars to characterise their potential for the detection of calving on rangelands. Location data from 57 cows, 42 of which calved during the study, were curated and analysed following a standardised procedure. Several indicators were calculated using two different strategies. The first approach consisted of having indicators that could be computed using the data of a single GNSS collar (cow indicators). The second strategy involved the use of data from several animals (herd indicators), which requires more animals to be monitored, but may allow the characterisation of social behaviour. Several indicators, such as the length of the daily trajectory or the sinuosity of cow path, showed significant differences between the pre- and postpartum periods, but no clear differences between calving day and previous days. Herd indicators, such as the distance to herd centroid or to the nearest peer were superior in terms of the detection of calving day, as cows showed isolation behaviour from 24 hours before calving. Relative indicators, i.e., the value of cow or herd indicators for the calving cow in relation to the average value of the same indicators for its herdmates, provided additional information on cow behaviour. For instance, according to the relative indicator for the change in daily trajectory, pregnant cows had a differential exploratory behaviour up to 14 days before calving. In conclusion, data from commercial GNSS collars proved to be useful for the computation of several indicators related to the occurrence of calving on rangelands. Some of those indicators showed changes from baseline values on the day before calving, which could serve to predict the onset of parturition.

Guam ALS-PDC is a distinct double-prion disorder featuring both tau and Aß prions.

The amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-parkinsonism dementia complex (ALS-PDC) of Guam is an endemic neurodegenerative disease that features widespread tau tangles, occasional α-synuclein Lewy bodies, and sparse ß-amyloid (Aß) plaques distributed in the central nervous system. Extensive studies of genetic or environmental factors have failed to identify a cause of ALS-PDC. Building on prior work describing the detection of tau and Aß prions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Down syndrome brains, we investigated ALS-PDC brain samples for the presence of prions. We obtained postmortem frozen brain tissue from 26 donors from Guam with ALS-PDC or no neurological impairment and 71 non-Guamanian donors with AD or no neurological impairment. We employed cellular bioassays to detect the prion conformers of tau, α-synuclein, and Aß proteins in brain extracts. In ALS-PDC brain samples, we detected high titers of tau and Aß prions, but we did not detect α-synuclein prions in either cohort. The specific activity of tau and Aß prions was increased in Guam ALS-PDC compared with sporadic AD. Applying partial least squares regression to all biochemical and prion infectivity measurements, we demonstrated that the ALS-PDC cohort has a unique molecular signature distinguishable from AD. Our findings argue that Guam ALS-PDC is a distinct double-prion disorder featuring both tau and Aß prions.

Patient-centered outcomes after surgical treatment of peri-implantitis: a prospective clinical study.

BACKGROUND: Peri-implantitis is an inflammatory process affecting soft and hard tissues surrounding dental implants, causing progressive marginal bone loss. Peri-implant surgery is the treatment of choice. However, evidence about its impact on patients' quality of life (QoL) is limited. This study aimed to assess pain and QoL in the first seven post-operative days and measure patient satisfaction at the end of this period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective cohort study was conducted in patients with peri-implantitis. Patients reported pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 to 100mm every day during the first week after surgery. They then completed the OHIP-14sp questionnaire. A descriptive and inferential data analysis was used to assess the effect of surgical approach (resective, regenerative or combined), gender and working status on pain, satisfaction and QoL. RESULTS: Forty-one patients (93,2%) completed the daily pain VAS; scores ranged from 0 to 95 mm. Gender, occupation, or type of surgery had no significant effect upon its evolution. The mean total OHIP-14sp score was 16.7 (range = 5 to 33), indicating low to moderate deterioration in perceived oral health. Postoperative OHRQoL was significantly higher in working patients (mean difference (MD): 3.94; P = 0.042), and with the regenerative (MD: 6.34; P = 0.044) or the combined approach (MD: 5.41; P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Considering the limitations of this study, postoperative pain was mild to moderate and decreased after the third day. Surgical treatment of peri-implantitis has an impact on QoL, especially when augmentation procedures are involved. This impact is higher in working patients.

Assessment of the patient safety culture in the ICU of a second level hospital at the end of the third COVID-19 wave.

INTRODUCTION: Current healthcare settings and ICUs especially are complex, highly technical, and multidisciplinary, with interactions between healthcare professionals and users, in which there may be errors at different levels. Our objective was to assess the perception of patient safety in our unit at the end of the third wave of the COVID pandemic, with the intention of conducting subsequent improvement actions. METHODS: Observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. The perception of Safety Culture was estimated using the HSOPS questionnaire translated into Spanish. Some questions were posed in a positive sense, and others in a negative sense. The response was also rated as positive, negative, or neutral. Our findings were compared visually, not mathematically, with those found in the previous national study «Analysis of the culture on patient safety in the hospital setting of the Spanish National Health System¼ published in 2009. A subgroup analysis was performed according to professional group and seniority as a health worker. The Student's t, χ2 and ANOVA tests were used. RESULTS: Sixty-two professionals responded to the questionnaire, 73.90% of the total. The median time working in ICU 2 years (interquartile range 2-4.5 years). The rating for the degree of safety was 8.06 (SD 1.16). The majority (91.20%) had not reported any adverse event in the last year. A total of 30.90% had recently received patient safety training. The dimensions considered as weaknesses were 9 ("Staffing", with 27.57% of positive responses) and 10 ("Support of the hospital management in safety", with 17.64% of positive responses). The dimensions considered as strengths were 3 ("Expectation of actions by management/supervision of the service") with 85.29% of positive responses, and 5 ("Teamwork") with 95.58% of positive responses. The Cronbach's alpha index values suggest that the questionnaire has adequate internal consistency. In general, our data are more positive than those collected in the 2011 national survey, although the 2 dimensions considered weaknesses were already considered such in the previous work. CONCLUSIONS: The perception of patient safety in the ICU of our hospital after the end of the third wave of the COVID pandemic is adequate, with a more positive rating than that of the national study on safety culture at the hospital level carried out in 2009. The constant quest for patient safety should prioritize activity in the 2 dimensions considered weaknesses: staffing, and support from hospital management in everything related to patient safety.

[Assessment of the patient safety culture in the ICU of a second level hospital at the end of the third COVID-19 wave]. / Valoración de la cultura de seguridad del paciente en la UCI de un hospital de segundo nivel al finalizar la tercera oleada de COVID-19.

Introduction: Current healthcare settings and ICUs especially are complex, highly technical, and multidisciplinary, with interactions between healthcare professionals and users, in which there may be errors at different levels. Our objective was to assess the perception of patient safety in our unit at the end of the third wave of the COVID pandemic, with the intention of conducting subsequent improvement actions. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, and descriptive study. The perception of Safety Culture was estimated using the HSOPS questionnaire translated into Spanish. Some questions were posed in a positive sense, and others in a negative sense. The response was also rated as positive, negative, or neutral. Our findings were compared visually, not mathematically, with those found in the previous national study «Analysis of the culture on patient safety in the hospital setting of the Spanish National Health System¼ published in 2009. A subgroup analysis was performed according to professional group and seniority as a health worker. The Student's t, χ? and ANOVA tests were used. Results: Sixty-two professionals responded to the questionnaire, 73.90% of the total. The median time working in ICU 2 years (interquartile range 2-4.5 years). The rating for the degree of safety was 8.06 (SD 1.16). The majority (91.20%) had not reported any adverse event in the last year. A total of 30.90% had recently received patient safety training. The dimensions considered as weaknesses were 9 («Staffing¼, with 27.57% of positive responses) and 10 ("Support of the hospital management in safety", with 17.64% of positive responses). The dimensions considered as strengths were 3 («Expectation of actions by management / supervision of the service¼) with 85.29% of positive responses, and 5 («Teamwork¼) with 95.58% of positive responses. The Cronbach's alpha index values suggest that the questionnaire has adequate internal consistency. In general, our data are more positive than those collected in the 2011 national survey, although the 2 dimensions considered weaknesses were already considered such in the previous work. Conclusions: The perception of patient safety in the ICU of our hospital after the end of the third wave of the COVID pandemic is adequate, with a more positive rating than that of the national study on safety culture at the hospital level carried out in 2009. The constant quest for patient safety should prioritize activity in the 2 dimensions considered weaknesses: staffing, and support from hospital management in everything related to patient safety.

Proposing a sustainable urban 3D model to minimize the potential risk associated with green infrastructure by applying engineering tools.

The goal of this study is to estimate the potential risk of exposure to urban green infrastructure by calculating and improving of AIROT index, adding meteorological factors as wind direction and updating the index to be more accurate for smaller urban green areas. To achieve this objective, BIM methodology has been applied by creating a 3D BIM model from the reality capture of a street with LiDAR. The BIM model contains the parametric data needed to apply AIROT index and it allows to map results in a graphic environmental sustainability study. The importance of location of green infrastructure is one of main conclusions obtained in order to minimize aerobiological risks in future new buildings or even in maintenance tasks of urban green infrastructure. A valuable result obtained from the developed methodology are walk simulations in the 3D model with the aim to identify high risk of potential exposure of urban green infrastructure with allergenic interest for allergic patients in order to supply health itineraries of pedestrians in a proposal of Smart City.

[Comparison of RACE scale to other assessment scales for large vessel arterial occlusions in the out-of-hospital level: a rapid review].

A significant proportion of ischemic cerebrovascular diseases are due to large vessel arterial occlusions (LVAO). Some emergency services utilize scales to detect LVAO and determine the most appropriate treatment and medical center for the patient. The aim of this review was to compare the predictive value of the RACE scale for recognizing the presence of a LVAO with other scales used in the out-of-hospital setting. A rapid review was performed by applying the PRISMA methodology in PubMed. Twenty articles focused on the pre-hospital setting were retained. The most frequently evaluated instruments were NIHSS, CPSSS, LAMS and RACE. The scales evaluated demonstrated adequate precision in the identification of such an event, without aiming to replace imag-ing tests. The RACE showed a predictive performance comparable to the other scales, although lower than the NIHSS hospital scale, it may therefore be a useful instrument in the out-of-hospital setting.

Successful pulp revascularization of an autotransplantated mature premolar with fragile fracture apicoectomy and plasma rich in growth factors: a 3-year follow-up.

AIM: This case report demonstrates a positive outcome of the adjuvant use of fragile fracture (FF), which is a technique used to harvest dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in a mandibular premolar (tooth 44) with a completely formed root that was transplanted into a surgically created socket and which maintained pulp vitality and function. SUMMARY: After virtual surgical planning, a 3D tooth replica of tooth 44 was fabricated. A surgical socket was created in the position of tooth 14; then, tooth 44 was extracted and the root dentine was abraded using a turbine diamond bur 3 mm from the apex until a circular groove was prepared around the outer circumference of the root; and then, an FF was performed without damaging the pulp tissue. PRP was placed in the socket, after which the donor tooth was inserted in the recipient area. At 2 weeks post-treatment, orthodontic traction was applied. At 3-year follow-up, the tooth had adequate alignment and was asymptomatic. Response to pulp testing was positive, and the presence of pulp canal obliteration was observed as a sign of pulpal healing. KEY LEARNING POINTS: Autotransplantation is a good alternative for replacing missing teeth, with repair of tissues and pulp revascularization. Revascularization of an autotransplanted mature tooth using the fragile fracture technique and PRP scaffold is a feasible option and might have positive effects on the long-term outcome of the procedure. Including completely formed teeth as donors in autotransplantation, maintaining vitality and their functions is an option that warrants further study.

Early markers of endocrinometabolic disease in newborns with delayed intrauterine growth.

INTRODUCTION: The adjustments to malnutrition in growth restricted fetus (GRF) that lead to obesity, insulin resistance, diabetes and cardiovascular disease in adulthood are not well known. The most feasible explanation for this association is the hypothesis of catch up. Some studies postulate a greater influence of catch up growth than the low birth weight itself in developing metabolic and cardiovascular disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a prospective cohort study of newborns with intrauterine growth restriction (defined as weight percentile at birth less than 10th) born during a one-year period. Clinical data of patients were recorded (gender, gestational age, data about breastfeeding and anthropometry during follow-up every 3 months). Some details of pregnancy and characteristics of the mother were also registered. Serum biochemical parameters (IGF-1, IGF-BP3, insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, DLD cholesterol, triglycerides, HOMA) were collected at birth from cord blood, 9 and 12 months. Two main comparative groups were established: those GRF who made a catch-up growth (increase in weight Z score higher than 0,67) during the follow-up and those who did not get it. RESULTS: 126 GRF children were born in the study period. 125 accepted the inclusion in the study and 67 of them completed the full monitoring for a year; 47 of them made recovery growth and 20 did not. A significant difference between both groups was found in glucose in umbilical cord and triglycerides at 12 months: GRF children with catch up growth showed lower glucose levels (p = 0.03) and higher levels of triglycerides (p = 0.03). There were no statistically significant differences in the rest of laboratory parameters analyzed (IGF-1, IGF-BP3, insulin, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, DLD cholesterol, HOMA at 9 and 12 months or triglycerides at 9 months). CONCLUSIONS: Those GRF with catch up growth during the first year of life have early changes in the triglycerides at the end of that period with higher levels than those GRF children without catch up growth. This finding could be useful to develop a tool for early detection of GRF children with higher metabolic risk in order to prevent future pathology.

[Psychomotor development in late preterms at two years of age: a comparison with full-term newborn infants using two different instruments]. / Desarrollo psicomotor en prematuros tardios a los dos años de edad: comparacion con recien nacidos a termino mediante dos herramientas diferentes.

INTRODUCTION: Late preterm infants currently constitute 70% of preterm infant births. They present greater comorbidity, including neurodevelopment disorders, which may not manifest until the school age. AIM: To identify the existence of difficulties in the neurodevelopment at the age of two years. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The psychomotor development was performed at two years of age in late preterm infants and term control group born at our center between January and September 2014, with Brunet-Lezine Revised test and Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3) questionnaire. RESULTS: 88 children were included. Late preterm infants had lower scores in the language area and postural developmental. Girls achieved better results than males at global developmental age, oculo-motor coordination, language area and sociability. The ASQ-3 questionnaire detected differences in communication and socio-individual. Prematurity and male sex were identified as an independent risk factor to present a developmental disorder, prematurity for language impairment and male sex for younger developmental age and language impairment. The correlation between language assessment with the Brunet-Lezine Revised test and the ASQ-3 questionnaire was good, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.7 (p < 0.001), showing the usefulness of the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS: Late preterm infants have a lower developmental age in the language area at two years. Prematurity and male sex are risk factors for developmental disorder. Language assessment with the ASQ-3 questionnaire may be a useful tool to detect disorders and intervene early.

TITLE: Desarrollo psicomotor en prematuros tardios a los dos años de edad: comparacion con recien nacidos a termino mediante dos herramientas diferentes.Introduccion. Los prematuros tardios constituyen actualmente el 70% de los nacimientos prematuros. Presentan mayor comorbilidad, incluyendo las alteraciones del neurodesarrollo, que pueden no manifestarse hasta la escolarizacion. Objetivo. Identificar dificultades en el desarrollo neurologico a los dos años de edad. Sujetos y metodos. Se valoro el desarrollo psicomotor a los dos años de los prematuros tardios y del grupo control a termino nacidos en nuestro centro entre enero y septiembre del año 2014 mediante la escala de Brunet-Lezine revisada y el cuestionario de edades y etapas para la deteccion de trastornos del neurodesarrollo Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ-3). Resultados. Se incluyo a 88 niños. Los prematuros tardios presentaron puntuaciones inferiores en el lenguaje y el desarrollo postural. Las niñas obtuvieron resultados superiores en la edad de desarrollo global, la coordinacion oculomotriz, el lenguaje y la sociabilidad. El cuestionario ASQ-3 detecto las diferencias en comunicacion y socioindividuales. Se identificaron como factores de riesgo para presentar alteracion del desarrollo la prematuridad, para alteracion del lenguaje, y el sexo masculino, para menor edad de desarrollo y alteracion del lenguaje. La correlacion entre la valoracion del lenguaje con la escala de Brunet-Lezine revisada y el cuestionario ASQ-3 fue buena, con un coeficiente de correlacion de Pearson de 0,7 (p < 0,001), lo que muestra la utilidad del cuestionario. Conclusiones. Los prematuros tardios presentan menor desarrollo del lenguaje a los dos años. La prematuridad y el sexo masculino son factores de riesgo para presentar alteracion. La valoracion del lenguaje con el cuestionario ASQ-3 puede ser util para detectar alteraciones.