Peripheral and regional blood bloodstreams lipid peroxidation comparative analysis in women with pelvic venous disorder.

Pelvic venous disorder (PVD) in women is a polyetiological multifactorial disease characterized by a high prevalence (up to 80%), a high risk of infertility, and a progressive recurrent course. Morphological changes of the venous bed occur in PVD, contributing to retrograde blood flow and pelvic phlebohypertension. It is occur due to dynamic hypervolemia and hypertension long-term exposure on the venous wall. However, PVD pathogenesis analysis only from venous hemodynamic disorders position does not explain all mechanisms of the disease development and does not contribute to the treatment measures effectiveness. Currently oxidative stress reactions are considered as the most important markers of the pathological process. The aim of our work was a comparative analysis of lipid peroxidation-antioxidant defense component changes in the peripheral and regional blood flow in women with primary pelvic venous disorder depending on the disease stage. The study involved 137 women of reproductive age (mean age 37.4±9.1 years old) with diagnosed primary PVD divided into 3 groups according to the pathological process stages (stages I, II, III). Data from 30 practically healthy women (mean age 33.5±6.3 years old) were used as controls. Spectrophotometric, fluorometric, immunoassay and statistical methods were used. In patients with PVD stage I in peripheral bloodstream were higher values of SOD and GPO activity; in the regional bloodstream were higher levels of TBARs, SOD, catalase, GPO and lower GSH. In PVD stage II the peripheral bloodstream showed elevated levels of DC, GSH and SOD reduced levels; the regional bloodstream showed higher levels of DC, TBARs, GPO and GSH reduced levels relative to controls. PVD stage III was characterized by: higher levels of DC and TBARs and lower levels of SOD and GSH in the peripheral bloodstream; higher levels of DC, TBARs and lower levels of GSH and catalase in the regional bloodstream compared with control. Thus, the results of our study showed no significant differences in the LPO-AOD system between peripheral and regional bloodstreams in patients with PVD depending on the disease stage. However, negative changes in the redox balance in the regional bloodstream were earlier and were already registered at the first stage of the disease. It is likely that control of antioxidant insufficiency in patients with PVD should be an important component of preventive measures in the early stages and pathogenetic treatment in the pathological process progression, particularly in stage III of the disease.

Content of Carbonyl Compounds and Parameters of Glutathione Metabolism in Men with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus at Preclinical Stages of Diabetic Nephropathy.

The content of carbonyl compounds (methylglyoxal and TBA-reactive substances) and components of the glutathione system (activities of glutathione-dependent enzymes, content of oxidized and reduced glutathione) and their interrelationships were studied in men of young reproductive age with type 1 diabetes mellitus at the stages of normo- and microalbuminuria. In patients with normoalbuminuria, the level of methylglyoxal, reduced and oxidized glutathione, and glutathione reductase activity were increased and the content of TBA-reactive substances was decreased. In the group with microalbuminuria, an increase in content of methylglyoxal and activity of glutathione-dependent enzymes relative to the control values were observed; the content of TBA-reactive substances was increased and glutathione reductase activity was decreased relative to the group with normoalbuminuria. In patients with microalbuminuria, a strong correlation between the mean glomerular filtration rate and the blood level of methylglyoxal was revealed.

Changes in the Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Protection System in Women with Ovarian Hyperandrogenism at Different Periods of Reproductive Age.

We studied changes in LPO processes and antioxidant protection system in women with ovarian hyperandrogenism at various periods of reproductive age 18-45 years. An age-related decrease in total antioxidant activity and accumulation of secondary LPO products, ketodiens and coupled trienes, were found; these changes were accompanied by an increase in the level of superoxide dismutase and a decrease in the concentrations of reduced glutathione, α-tocopherol, and retinol. Women of early reproductive age (18-35 years) with hyperandrogenism were characterized by increased content of oxidized glutathione accompanied by a decrease in the level of α-tocopherol and retinol in comparison with the control group. In women of late reproductive age (35-45 years) with hyperandrogenism, increased superoxide dismutase activity in comparison with the control group was revealed.

Evaluation of the Protective Effect of Ademetionine, Cytoflavin, and Dihydroquercetetine on Blood Enzymes Activity in Rats Treated with High Doses of Sodium Valproate.

We evaluated the protective effect of ademetionine, cytoflavin, and dihydroquercetin on activity of serum enzymes in rats treated with high doses of sodium valproate for 28 days. Ademetionine and cytoflavin produced the greatest protective effect, the effect of dihydroquercetin was less pronounced. In rats treated with ademetionine, AST activity decreased as soon as on day 7 and remained at this level until the end of the experiment; ALT, alkaline phosphatase, and γ-glutamyl transferase activities decreased on days 21 and 28 of the study. Cytoflavin produced similar effects, the effect of dihydroquercetin was observed on days 21 and 28 for AST, ALT, alkaline phosphatase and on day 28 for γ-glutamyl transferase. These results substantiate the use of hepatoprotective drugs in case of long-term treatment with anticonvulsants in patients with epilepsy.

Analysis of neutrophils functional activity in men with mechanical jaundice of various genesis.

Obstructive jaundice (OJ) or blockage of the bile duct code K83.1 (according to ICD 10), occurs in approximately 45-50% of cases of all varieties of jaundice, it can be both non-tumor and tumor genesis. The functional pathway plays a special role in the genesis of complications of breast the activity of neutrophils as key effector cells responsible for the development of the inflammatory process in the breast. Investigation of the metabolic mechanisms of the functioning of neutrophils allows us to identify intracellular targets, when exposed to It was possible to modulate the level of cell reactivity.The study used data from 47 men with obstructive jaundice of non-tumor origin and 45 men with obstructive jaundice of tumor origin (stage I-II of the tumor process). As a control, data from 100 practically healthy men were used. A pronounced change in the kinetics of the chemiluminescent response of neutrophils in men with obstructive jaundice was found, consisting in an increase in the time to reach the maximum intensity, maximum intensity, area under the curve and activation index for both spontaneous and luminol-dependent induced chemiluminescence. The development of the tumor process in this category of patients was accompanied by a decrease in the area parameter under the curve during spontaneous and induced reactions, time to maximum, intensity maximum and activation index during spontaneous chemiluminescence. The data obtained indicate a marked increase in the values of the functional activity of neutrophils in patients with obstructive jaundice of benign origin, as well as a sharp decrease in their values in the presence of a pathological process of malignant origin.

Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in the Regional Blood Flow during Pelvic Venous Disorders in Women.

Activity of some antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathionedependent enzymes), as well as the level of LPO products in the region regional blood flow (collateral branches of the main trunks of ovarian veins) in women with pelvic venous disorders were studied. A compensatory increase in activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase during stage I of the disease was found; during stage II, superoxide dismutase activity decreased and glutathione peroxidase increased, while during stage III, pronounced decrease in activities of all studied enzymes was observed. The level of lipid peroxidation products in the regional blood flow increased as the disease progressed, with maximum values in the third stage.

Morphofunctional State of the Periodontal Tissues in Humans and Rats with Arterial Hypertension.

We performed comparative analysis of hemodynamic in the periodontal microcirculatory bed in adolescents with arterial hypertension (AH) and morphological changes in the periodontal tissues of in hypertensive ISIAH rats of comparable biological age. In the periodontal tissues of adolescents with hypertension, the blood flow velocity and index of peripheral resistance increased, while pulse pressure decreased. In ISIAH rats, the mean area of periodontal and pulp vessels increased and the area of the connective tissue decreased. These results can be used in the complex assessment of morphofunctional state periodontium during hypertension development.

[The relationship of hemodynamic parameters of periodontal microvascular bed and lipid peroxidation products in adolescents with arterial hypertension]. / Vzaimosvyaz' pokazatelei gemodinamiki mikrososudistogo rusla parodonta i produktov lipoperoksidatsii u podrostkov s arterial'noi gipertenziei.

THE AIM: Of the study was to establish the relationship of hemodynamic parameters of periodontal tissues and lipid peroxidation products in adolescents with arterial hypertension (AH). METHODS: The study included 132 adolescents (average age 14.51±1.91 years), from which 2 clinical groups (1 - the group with AH without periodontal disease (n=19, average age - 15±1.53 years) and 2 - the group with AH with periodontal diseases (n=57, average age - 14.7±1.89 years)) and 2 comparison groups (3 - the comparison group without AH and periodontal diseases (n=19, average age - 13.82±1.89 years) and 4 - comparison group without AH and with periodontal diseases (n=37, mean age - 14.57±2.01 years)) were formed. Hemodynamic analysis of the periodontal microcirculatory bed using the Doppler ultrasound method and the level of lipid peroxidation products using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods was performed. RESULTS: In adolescents with hypertension without and with inflammatory periodontal diseases as a whole, unidirectional changes in the hemodynamics of the vascular bed of the periodontium were observed in the form of increased values of the maximum blood flow velocity in systole and an increase in the peripheral resistance index. At the same time, the group with hypertension and periodontal disease was distinguished by lower values of these indicators. In the system of lipid peroxidation, increased values of ketodienes and conjugated trienes occurred in patients with hypertension without periodontal disease and end products that actively reacting with thiobarbituric acid in patients with hypertension and periodontal disease. Correlation analysis showed the presence of intersystem relationships between the hemodynamic parameters of the vascular bed of periodontal adolescents with hypertension without periodontal disease. In the group of adolescents with arterial hypertension and periodontal disease, there was a decrease in the correlation coefficients between intersystem parameters by almost two times, as well as the appearance of pathological dependencies between toxic metabolites of the lipid peroxidation process - products that actively reacting with thiobarbituric acid and vascular blood flow indicators. CONCLUSION: It has been noted that in adolescent patients with hypertension and periodontal diseases on the background of lower vascular blood flow and accumulation of end toxic metabolites, pathological dependencies occur between them, which may contribute to more intense damage to the tissues of the periodontal complex in the presence of hypertension.

Comparative Analysis of the Morphology of Dentition in Normotensive and Hypertensive Rats Exposed to Chronic Stress.

The peculiarities of the histological structure and morphometrical parameters of the dentition in ISIAH rats (inherited stress-induced arterial hypertension) before stress and after modeling of everyday life stress regimen (chronic stress) were compared with those in WAG rats. The area of blood vessels of the periodontium, the thickness of the endothelium in the periodontal and pulp vessels, and the number of fibroblasts were increased, while the level of odontoblasts was reduced in ISIAH rats both before and after exposure to chronic stress, which can reflect more pronounced reaction to stress in hypertensive animals.

Changes in the Periodontium and Pulp in ISIAH Rats Caused by Stress Exposures in Different Modes.

It was shown that the intensity of morphological changes in the dental system tissues (periodontium and pulp) of ISIAH rats depends on the mode of stress exposure. Acute stress was associated with a significant increase in the area of periodontal and pulp vessels, a decrease in the area of connective tissue of these components, and an increase in the thickness of the vascular endothelium. Chronic stress in these animals induced an increase in the thickness of the endothelial layer of the periodontal and pulp vessels, fibromatosis (increase in the number of fibroblasts), and a sharp decrease in the level of odontoblasts.

Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Defense System Depending on the Stage of Stress Reaction in Hypertensive ISIAH Rats.

The stages of stress reaction (anxiety and resistance) were reproduced on the model of stresssensitive hypertensive ISIAH rats. Analysis of the experimental data showed an increase in activity of the antioxidant defense system in ISIAH rats: total antioxidant activity of the blood and superoxide dismutase activity increased at the stage of anxiety and then decreased during the resistance stage.

Comparison of Reactivity of the Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Defense System in Normal and Hypertensive Rats at Different Stages of Stress-Reaction.

We compared changes in the parameters of LPO-antioxidant defense system at various stages of the stress response in mature male ISIAH rats (hereditary stress-induced arterial hypertension) and WAG rats in 3 h (stage of anxiety) and 7 days (resistance stage) after a 3-h single immobilization in the supine position. It was found that post-stress reactivity of the nonspecific stress-limiting LPO system is different in normotensive and hypertensive rats. ISIAH rats, irrespective of the stage of the stress-reaction, demonstrated more intense LPO reactions (accumulation of TBA-reactive products) and reduced antioxidant defense parameters (low content of lipid-soluble vitamins, increased oxidized glutathione content) in comparison with the corresponding parameters in WAG rats.

[The evaluation of the lipid peroxidation system and antioxidant defense in adolescent boys with exogenously constitutive obesity with using the coefficient of oxidative stress].

Child and adolescent obesity deserves special attention, since, beginning in adolescence, it progresses and leads to the development of complications already in the adult state. One of the leading mechanisms of the pathogenesis of obesity is the activation of oxidative stress reactions, with insufficient activity of antioxidant factors. There is an opinion that integrated indicators are more informative when assessing antioxidant status disorders compared to individual indicators. The state of lipid peroxidation processes was assessed in 42 adolescent boys, comparable in age (13-17 years old), 19 of them were diagnosed with exogenous-constitutional obesity. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods were used. In adolescent boys with obesity, there was a decrease in the concentration of primary products of LPO - diene conjugates (1.39 fold, p=0.007), with an increase in the level of secondary ketodienes and conjugated trienes (1.65 fold, p=0.011). In the antioxidant defense system, the differences in this group included reduced levels of α-tocopherol (1.42 fold, p=0.016), retinol (1.51 fold, p=0.003) and superoxide dismutase activity (1.19 fold, p<0.001), in the absence of significant changes in the blood total antioxidant activity and components of glutathione status in adolescent boys with obesity in comparison with control. The use of the total oxidative stress factor in the group of obese patients showed a high intensity of development of oxidative reactions, which confirms the results of the development of antioxidant insufficiency in this group of patients.

[Redox status parameters in adolescent-mongoloids with exogenously constitutional obesity and fatty hepatosis].

It is assumed that in the progression of obesity, complicated by fatty hepatosis in adolescents, a significant role is given to the reactions of oxidative stress with deficiency of antioxidant factors. However, an important factor that remains outside the field of view of researchers is the ethnicity of the patient, which is an important element in the development of a personalized approach in the treatment and prevention of diseases. In connection with this, the purpose of this study was to study the changes in the lipid peroxidation-antioxidant defense processes in adolescent Mongoloids with exogenously constitutional obesity complicated by fatty hepatosis. 18 adolescent boys with fatty hepatosis were examined on the background of exogenous-constitutional obesity of the first degree; 38 adolescent boys with exogenously constitutional obesity without changes in the liver and 37 practically healthy adolescents (control group). All subjects surveyed for ethnicity belonged to the Mongoloids. Spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods were used in the research. The results of the study indicated a high intensity of lipid peroxidation reactions in Mongoloid boys with obesity and fatty hepatosis relative to control values: an increase in blood plasma content of compounds with unsaturated double bonds (p<0.001), diene conjugates (p=0.0012), ketodienes and conjugated trienes (p<0.0001), in the absence of significant differences in the level of TBA-active products. Increased values of total antioxidant activity in blood plasma (p=0.0023) and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity (p=0.0072), decreased levels of fat-soluble vitamins in blood plasma [α-tocopherol (p<0.0001) and retinol (p=0.0011)] and oxidized form of glutathione in erythrocytes (p=0.0083) have been found. The pronounced insufficiency of fatsoluble vitamins - α-tocopherol and retinol in patients of the main group was also noted in comparison with patients without morphological changes in the liver. Thus, in teenage Mongoloids with exogenously constitutional obesity and fatty hepatosis, it is possible to recommend antioxidant drugs in addition to basic metabolic therapy.

Coupling of Lipoperoxidation Reactions with Changes in Arterial Blood Pressure in Hypertensive ISIAH Rats under Conditions of Chronic Stress.

Mature normotensive male WAG rats and stress-sensitive hypertensive ISIAH rats were exposed to "everyday life stress" modelled by alternation of immobilization and adaptation. Increased LPO intensity (increased content of substrates with unsaturated double bonds and primary and secondary LPO products) and reduced content of some antioxidant protection components (reduced retinol level and GSH/GSSG ratio) were revealed in the blood of ISIAH rats. These changes correlated with elevated mean BP. The results can reflect the significant role of LPO changes in the pathogenesis of stress-induced arterial hypertension.

Evaluation of lipid peroxidation processes in patients with chronic parenteral viral hepatitis and HIV co-infection depending on degree of inflammatory process activity in the liver.

AIM: To evaluate of parameters of lipid peroxidation - antioxidant defense changes in women of fertile age with chronic viral hepatitis (CVH) and with HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection, depending on the degree of inflammatory process activity in the liver. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 99 women of reproductive age were examined, of them 44 patients with chronic parenteral viral hepatitis, 27 patients with HIV co-infection (HIV + hepatitis B and/or C) and 28 practically healthy women (control group). RESULTS: Patients with CVH in combination with HIV-infection with the presence of minimal and low degree of inflammatory activity in comparison with patients with CVH-monoinfection had a higher content of lipid peroxidation products (an increase in the content of diene conjugates and ketodienes and conjugated trienes), reduced values of total antioxidant activity, superoxide dismutase activity, as well as the concentration of fat-soluble vitamins α-tocopherol and retinol. In the group with CVH and HIV with moderate and high degree of activity, similar, but even more pronounced changes in the system of lipid peroxidation were observed. CONCLUSION: The presence of co-infection - CVH in combination with HIV infection with minimal and low, as well as moderate and high inflammatory activity, is characterized by more intensive lipid peroxidation processes and a pronounced lack of antioxidant factors than with CVH-monoinfection.

Oxidative Stress as a Mechanisms of Reduced Glucose Absorption under Conditions of Immobilization Stress.

Experimental studies demonstrated inhibition of glucose absorption in the jejunum in acute and chronic 1-h daily immobilization stress, with the maximum inhibition on day 7 of immobilization. These changes correlate with the development of oxidative stress in animals over the entire duration of the experiment, which manifested by an increase in the content of the primary and end LPO products and decrease of the total antioxidant activity of the blood. Correction of these shifts with the antioxidant drug inhibits accumulation of LPO products and increases antioxidant defense and glucose absorption rate. These data prove the important role of peroxidation in regulation of glucose absorption.

Effect of Preparation Based on Trametes Pubescens Xylotroph Fungi on Lipid Peroxidation in the Blood of Experimental Animals under Conditions of Dark Stress.

Using the model of dark stress caused by animal maintenance at dimmed light we showed that Trametin (product obtained during liquid-phase culturing of Trametes pubescens xylotroph fungi) effectively prevented oxidative stress under conditions of light deprivation. The preparation increased the level of unsaturation of lipids, reduced the concentration of primary and end-products of LPO, and increases both the integral parameter of the antioxidant defense system (total antioxidant activity) and its components (activity of superoxide dismutase and reduced glutathione).

Activity of LPO Processes in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and Infertility.

Specific features of LPO processes and antioxidant defense were studied in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and infertility. Changes in LPO processes in patients with PCOS were compensatory, which manifested in increased α-tocopherol and retinol concentrations and moderate decrease in superoxide dismutase activity. Intensification of prooxidant processes was found in the group of patients with infertility without PCOS. The observed changes necessitate differentiated approach to the treatment of these patients.

[Evaluation of the pro- and antioxidant status of women with HIV or coinfection]. / Otsenka pro- i antioksidantnogo statusa u zhenshchin s VICh i koinfektsiei.

AIM: To reveal the specific features of changes in the parameters of lipid peroxidation - antioxidant defense and the status of the reproductive system in women of fertile age with monoinfection (HIV) or coinfection (HIV and hepatitis B and/or C). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: 81 reproductive-aged women were examined and divided into 3 groups: 1) 28 apparently healthy women (controls); 2) 26 patients with HIV monoinfection; and 3) 27 patients with HIV coinfection (HIV + hepatitis B and/or C) who had not previously received antiretroviral therapy. RESULTS: The HIV coinfection group showed the higher values of primary (conjugated dienes) and secondary (ketodienes and conjugated trienes) lipid peroxidation products in the presence of lower superoxide dismutase activity and obvious α-tocopherol deficiency than the control and HIV monoinfection groups. HIV coinfection in reproductive-aged women was accompanied by the high frequency of luteal phase deficiency. CONCLUSION: HIV coinfection is characterized by a more pronounced oxidative stress, antioxidant factor deficiency, and the high frequency of luteal phase deficiency in the patients.