[Parasitic diseases in fishes habiting the water reservoirs in the Orenburg Region].

The material to be analyzed has been provided by the Orenburg regional veterinary laboratory as work reports. The study material units (fish, autoptic data) totaled 11452 specimens over 2001-2005. Two major groups of diseases--protozoan diseases and helminthism--have been identified. Analysis of the studies suggests that the parasitological state of the water reservoirs is complicated in the Orenburg Region.

Role of aqueous medium in mechanisms underlying the influence of immunoactive peptides in ultralow doses.

The mechanism underlying the influence of peptides in ultralow doses is based on distant signal transduction from the ligand molecules to target cells by means of water solitons. Biological activity of synthetic immunoactive peptides in concentrations below 10(-18) M depends on their structural and conformational characteristics. The data on temperature dependencies of the near-infrared spectrum for solutions of these peptides are presented.

[The study of the role of the water medium in the mechanism of action of peptides in low and ultra low doses]. / Izuchenie roli vodnoi sredy v mekhanizmakh deistviia peptidov v malykh i sverkhmalykh dozakh.

The correlation between the structures and conformations of short peptides KE, EW, AEDG and other, their influence on the dynamic properties of water and dose/biologic effect dependencies in a wide range of concentrations were regarded. Their effects on the dynamic properties of water were studied by temperature dependencies (5-45 degrees C) of infrared spectra of the solutions in the near (5180 cm-1) and far (200 cm-1). In vitro biotesting included the determination of the proliferative activity of thymocytes, a bimodal curve with the second maximum were detected at super-low doses (10(-17)-10(-15) mol/l). Authors propose a hypothesis that for superlow concentrations the formation and distance transmission of a signal from ligand to a target cell without the formation of any ligand-receptor complex take place. An active role in this model belongs to water medium acting according to the solution mechanism.

Possible involvement of aqueous medium in distant signal transmission from immunoactive dipeptides.

Possible involvement of aqueous medium in distant signal transmission to target cells through solitons without formation of the ligand-receptor complexes is discussed. Temperature dependence of IR spectra for dipeptide and amino acid solutions in the far and near IR regions are presented, which prove principal possibility of such processes.

[Effect of amino acids and low molecular weight peptides on the dynamics of water]. / Vliianie aminokislot i nizkomolekuliarnykh peptidov na dinamiku vody.

The effect of amino acids and low-molecular-weight peptides on the dynamics of water was studied. Water medium together with molecules of dipeptides and amino acids dissolved in it is considered as a complex of interacting anharmonic oscillators. It was shown that the temperature behaviour of this system is determined by nonlinear resonances, which give rise to both the phenomenon of self-synchronization in the whole system or its part and to the phenomena of phase instability and coherence decay, depending on the store of oscillatory energy. Dissolved molecules are also involved in these oscillations, and if the frequencies and amplitudes of their oscillations are within the range in which nonlinear resonance occurs, they can affect the movement of the whole system.

[Rhythmic fluctuations in hemoglobin oxygen affinity in premature infants over the space of 24 hours]. / Ritmicheskie kolebaniia srodstva gemoglobina k kislorodu u nedonoshennykh detei na protiazhenii sutok.

The noninvasive method for estimating the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen (expressed as P50, oxygen tension at 50% hemoglobin saturation) allowed the authors to follow its time variations. Significant changes of P50 during 24 hours were demonstrated to occur in 16 preterm babies (the gestational age 30-37 weeks, body weight 1850-3000 g) with perinatal encephalopathy, along with fluctuations of tcpCO2, tcpO2, and SpO2. The changes of all these variables were rhythmic; the periods of best fitting cosine curves for P50 were 3-35 hours; double amplitudes, 2.92-17.42 mm Hg; the midline estimating statistics of rhythm, 18.2-33.7 mm Hg. There was a significant correlation between tcpO2 and P50 in 10 babies; in 7 cases, the acrophases of their rhythms coincided (the mean difference was 0.06 +/- 1.1 h). Thus, P50 in preterm babies is varying during a day, it varies periodically, in some cases the variations are due to the changes in pCO2.

[Development of integrative vectors for Actinomycetes--producers of antibiotics]. / Sozdanie integrativnykh vektorov dlia aktinomitsetov--produtsentov antibiotikov.

The integrative vectors pSU 475 and pSU 476 with variable numbers of copies per genome were developed for antibiotic producing actinomycetes. For this, the amplifying sequence AUD-Sr 1 of Streptomyces rimosus and the BamHIB fragment of the eSA 1 genetic element from Streptomyces antibioticus were used. The eSA 1 fragment was an element required for integration of a vector to the actinomycete chromosomes since it was homologous with the chromosomal DNAs of S. lividans, S. erythraeus and S. antibioticus. At the first stage the AUD-Sr 1 sequence within the actinomycete plastid pSU 23 was cloned by the vector pUC 19 to E coli. In that experiment the 12.4-kb plasmid pSU 449 was isolated. At the second stage the BamHIB-fragment of the eSA 1 element was incorporated into the resultant hybrid plasmid pSU 449. The 16.5-kb hybrid plasmids pSU 475 and pSU 476 were isolated. In these plasmids the BamHIB fragment of eSA 1 was present in two orientations. The developed vectors were useful in cloning DNA to S. lividans and S. erythraeus.

[Development of arterial pressure rhythm and cardiac contraction rate and effects of beta-adrenomimetic agents]. / Stanovlenie ritmov arterial'nogo davleniia i chastoty serdechnykh sokrashchenii i vliianie beta-adrenomimetikov.

Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) rhythms were studied in premature infants (299 profiles ranged 24-106 h at 20--min intervals) and 11-13-year-old children (19 profiles for 48 h at 15-min intervals) to explore ultradian-to-circannual rhythm characteristics in BP and HR in preterm human infant and to elucidate the influence of antenatal betamimetic (BM) exposure on adolescent BP and HR rhythms. A circannual modulation of the 3-h amplitude (A) or MESOR of systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) was seen mainly in prematures with a positive family history of high BP on the father's (f+) side or with both a patro linous and matro-linous history (f+m+), the circannual modulation of HR ultradian A was statistically significant only in "f- m-" infants. In urine collected at 3 h intervals for 24-h spans from 21 premature infants Na+,K+ and 11-oxycorticosteroids had a significant circadian rhythm. 9 adolescents (BM+), which were exposed in utero to different BM doses, had a significantly higher SBP and DBP MESOR and numerically higher circadian A as compared to 10 controls (BM-); correlation (P less than 0.05) between BM dose and HR circadian A was found. DBP led SBP in 8 or 10 "BM-" but in 4 of 9 "BM+" (acrophase difference 17 min and 3 min correspondingly).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Transfer of various markers in Lactobacilli during transformation of plasmid DNA and joint cultivation]. / Perenos razlichnykh markerov u laktobatsill pri transformatsii plasmidnoi DNK i pri ikh sovmestnom kul'tivirovanii.

A system providing a high frequency genetic transfer of various markers making the reference strain Lactobacillus buchneri 1837 resistant to Lm, Em and Fus, able to ferment some carbohydrates and antagonistic against Pseudomonas diminuta CCM 2657 was developed. The frequency of the marker transfer during the lactobacilli joint cultivation was 1.5 X 10(-5) = 5.5 X 10(-5) to 1.5 X 10(-4) = 5.5 X 10(-4) which was 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than the marker transfer frequency during transformation of L. buchneri NRRLB 1837 with plasmid DNA of different lactobacilli. The recombinants and transformants resulting from the joint cultivation of lactobacilli contained a plasmid about 60 kb in length which provided cells of L. buchneri NRRLB 1837 with resistance to fusidin, antagonistic activity against Pseudomonas diminuta and capacity for utilizing sucrose and sorbite. It was shown possible to integrate the plasmid DNA about 26.5 kb in length contained in the cells of L. casei MT 205 to the chromosomes of erythromycin resistant transformants. The results of the investigation of the biological properties of the recombinants and transformants and their plasmid profiles were confirmed with the Southern DNA-DNA hybridization.

[Structural changes in the composition of amplifying sequence AUD-Sr1 of Streptomyces rimosus after cloning into Escherichia coli]. / Strukturnye izmeneniia v sostave amplifitsiruiushcheisia posledovatel'nosti AUD-Sr1 Streptomyces rimosus posle klonirovaniia v Escherichia coli.

The presence of four EcoRV sites in the composition of the amplifying sequence AUD-Sr1 of S. rimosus resulting from its introduction on vector pUC19 into E. coli was studied. It was shown that the sequence had no EcoRV sites in a S. lividans strain while a number of plasmid and phage DNAs and chromosomal DNA of the strain were to be affected by EcoRV. The following regularities were observed: practically all the investigated hybrid plasmids from E. coli contained EcoRV sites in the composition of the AUD, EcoRV sites were present in strictly specified loci of the AUD sequence, appearance of an EcoRV site was accompanied by an increase in the size of the AUD fragment which contained it, the inserts detected in the SacI-PvuII fragment of the AUD were small in size (0.1 to 0.8 kb) and varied in different hybrid plasmids. The following mechanisms are discussed: insertion of the E. coli IS element into the AUD-Sr1 and high mutability of the amplifying sequence AUD-Sr1 in E. coli.

[Plasmid pSE21 of Streptomyces erythraeus strains]. / Plazmida pSE21 shtamma Streptomyces erythraeus.

Crossing of S. erythraeus 4, a laboratory strain (NRRL 2338) containing a family of plasmids with S. erythraeus 1, a plasmid-free strain resulted in formation of strain 6. A multi-copy plasmid pSE21 11.5 kb in length was isolated from S. erythraeus 6. A detailed restriction map of plasmid pSE21 was constructed. Its cloning to E. coli YM83 on vector pUC19 showed that plasmid pSE21 was not stable in E. coli. It was found that the status of plasmid pSE21 changed in relation to the physiological state of S. erythraeus 6. Southern hybridization of the plasmid pSE21 DNA with the total DNA of the cultures of S. erythraeus 1 maintained for various periods at 4 degrees C demonstrated that plasmid pSE21 was present in S. erythraeus 1 in an autonomous state in 0.1 to 0.2 copies per genome. The number of the plasmid pSE21 copies could be decreased. The chromosomal DNA of S. erythraeus 1 contained the DNA sequences highly homologous to those of plasmid pSE21. It was assumed that during the crossing of S. erythraeus 4 with S. erythraeus 1 the genetic element from the donor strain was transferred to the recipient strain which in some way changed the plasmid pSE21 status and imparted the multicopy pattern to it. Further investigation of the plasmid pSE21 properties and construction of a vector for S. erythraeus on the plasmid basis are under way.

[Genetic mobility of plasmids of Streptomyces erythraeus]. / Geneticheskaia mobil'nost' plazmid Streptomyces erythraeus.

Grossing of S. erythraeus 4 with S. erythraeus 1 resulted in transfer of genetic elements from strain 4 to strain 1 as evidence by the 20 and 18 kb fragments in the experiments on DNA-DNA hybridization. The presence of the genetic elements in strain 1 was the cause of plasmid pSE 21 mobility. In strain 6, a derivative of S. erythraeus 1 plasmid pSE 21 was accompanied by other extrachromosomal DNAs characterized by high instability. During storage of the strain at a temperature of 4 degrees C for more than 1 or 2 months the number of the plasmid pSE 21 copies decreased. When the strain was stored for longer periods (6 months or more) the plasmid DNA was not detectable even with the DNA-DNA hybridization procedure. The results of hybridization of a fraction of the extrachromosomal DNA of S. erythraeus 6, the Bam HIB fragment of plasmid pSE 21 with the total DNA of strains 1, 4, 5, 6 and BTCC 2 of S. erythraeus and hybridization of DNA of plasmid pSE 21 with the total DNA of S. erythraeus 6 and 1 showed that (1) strains 1, 5 and BTCC 2 had the same hybridization patterns, (2) the other extrachromosomal DNAs present in the fraction were homologous with the Bam HIA fragment of plasmid pSE 21, (3) chromosomes of strains 1, 4, 5, 6 and BTCC 2 of S. erythraeus also contained DNA homologous to the plasmid Bam HIA fragment. It was suggested that plasmid pSE 21 could be used as a basis for constructing the integrative vector for S. erythraeus.

[Effect of low doses of ionizing radiation on bone marrow cell chromosomes in Microtus oeconomus Pall]. / Vozdeistvie malykh doz ioniziruiushchei radiatsii na khromosomy kletok kostnogo mozga polevki-ékonomki.

It is shown that Microtus oeconomus Pall. living in conditions of enhanced natural radioactive background do not suffer from the increased radioactivity with regard to the induction of cytogenetic disturbances in bone marrow cells. It is supposed that these animals are more radioresistant than Microtus oeconomus Pall. living in vivaria.

[Effect of alpha particles on bacteriophage T4]. / Deistvie al'fa-chastits na bakteriofag T4.

Exponential survival curves were obtained for a dry film culture of bacteriophage T4 Br+ after exposure to both alpha-particles and gamma-quanta. Relative biological effectiveness of alpha-particles was 4.68 with respect to survival. The mutation spectrum after alpha-irradiation slightly differed from that produced by gamma-radiation.

The effect of alpha particles on bacteriophage T4Br+.

It is generally accepted that heavy charged particles play an important part in generating the secondary flux of nuclear particles formed by the interaction of space hadrons with nuclei. It is assumed that these particles are responsible for the high biological efficiency of space hadrons in causing cellular damage by their strong interactions. To examine this assumption we investigated the effects of 5.3 MeV alpha particles on bacteriophage T4. This energy provides a LET value of 88.6 KeV/micrometer lying in the range of the highest biological efficiency.