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1.
J Assoc Physicians India ; 71(4): 11-12, 2023 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37355788

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: World Health Organization (WHO) declared Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) as a pandemic in March 2020. The disease showed a wide range of severity ranging from being asymptomatic to causing high mortality. Various laboratory parameters were investigated, which could be used as biomarkers to determine the severity of the disease. The objective of the present study was to analyze hematological, coagulation, and immunological markers in mild, moderate, severe, and critical cases of COVID-19 patients and their relation to the outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective observational study of 1,000 COVID-19-positive hospitalized patients was conducted. Cases were classified into mild, moderate, severe, and critical groups using WHO guidelines. Along with demographic data, hematological, coagulation, and inflammatory parameters were analyzed and correlated with severity and survival. RESULT: Out of the total 1,000 cases, there were 510 cases in mild, 232 in moderate, 201 in severe, and 57 in the critical category. Increase in total white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and inflammatory parameters like C-reactive protein (CRP), serum ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and decrease in absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) showed significant difference with disease severity and survival. CONCLUSION: These are important biomarkers to predict the prognosis and outcome of COVID-19 patients. As these markers are easily available, they could be used to categorize the patients at an early stage for optimum management.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Humanos , Recuento de Leucocitos , Biomarcadores , Recuento de Linfocitos , Pronóstico , Neutrófilos , Estudios Retrospectivos
2.
Indian J Pathol Microbiol ; 63(1): 106-108, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32031135

RESUMEN

Monotypic angiomyolipoma is usually found in the kidneys and is composed predominantly of epithelioid cells which show positivity for melanocyte and smooth muscle markers. It can pose a diagnostic challenge due to a range of differential diagnosis. We report the second case of monotypic angiomyolipoma of nasal cavity and first from India in a 54-year-old male who presented with a nasal polyp. Grossly the tumor was well circumscribed and un-encapsulated. Microscopy showed a large number of epithelioid cells mixed with a few spindle cells, varying sized blood vessels, and focal areas of adipose tissue. Immunohistochemistry was positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and human melanoma black (HMB-45) stains. It is important to identify this tumor as it can sometimes be mistaken for malignancy and only needs endoscopic resection.


Asunto(s)
Angiomiolipoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Epistaxis/etiología , Cavidad Nasal/patología , Neoplasias Nasales/diagnóstico por imagen , Biomarcadores de Tumor , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Técnicas Histológicas , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cavidad Nasal/diagnóstico por imagen , Pólipos Nasales/patología , Neoplasias Nasales/cirugía , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X
3.
Indian Heart J ; 70 Suppl 3: S489-S491, 2018 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30595314

RESUMEN

Thyroid dysfunctions, particularly hypothyroidism, predispose to cardiovascular diseases, such as atherosclerotic coronary artery disease. However, thyroid functions are not always assessed in such patients. In this report, we studied the cases with pathologically evident ischemic heart disease (IHD) at autopsy and correlated with the absence or presence of thyroid disease. In a 5-year retrospective autopsy-based study, cases with IHD in whom the thyroid gland was dissected at autopsy were analyzed. The thyroid gland was available for assessment in 181 of the 255 autopsied cases with IHD. The majority were males with a mean age of 59.9 years. Thyroid pathology was noted in 58 patients (32.0%) in the form of uninodular or multinodular goiter (56.9%), lymphocytic thyroiditis (37.9%), and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (5.2%). Based on our experience, we feel it may be worthwhile to assess the thyroid by simple inspection and palpation followed by ultrasonographic imaging and estimations of hormones, thyroid-stimulating hormone and antithyroidal antibodies, in all patients presenting with IHD.


Asunto(s)
Isquemia Miocárdica/complicaciones , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Glándula Tiroides/patología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Autopsia , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Isquemia Miocárdica/diagnóstico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Enfermedades de la Tiroides/etiología
5.
Postgrad Med J ; 91(1074): 200-5, 2015 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25748520

RESUMEN

AIMS: To review the clinical and pathological factors associated with fulminant amoebic colitis (FAC) requiring colonic resection and its outcome. METHODS: We retrospectively identified adult patients admitted to our centre between June 2007 and December 2011 with FAC who underwent colonic resection and were diagnosed with amoebic colitis based on the presence of trophozoites on histological examination. The clinical details were extracted from the medical notes and correlated with the pathological findings. RESULTS: Thirty patients (18 men and 12 women) met the inclusion criteria. Their mean age was 50.1 years (range 21-89). The most frequent symptoms were abdominal pain, vomiting and fever. More than half the patients (16/30) had underlying conditions associated with immunosuppression including diabetes mellitus and tuberculosis. Pathological investigation of colonic resections showed predominantly right-sided involvement with geographic colonic ulcers covered with a creamy-white pseudomembrane, perforations, gangrenous changes, amoeboma and lesions mimicking inflammatory bowel disease. All showed basophilic dirty necrosis with abundant nuclear debris and amoebic trophozoites on histological examination. 21/30 patients (70%) had involvement beyond the caecum. 17/30 patients (57%) died. Those with involvement beyond the caecum were more likely to die (15/21, 71.4%) than those with less extensive disease. CONCLUSIONS: FAC presents as acute abdomen and can mimic appendicitis, ischaemic bowel disease, tuberculosis and malignancy. Comorbidities causing immunosuppression frequently associated. Mortality remains high despite surgery, so FAC should be suspected in every case of acute abdomen with colonic perforation if associated with typical gross and microscopic findings and a history of stay in an endemic area.


Asunto(s)
Ciego/patología , Colectomía/métodos , Disentería Amebiana/complicaciones , Disentería Amebiana/diagnóstico , Dolor Abdominal/parasitología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ciego/parasitología , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Disentería Amebiana/patología , Femenino , Fiebre/parasitología , Humanos , Inmunohistoquímica , India/epidemiología , Tiempo de Internación , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Tasa de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vómitos/parasitología
6.
Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus ; 30(Suppl 1): 21-3, 2014 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25332524

RESUMEN

A 26 year old lady came with intermittent fever since eight months. She also complained of abdominal pain and decreased appetite for six months. She had swelling of feet and distension of abdomen due to ascites since one month. There was history of jaundice one month back. On radiological examination, hepatomegaly with dilated portal vein, massive splenomegaly and ascites without any lymphadenopathy was noted. Chest X-ray was normal. Blood examination and bone marrow studies were inconclusive. We received her liver biopsy, which showed normal architecture and sinusoidal infiltration by a monomorphic population of small to intermediate sized lymphoid cells. Portal tracts were free of such infiltrate. These lymphoid cells were LCA, CD3, CD43 positive and negative for CD20, CD34, CD4, CD8 and c-kit. Based on all these features, a diagnosis of Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma was made. She was treated symptomatically, however she died within two months of diagnosis.

7.
Congenit Heart Dis ; 9(4): 280-5, 2014.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23834022

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: Nephropathy is a known complication in cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD). This study was undertaken for an objective analysis of histopathological changes of cyanotic nephropathy at autopsy. DESIGN: Retrospective case records studied. SETTING: Tertiary care teaching hospital affiliated to medical college in Mumbai, India. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The renal histopathological findings of 50 consecutive autopsies in patients with CCHD were compared with 25 age-matched controls. The Bowman's capsular, glomerular tuft, and hilar arteriolar diameters were measured morphometrically. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t-test. A P value equal to or less than .05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Among the 50 autopsied cases of CCHD, there were 35 males and 15 females, with a mean age of 4.64 years. The renal changes observed were glomerulomegaly, glomerulosclerosis, periglomerular fibrosis, hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis, and interstitial fibrosis. The objectively measured parameters were higher in cases as compared with controls in all age groups, and further these were also found to be higher in patients having decreased pulmonary arterial blood flow than those having normal to increased pulmonary arterial blood flow. The difference in Bowman's capsular and glomerular tuft diameters was statistically significant in the neonates and children in the age groups, 1-5 years and above 10 years. The difference in hilar arteriolar diameter was statistically significant for all age groups except neonates. CONCLUSION: Patients with CCHD show significant changes in the kidneys as assessed morphometrically, leading to renal dysfunction, and the age of the patients plays a role in their development.


Asunto(s)
Cianosis/etiología , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Enfermedades Renales/etiología , Riñón/patología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Autopsia , Niño , Preescolar , Cianosis/diagnóstico , Cianosis/mortalidad , Femenino , Fibrosis , Cardiopatías Congénitas/diagnóstico , Cardiopatías Congénitas/mortalidad , Hospitales de Enseñanza , Humanos , India , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Riñón/fisiopatología , Enfermedades Renales/diagnóstico , Enfermedades Renales/mortalidad , Enfermedades Renales/fisiopatología , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Adulto Joven
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