[Central trochlear nerve palsy treated with inferior oblique muscle weakening]. / Parálisis central del nervio troclear tratada con debilitamiento del músculo oblicuo inferior.

TITLE: Parálisis central del nervio troclear tratada con debilitamiento del músculo oblicuo inferior.

Peripapillary and optic nerve head vessel density of glaucoma and healthy subjects from Afro-Caribbean and European descent: A pilot study.

PURPOSE: To compare the peripapillary and optic nerve head vessel density (PP-ONH VD) between glaucoma patients (all, early, moderated, and advanced) and healthy subjects of Afro-Caribbean descent (AD) and European descent (ED). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. One eye was evaluated in 90 subjects, including 66 glaucoma patients and 24 healthy subjects, who underwent PP-ONH VD imaging using SPECTRALIS® Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCT-A). We analysed the superficial vascular complex using the AngioTool version 0.6a software. The correlation between the PP-ONH VD and visual field mean deviation (MD) was evaluated using a scatter plot and Spearman's rho correlation coefficient. RESULTS: Among the healthy subjects, the AD group had a lower superficial PP-ONH VD [43.29±3.25% (mean±standard deviation)] than the ED group (46.06±1.75%) (P=0.016). Overall, superficial PP-ONH VD did not show any significant differences between the total AD and ED glaucoma patients or in the subgroup analyses (early/moderate/advanced) (AD: 32.73±6.70%, 37.11±5.72%, 32.48±5.73%, 27.76±4.74%, respectively; ED: 33.94±6.89%, 38.52±3.82%, 35.56±4.18%; 27.65±6.31%, respectively) (P>0.05 for all). A strong, statistically significant correlation was established between vessel density and mean deviation among AD and ED glaucoma patients (r=0.709 and r=0.704, respectively) (P<0.001 for both). CONCLUSION: This pilot study shows that healthy subjects of AD had lower peripapillary and optic nerve head superficial vessel density than healthy subjects of ED, but no significant differences were found between AD and ED glaucoma groups (all, early, moderate, or advanced).

Ocular involvement in a patient with Sweet syndrome: report of a case and review of the literature. / Afectación oftalmológica en el contexto de un síndrome de Sweet: comunicación de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

The case presented is a 66-year-old woman who attended the emergency department due to skin lesions on the limbs, facial oedema, and eye redness accompanied by haemorrhagic conjunctivitis. The symptoms resolved after one week of systemic steroid treatment. Skin biopsy confirmed Sweet syndrome. Sweet syndrome is rare disorder and unknown by most ophthalmologists despite its frequent ophthalmological manifestations. Ocular involvement is present in one third of patients, with episcleritis and conjunctivitis being the most repeated. Pathology findings confirm the diagnosis which is also characterised by a rapid response to systemic corticosteroids.