Efficient adsorption of cationic dyes by a novel honeycomb-like porous hydrogel with ultrahigh mechanical property.

The optimization of hydrogel structure is crucial for adsorption capacity, mechanical stability, and reusability. Herein, a chitosan and laponite-XLS co-doped poly(acrylic acid-co-acrylamide) hydrogel (CXAA) with honeycomb-like porous structures is synthesized by cooperative cross-linking of 2-hydroxypropyltrimethyl ammonium chloride chitosan (HACC) and laponite-XLS in reticular frameworks of acrylic acid (AAc) and acrylamide (AM). The CXAA exhibits extraordinary mechanical performances including tough tensile strength (3.36 MPa) and elasticity (2756 %), which facilitates recycling in practical adsorption treatment and broadens potential applications. Since the regular porous structures can fully expose numerous adsorption sites and electronegative natures within polymer materials, CXAA displays efficient and selective adsorption properties for cationic dyes like methylene blue (MB) and malachite green (MG) from mixed pollutants and can reach record-high values (MB = 6886 mg g-1, MG = 11,381 mg g-1) compared with previously reported adsorbents. Therefore, CXAA exhibits promising potential for separating cationic and anionic dyes by their charge disparities. Mechanism studies show that the synergistic effects of HACC, laponite-XLS, and functional groups in monomers promote highly efficient adsorption. Besides, the adsorption capacity of CXAA remains stable even after undergoing five cycles of regeneration. The results confirm that CXAA is a promising adsorbent for effectively removing organic dyes in wastewater.

An Innovative Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based NIR Fluorescent Probe for Visualizing Carboxylesterases in Living Cells, Zebrafish, and Tumor-Bearing Mice.

In the human body, carboxylesterases (CEs) play crucial roles in xenobiotic metabolism and lipid homeostasis. But abnormal expression of CEs is highly associated with some diseases, such as hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and liver cancer. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop an efficient tool for the accurate detection of CEs in living organisms. Herein, an innovative near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe, TTAP-AB, was designed for CE detection based on the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) mechanism. This probe exhibits rapid response (2 min), excellent sensitivity (limit of detection = 8.14 × 10-6 U/mL), and high selectivity to CEs. Additionally, owing to its good biocompatibility, the TTAP-AB probe enables the monitoring of dynamic changes in CE levels under drug-induced modulation in living cells and zebrafish. More importantly, the TTAP-AB probe was successfully employed to image liver tumors and assist in tumor resection through the real-time monitoring of CEs, indicating that TTAP-AB is promising to guide liver cancer surgery. Therefore, the TTAP-AB probe can not only enrich the strategies for CE detection in biological systems but also has great potential for some clinical imaging applications, including medical diagnosis, preclinical research, and imaging-guided surgery.

Structural characterization and immune activity evaluation of a polysaccharide from Lyophyllum Decastes.

An innovative acidic hydrolysate fingerprinting workflow was proposed for the characterization of Lyophyllum Decastes polysaccharide (LDP) by ultra performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS). The crude polysaccharides were firstly separated and purified by using DE-52 column and the BRT GPC purification system, respectively. The molecular weight and monosaccharide content of homogeneous polysaccharides were ascertained by utilizing HPGPC and ion chromatography separately. Secondly, the linkage of LDP was identified by methylation analysis and 1D/2D NMR spectra. The UPLC-MS/MS was used to scan and identify the acidic hydrolysate products of LDP using the PGC column. The oligosaccharides were collected by chromatography and identified by mass spectrometry. Thirdly, the expression of IL-1ß, IL-6, iNOS, TNF-α and IFNAR-I was measured in order to assess the immunological activity of LDP. Besides, the targeted receptors identification of polysaccharides was performed by screening the expression of TLRs family protein. The results showed that oligosaccharide fragments with different molecular weights can be obtained by partial hydrolysis, which further verified that the structures of LDP polysaccharides was a 1-6-linked ß-glucan. Moreover, the LDP polysaccharide can up-regulate the content of IL-1ß, IL-6, iNOS, TNF-α and IFNAR-I and plays an important immunoregulation role through TLRs family.

Mechanism and origin of enantioselectivity for organocatalyzed asymmetric heteroannulation of alkynes in the construction of axially chiral C2-arylquinoline.

Axially chiral C2-arylquinoline has been successfully constructed via asymmetric heteroannulation of alkynes catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid with high yield and high enantioselectivity. Inspired by this intriguing work, theoretical calculations have been carried out, and the detailed reaction mechanism has been elaborated, in which the whole reaction can be divided into steps including hydrogen transfer, C-N bonding, annulation reaction and the final dehydration processes. The initial hydrogen-transfer reaction has two possible pathways, while the subsequent C-N bonding process has eight possible pathways. Then, after the annulation reaction and the final dehydration processes, the major product and byproduct were formed. QTAIM and IGMH analyses were used to illustrate the role of weak intermolecular interactions in the catalytic process, and the distortion/interaction and EDA analyses provided a deeper understanding of the origin of enantioselectivity. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental results. This work would provide valuable insights into asymmetric reactions catalyzed by chiral phosphoric acid.

Comparison of oXiris and Conventional Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Managing Severe Abdominal Infections: Impact on Septic Shock Mortality.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to assess and compare the efficacy of oXiris with conventional continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in managing severe abdominal infections. METHODS: A retrospective analysis encompassing cases from 2017 to 2023 was conducted at the Department of Critical Care Medicine within the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University. Parameters including heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), oxygenation index (OI), lactate (Lac), platelet count (PLT), neutrophil ratio (N%), procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), norepinephrine (NE) dosage, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) were recorded prior to treatment initiation, at 24 hours, and 72 hours post-treatment for both the oXiris and conventional CRRT groups. Additionally, the duration of respiratory support, CRRT treatment, length of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU), total hospitalization period, as well as mortality rates at 14 and 28 days for both groups were recorded. RESULTS: 1) Within the conventional CRRT group, notable enhancement was observed solely in Lac levels at 24 hours post-treatment compared to pre-treatment levels. Also, at 72 hours post-treatment, improvements were evident in HR, Lac, CRP, and IL-6 levels. 2) Conversely, the oXiris group exhibited improvements in HR, MAP, Lac, OI, N%, and IL-6 at 24 hours post-treatment when compared to baseline values. Additionally, reductions were observed in APACHE II and SOFA scores. At 72 hours post-treatment, all parameters demonstrated enhancement except for PLT. 3) Analysis of the changes in the indexes (Δ) between the two groups at 24 hours post-treatment revealed variances in HR, MAP, Lac, NE dosage, CRP levels, IL-6 levels, APACHE II scores, and SOFA scores. 4) The Δ indexes at 72 hours post-treatment indicated more significant improvements following oXiris treatment for both groups, except for PCT. 5) The 14-day mortality rate (24.4%) exhibited a significant reduction in the oXiris group when compared to the conventional group (43.6%). However, no significant difference was observed in the 28-day mortality rate between the two groups. 6) Subsequent to multifactorial logistic regression analysis, the results indicated that oXiris treatment correlated with a noteworthy decrease in the 14-day and 28-day mortality rates associated with severe abdominal infections, by 71.3% and 67.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: oXiris demonstrates clear advantages over conventional CRRT in the management of severe abdominal infections. Notably, it reduces the fatality rates, thereby establishing itself as a promising and potent therapeutic option.

Machine Learning Approach in Dosage Individualization of Isoniazid for Tuberculosis.

INTRODUCTION: Isoniazid is a first-line antituberculosis agent with high variability, which would profit from individualized dosing. Concentrations of isoniazid at 2 h (C2h), as an indicator of safety and efficacy, are important for optimizing therapy. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to establish machine learning (ML) models to predict the C2h, that can be used for establishing an individualized dosing regimen in clinical practice. METHODS: Published population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) models for adults were searched based on PubMed and ultimately four reliable models were selected for simulating individual C2h datasets under different conditions (demographics, genotype, ethnicity, etc.). Machine learning models were trained on simulated C2h obtained from the four PopPK models. Five different algorithms were used for ML model building to predict C2h. Real-world data were used for predictive performance evaluations. Virtual trials were used to compare ML-optimized doses with PopPK model-optimized doses. RESULTS: Categorical boosting (CatBoost) exhibited the highest prediction ability. Target C2h can be predicted using the ML model combined with the dosing regimen and three covariates (N-acetyltransferase 2 [NAT2] genotypes, weight and race [Asians and Africans]). Real-world data validation results showed that the ML model can achieve an overall prediction accuracy of 93.4%. Using the final ML model, the mean absolute prediction error value decreased by 45.7% relative to the average of PopPK models. Using the ML-optimized dosing regimen, the probability of target attainment increased by 43.7% relative to the PopPK model-optimized dosing regimens. CONCLUSION: Machine learning models were developed with great predictive performance, which can be used to determine the individualized initial dose of isoniazid in adult patients.

Crystal-Rigidifying Strategy in Hybrid Manganese Halide to Achieve Narrow Green Emission and High Structural Stability.

Although organic-inorganic hybrid Mn2+ halides have advanced significantly, achieving high stability and narrow-band emission remains enormously challenging owing to the weak ionic nature and soft crystal lattice of the halide structure. To address these issues, we proposed a cationic engineering strategy of long-range cation π···π stacking and C-H···π interactions to simultaneously improve the crystal structural stability and rigidity. Herein, two organic zero-dimensional (0D) manganese halide hybrids of (BACQ)2MnX4 [BACQ = 4-(butylamino)-7-chloroquinolin-1-ium; X = Cl and Br] were synthesized. (BACQ)2MnX4 display strong green-light emissions with the narrowest full width at half-maximum (fwhm) of 39 nm, which is significantly smaller than those of commercial green phosphor ß-SiAlON:Eu2+ and most of reported manganese halides. Detailed Hirshfeld surface analyses demonstrate the rigid environment around the [MnX4]2- units originating from the interactions between [BACQ]+. The rigid crystal structure weakens the electron-phonon coupling and renders narrow fwhm of these manganese halides, which is further confirmed by temperature-dependent emission spectra. Remarkably, (BACQ)2MnX4 realizes outstanding structural and luminescence stabilities in various extreme environments. Benefiting from the excellent performance, these Mn2+ halides are used to assemble light-emitting diodes with a wide color gamut of 105% of the National Television System Committee 1931 standard, showcasing the advanced applications in liquid-crystal-display backlighting.

Novel magnetic compression technique for the treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis in rectal cancer: A case report.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis after excision of rectal cancer is challenging. Endoscopic balloon dilation and radial incision are not effective in all patients. We present a new endoscopy-assisted magnetic compression technique (MCT) for the treatment of rectal anastomotic stenosis. We successfully applied this MCT to a patient who developed an anastomotic stricture after radical resection of rectal cancer. CASE SUMMARY: A 50-year-old man had undergone laparoscopic radical rectal cancer surgery at a local hospital 5 months ago. A colonoscopy performed 2 months ago indicated that the rectal anastomosis was narrow due to which ileostomy closure could not be performed. The patient came to the Magnetic Surgery Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University after learning that we had successfully treated patients with colorectal stenosis using MCT. We performed endoscopy-assisted magnetic compression surgery for rectal stenosis. The magnets were removed 16 d later. A follow-up colonoscopy performed after 4 months showed good anastomotic patency, following which, ileostomy closure surgery was performed. CONCLUSION: MCT is a simple, non-invasive technique for the treatment of anastomotic stricture after radical resection of rectal cancer. The technique can be widely used in clinical settings.

A Mitochondria-Targeting Fluorescent Probe for the Dual Sensing of Hypochlorite and Viscosity without Signal Crosstalk in Living Cells and Zebrafish.

Hypochlorite (ClO-) and viscosity both affect the physiological state of mitochondria, and their abnormal levels are closely related to many common diseases. Therefore, it is vitally important to develop mitochondria-targeting fluorescent probes for the dual sensing of ClO- and viscosity. Herein, we have explored a new fluorescent probe, XTAP-Bn, which responds sensitively to ClO- and viscosity with off-on fluorescence changes at 558 and 765 nm, respectively. Because the emission wavelength gap is more than 200 nm, XTAP-Bn can effectively eliminate the signal crosstalk during the simultaneous detection of ClO- and viscosity. In addition, XTAP-Bn has several advantages, including high selectivity, rapid response, good water solubility, low cytotoxicity, and excellent mitochondrial-targeting ability. More importantly, probe XTAP-Bn is successfully employed to monitor the dynamic change in ClO- and viscosity levels in the mitochondria of living cells and zebrafish. This study not only provides a reliable tool for identifying mitochondrial dysfunction but also offers a potential approach for the early diagnosis of mitochondrial-related diseases.

Analysis of delayed initial radioactive iodine therapy and clinical outcomes in papillary thyroid cancer: a two-center retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: It remains unclear whether the time interval between total thyroidectomy and radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy influences clinical outcomes in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). This study aims to evaluate the impact of the timing to initiate RAI therapy on the response in PTC patients. METHODS: We retrospectively included 405 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy and subsequent RAI therapy at two tertiary hospitals in southwest China. Patients were categorized into two groups based on the interval between thyroidectomy and initial RAI therapy, that is, an early group (interval ≤90 days, n  = 317) and a delayed group (interval >90 days, n  = 88). Responses to RAI therapy were classified as excellent, indeterminate, biochemical incomplete, or structural incomplete. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with a nonexcellent response. RESULTS: Excellent responses were observed in 77.3% of the early group and 83.0% of the delayed group ( P  = 0.252). No significant impact of RAI therapy timing was also observed across all American Thyroid Association risk classification categories. These findings persisted when patients were analyzed separately according to RAI dose (intermediate-dose group: 3.7 GBq [ n  = 332]; high-activity group: ≥5.5 GBq [ n  = 73]), further subdivided by the timing of RAI therapy. Multivariate analysis identified lymph node dissection, RAI dose, and stimulated thyroglobulin as independent risk factors for excellent response ( P  < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The timing of initial RAI therapy following surgery did not significantly affect outcomes in patients with PTC.

Automatic classification of fetal heart rate based on a multi-scale LSTM network.

Introduction: Fetal heart rate monitoring during labor can aid healthcare professionals in identifying alterations in the heart rate pattern. However, discrepancies in guidelines and obstetrician expertise present challenges in interpreting fetal heart rate, including failure to acknowledge findings or misinterpretation. Artificial intelligence has the potential to support obstetricians in diagnosing abnormal fetal heart rates. Methods: Employ preprocessing techniques to mitigate the effects of missing signals and artifacts on the model, utilize data augmentation methods to address data imbalance. Introduce a multi-scale long short-term memory neural network trained with a variety of time-scale data for automatically classifying fetal heart rate. Carried out experimental on both single and multi-scale models. Results: The results indicate that multi-scale LSTM models outperform regular LSTM models in various performance metrics. Specifically, in the single models tested, the model with a sampling rate of 10 exhibited the highest classification accuracy. The model achieves an accuracy of 85.73%, a specificity of 85.32%, and a precision of 85.53% on CTU-UHB dataset. Furthermore, the area under the receiver operating curve of 0.918 suggests that our model demonstrates a high level of credibility. Discussion: Compared to previous research, our methodology exhibits superior performance across various evaluation metrics. By incorporating alternative sampling rates into the model, we observed improvements in all performance indicators, including ACC (85.73% vs. 83.28%), SP (85.32% vs. 82.47%), PR (85.53% vs. 82.84%), recall (86.13% vs. 84.09%), F1-score (85.79% vs. 83.42%), and AUC(0.9180 vs. 0.8667). The limitations of this research include the limited consideration of pregnant women's clinical characteristics and disregard the potential impact of varying gestational weeks.

CircRNA SEC24A promotes osteoarthritis through miR-107-5p/CASP3 axis.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequently diagnosed chronic joint disease. CircSEC24A is significantly elevated in OA chondrocytes upon IL-1ß stimulation. However, its biological function in OA is still not fully understood. Methods: The circRNAs-miRNA-mRNA network was predicted by bioinformatics analysis. An in vitro OA chondrocytes model was established by IL-1ß stimulation. The expression of circSEC24A, miR-107-5p, CASP3, apoptosis-related molecules and extracellular matrix (ECM) components were detected by Western blot and qRT-PCR. MTT assay and Annexin V/PI staining were employed to monitor cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. The interaction between circSEC24A and miR-107-5p, as well as the binding between miR-107-5p and CASP3 3' UTR were detected by luciferase reporter and RIP assays. Cytokine secretion was monitored by ELISA assay. The role of circSEC24A was also explored in anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat models. Results: CircSEC24A and CASP3 were increased, but miR-107-5p was decreased in rat OA cartilage tissues and OA chondrocytes. CircSEC24A acted as a sponge of miR-107-5p. Knockdown of circSEC24A promoted chondrocyte proliferation, but suppressed chondrocyte apoptosis, ECM degradation and inflammation via sponging miR-107-5p. CASP3 was identified as a miR-107-5p target gene. MiR-107-5p mimics protected against OA progression via targeting CASP3. Silencing of circSEC24A alleviated OA progression in ACLT model. Conclusion: CircSEC24A promotes OA progression through miR-107-5p/CASP3 axis.

Risk stratification and survival time of patients with gram-negative bacillary pneumonia in the intensive care unit.

Introduction: Pneumonia is a common infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), and gram-negative bacilli are the most common bacterial cause. The purpose of the study was to investigate the risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients with gram-negative bacillary pneumonia in the ICU, construct a predictive model, and stratify patients based on risk to assess their short-term survival. Methods: Patients admitted to the ICU with gram-negative bacillary pneumonia at Fujian Medical University Affiliated First Hospital between January 2018 and September 2020 were selected. Patients were divided into deceased and survivor groups based on whether death occurred within 30 days. Multifactorial logistic regression analysis was used to identify independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in these patients, and a predictive nomogram model was constructed based on these factors. Patients were categorized into low-, medium-, and high-risk groups according to the model's predicted probability, and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted to assess short-term survival. Results: The study included 305 patients. Lactic acid (odds ratio [OR], 1.524, 95% CI: 1.057-2.197), tracheal intubation (OR: 4.202, 95% CI: 1.092-16.169), and acute kidney injury (OR:4.776, 95% CI: 1.632-13.978) were identified as independent risk factors for 30-day mortality. A nomogram prediction model was established based on these three factors. Internal validation of the model showed a Hosmer-Lemeshow test result of X2=5.770, P=0.834, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.791 (95% CI: 0.688-0.893). Bootstrap resampling of the original data 1000 times yielded a C-index of 0.791, and a decision curve analysis indicated a high net benefit when the threshold probability was between 15%-90%. The survival time for low-, medium-, and high-risk patients was 30 (30, 30), 30 (16.5, 30), and 17 (11, 27) days, respectively, which were significantly different. Conclusion: Lactic acid, tracheal intubation, and acute kidney injury were independent risk factors for 30-day mortality in patients in the ICU with gram-negative bacillary pneumonia. The predictive model constructed based on these factors showed good predictive performance and helped assess short-term survival, facilitating early intervention and treatment.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation in people with autoimmune skin diseases.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune skin diseases (ASDs) such as psoriasis and vitiligo, in addition to causing visible skin symptoms, are closely associated with psychological health issues. However, a comprehensive understanding of the prevalence of these psychological comorbidities in affected individuals is lacking. This study aims to identify the prevalence of anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation in people with ASDs. METHOD: PubMed, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library searches were conducted from 1993 to May 2024. Observational studies reporting prevalence data for anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation among people with ASDs were included in the analysis. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of studies. RESULTS: The study included 114 studies from 37 countries including 823,975 participants. The estimated pooled prevalence of anxiety in patients with ASDs was 33.3% (95% CI: 27.3-29.3%). The estimated pooled prevalence of depression was 33.7% (95% CI: 29.2-38.1%). The estimated pooled prevalence of sleeping problems was 45.0% (95% CI:31.6-58.4%). The estimated pooled prevalence of cognitive impairment and suicidal ideation was 30.8% (95% CI:15.0-46.7%) and 21.6% (95% CI:13.4-29.8%), respectively. The most common mental disorder in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis was sleeping problems at 55.9% (95% CI: 35.6-76.1%, I2 = 97%) and 39.0% (95% CI: 21.1-56.9%, I2 = 99%). CONCLUSION: Among patients with ASDs, anxiety, depression, sleeping problems, cognitive impairment, and suicidal ideation were common. The most prevalent mental disorder among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and psoriasis was sleeping problems. Those with ASDs may experience considerable psychological burdens, and integrated mental health support is necessary for their treatment.

Body mass index and pressure injuries risk in hospitalized adult patients: A dose-response analysis.

BACKGROUND: The association between underweight and pressure injuries (PIs) has been established in several studies. However, there is a lack of well-designed research investigating the connection between overweight and obesity with these injuries. OBJECTIVE: This meta-analysis aims to investigate the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and the risk of PIs in adult hospitalized patients. METHODS: PubMed, Web of Science, and MEDLINE Databases were searched from inception to May 2024. Observational articles with at least three BMI categories were included in the study. BMI was defined as underweight, normal weight, overweight, and morbid obesity for the meta-analysis. The non-linear relationship between BMI and the risk of PIs in hospitalized adults was investigated using restricted cubic spline models. Fractional polynomial modeling was used. RESULTS: Eleven articles reporting at least 3 categories of BMI met the inclusion criteria, including 31,389 participants. Compared to patients with normal weight, those with underweight, obesity, and morbid obesity exhibited an increased risk of PIs, with odds ratios of 1.70 (95%CI:1.50-1.91), 1.12 (95%CI:1.02-1.24), 1.70 (95%CI:1.13-2.55), respectively. A J-shaped dose-response model was established for the relationship between PI risk and BMI (Pnon-linearity < 0.001, Plinearity = 0.745). CONCLUSION: The J-shaped dose-response pattern revealed that underweight, obesity and morbid obesity heightened the risk of PIs in hospitalized adults. Lower and higher BMI values may signify an increased risk for PIs, particularly among the elderly with lower BMI, providing valuable guidance for medical staff.

[The Prognostic Value of Del(1p32) in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prognostic value of del(1p32) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM). METHODS: The clinical data of 341 newly diagnosed MM attended in Jiangsu Province Hospital were retrospective analyzed. Clinical characteristic combined with genetic features, especially del(1p32), were analyzed for survival and prognostic of patients. RESULTS: Among the 341 patients with newly diagnosed MM, 24(7.0%) patients were del(1p32) positive. The progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were significantly shorter in MM patients with del(1p32) than those without del(1p32) (PFS: P < 0.001;OS: P < 0.001). The COX proportional-hazards model showed that del (1p32) was an independent risk factor for PFS and OS of patients with MM. The patients with both 1q21 gain/amplification and del(1p32), as "double-hit chromosome 1", have worse prognosis than those with only 1q21 gain/amplification or only del(1p32) (PFS: P < 0.001; OS: P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Del(1p32) is an independent risk factor for PFS and OS of patients with MM. Del(1p32) detection should be widely used in the prognostic analysis for newly diagnosed MM patients.

Regulatory mechanisms of plant rhizobacteria on plants to the adaptation of adverse agroclimatic variables.

The mutualistic plant rhizobacteria which improve plant development and productivity are known as plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR). It is more significant due to their ability to help the plants in different ways. The main physiological responses, such as malondialdehyde, membrane stability index, relative leaf water content, photosynthetic leaf gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency of photosystem-II, and photosynthetic pigments are observed in plants during unfavorable environmental conditions. Plant rhizobacteria are one of the more crucial chemical messengers that mediate plant development in response to stressed conditions. The interaction of plant rhizobacteria with essential plant nutrition can enhance the agricultural sustainability of various plant genotypes or cultivars. Rhizobacterial inoculated plants induce biochemical variations resulting in increased stress resistance efficiency, defined as induced systemic resistance. Omic strategies revealed plant rhizobacteria inoculation caused the upregulation of stress-responsive genes-numerous recent approaches have been developed to protect plants from unfavorable environmental threats. The plant microbes and compounds they secrete constitute valuable biostimulants and play significant roles in regulating plant stress mechanisms. The present review summarized the recent developments in the functional characteristics and action mechanisms of plant rhizobacteria in sustaining the development and production of plants under unfavorable environmental conditions, with special attention on plant rhizobacteria-mediated physiological and molecular responses associated with stress-induced responses.

Super-enhancer-driven IRF2BP2 enhances ALK activity and promotes neuroblastoma cell proliferation.

BACKGROUND: Super-enhancers (SEs) typically govern the expression of critical oncogenes and play a fundamental role in the initiation and progression of cancer. Focusing on genes that are abnormally regulated by SE in cancer may be a new strategy for understanding pathogenesis. In the context of this investigation, we have identified a previously unreported SE-driven gene IRF2BP2 in neuroblastoma (NB). METHODS: The expression and prognostic value of IRF2BP2 were detected in public databases and clinical samples. The effect of IRF2BP2 on NB cell growth and apoptosis was evaluated through in vivo and in vitro functional loss experiments. The molecular mechanism of IRF2BP2 was investigated by the study of chromatin regulatory regions and transcriptome sequencing. RESULTS: The sustained high expression of IRF2BP2 results from the activation of a novel SE established by NB master transcription factors MYCN, MEIS2 and HAND2, and they form a new complex that regulates the gene network associated with the proliferation of NB cell populations. We also observed a significant enrichment of the AP-1 family at the binding sites of IRF2BP2. Remarkably, within NB cells, AP-1 plays a pivotal role in shaping the chromatin accessibility landscape, thereby exposing the binding site for IRF2BP2. This orchestrated action enables AP-1 and IRF2BP2 to collaboratively stimulate the expression of the NB susceptibility gene ALK, thereby upholding the highly proliferative phenotype characteristic of NB. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that SE-driven IRF2BP2 can bind to AP-1 to maintain the survival of tumor cells via regulating chromatin accessibility of NB susceptibility gene ALK.

Treatment of anastomotic stricture after rectal cancer operation by magnetic compression technique: A case report.

BACKGROUND: The treatment of postoperative anastomotic stenosis (AS) after resection of colorectal cancer is challenging. Endoscopic balloon dilation is used to treat stenosis in such cases, but some patients do not show improvement even after multiple balloon dilations. Magnetic compression technique (MCT) has been used for gastrointestinal anastomosis, but its use for the treatment of postoperative AS after colorectal cancer surgery has rarely been reported. CASE SUMMARY: We report a 72-year-old man who underwent radical resection of colorectal cancer and ileostomy one year ago. An ileostomy closure was prepared six months ago, but colonoscopy revealed a narrowing of the rectal anastomosis. Endoscopic balloon dilation was performed three times, but colonoscopy showed no significant improvement in stenosis. The AS was successfully treated using MCT. CONCLUSION: MCT is a minimally invasive method that can be used for the treatment of postoperative AS after colorectal cancer surgery.