Knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of street food vendors on food safety in selected areas of Bangladesh.

This study determined the food-safety situation of street food by analyzing the KAP of street food vendors (SFVs). A quantitative descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among the 266 SFVs through structured questionnaire from October to December, 2020. Majority of the SFVs were male (92.86%), age between 35 to 44 years (34.21%), married (83.83%), had primary education (46.99%), experience of 5-9 years (32.71%), and monthly income was <10000 BDT (35.71%). Additionally, utmost had no any training on food-safety (93.61%), and food preparation-preservation (89.47%). The knowledge and practice score of "≥50 to <75" was for highest proportion of SFVs amounting 57.89% and 47.7% respectively. And the attitudes score "≥67 to <83" was recorded for the highest number of SFVs (70.3%). Moreover, the mean KAP score was 71.94 ± 10.21, 73.89 ± 7.37 and 55.37 ± 15.08 respectively. However, the knowledge score had a moderate-strength of positive correlation with attitudes score (r = 0.342, p < 0.01) and practice score (r = 0.389, p < 0.01); having the regression-equation, y = 0.25∗x + 56.12 and y = 0.57∗x + 14.01 respectively. Besides, the similar correlation was also observed between attitudes and practice score (r = 0.328, p < 0.01) with the regression, y = 0.67∗x + 5.81. In this regard, a regular basis training on basics of food-safety and cotemporary education on food-safety at initial stage of education could be imposed to improve the KAP on food-safety.

Modified Wheeler Technique with Inferior Lid Retractor Plication for Senile Entropion.

INTRODUCTION: The study aimed to assess the outcome of the modified wheeler technique with lower eyelid retractor plication for the correction of Involutional (senile) entropion among the study patients Materials and methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted in two tertiary eye hospitals of Bangladesh from 1 July to 31 December, 2020. This study included all patients undergoing modified wheeler technique with inferior lid retractor plication and followed up to at least one year and six months between 01 January 2015 to 31 December, 2019. All patients were suffering from senile entropion of the lower eyelid. All surgeries were performed by a single surgeon and the study sample size was selected purposively. Patients were operated by the modification of modified wheeler technique for the correction of lower eyelid entropion in this study. The outcome of the surgical techniques was assessed at regular intervals on each follow up. RESULTS: Thirty eyes of thirty patients were evaluated. Success rate was 100% in the 18 months follow up time with no recurrence in any. Ecchymosis, skin scarring and/or minimal pain were observed as post-operative complications. CONCLUSION: The modified wheeler technique with inferior eyelid retractor plication is the definitive and permanent procedure for the correction of involutional entropion with minimal or no recurrence.

Minimally invasive harvesting fascia lata (FL) in ophthalmic plastic surgery.

PURPOSE: To describe a minimally invasive technique of harvesting fascia lata, and also to analyze the clinical uses and the outcome of fascia lata in Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive surgery. METHODS: This interventional study was done in three tertiary care eye hospitals in Bangladesh from July 2014 to June 2020. We obtained autologous fascia lata for the correction of congenital ptosis with poor levator function (⩽4 mm), covering the ciliary staphyloma, repair of the extruded implant following anophthalmic socket surgery, and was also used to wrap the orbital implant after enucleation. Preserved FL was used only for children before 6 years of age for the treatment of congenital ptosis. RESULTS: Out of 60 subjects, 38 (63.3%) were male and 22 (36.7%) were female. Autogenous fascia lata was used for frontalis brow suspension (FBS) in 25 (41.67%) patients of congenital ptosis with poor levator function, as patch graft in ciliary staphyloma (11 cases, 18.3%), to wrap orbital implant following enucleation in intraocular malignancies (nine cases, 15%), to repair of implant extrusion following evisceration (five cases, 8.3%), and as fascial sling to correct recurrent paralytic ectropion (one case, 1.67%). Allogeneic or preserved fascia lata was used to correct congenital ptosis in patients less than 6 years of age (nine cases, 15%). Mean follow-up time was 5.32 months. CONCLUSION: Fascia lata (autogenous and allogeneic preserved) has varied uses in ophthalmic plastic surgery. Harvesting fascia lata (FL) using with minimally invasive method was successful with the least scar on the thigh to correct congenital ptosis, ciliary staphyloma, repair of extruded implant, and in wrapping implant after enucleation to get better cosmesis and motility.