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1.
Pharmacol Res ; 208: 107357, 2024 Aug 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39159732

RESUMEN

Aberrant energy metabolism in the brain is a common pathological feature in the preclinical Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Recent studies have reported the early elevations of glycolysis-involved enzymes in AD brain and cerebrospinal fluid according to a large-scale proteomic analysis. It's well-known that astrocytes exhibit strong glycolytic metabolic ability and play a key role in the regulation of brain homeostasis. However, its relationship with glycolytic changes and cognitive deficits in early AD patients is unclear. Here, we investigated the mechanisms by which astrocyte glycolysis is involved in early AD and its potential as a therapeutic target. Our results suggest that Aß-activated microglia can induce glycolytic-enhanced astrocytes in vitro, and that these processes are dependent on the activation of the AKT-mTOR-HIF-1α pathway. In early AD models, the increase in L-lactate produced by enhanced glycolysis of astrocytes leads to spatial cognitive impairment by disrupting synaptic plasticity and accelerating Aß aggregation. Furthermore, we find rapamycin, the mTOR inhibitor, can rescue the impaired spatial memory and Aß burden by inhibiting the glycolysis-derived L-lactate in the early AD models. In conclusion, we highlight that astrocytic glycolysis plays a critical role in the early onset of AD and that the modulation of glycolysis-derived L-lactate by rapamycin provides a new strategy for the treatment of AD.

2.
Int J Ophthalmol ; 17(8): 1469-1476, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39156792

RESUMEN

AIM: To describe the multimodal imaging features, treatment, and outcomes of patients diagnosed with adult-onset Coats disease. METHODS: This retrospective study included patients first diagnosed with Coats disease at ≥18 years of age between September 2017 and September 2021. Some patients received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy (conbercept, 0.5 mg) as the initial treatment, which was combined with laser photocoagulation as needed. All the patients underwent best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and intraocular pressure examinations, fundus color photography, spontaneous fluorescence tests, fundus fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography (OCT), OCT angiography, and other examinations. BCVA alterations and multimodal image findings in the affected eyes following treatment were compared and the prognostic factors were analyzed. RESULTS: The study included 15 patients who were aged 24-72 (57.33±12.61)y at presentation. Systemic hypertension was the most common associated systemic condition, occurring in 13 (86.7%) patients. Baseline BCVA ranged from 2.0 to 5.0 (4.0±1.1), which showed improvement following treatment (4.2±1.0). Multimodal imaging revealed retinal telangiectasis in 13 patients (86.7%), patchy hemorrhage in 5 patients (33.3%), and stage 2B disease (Shield's staging criteria) in 11 patients (73.3%). OCT revealed that the baseline central macular thickness (CMT) ranged from 129 to 964 µm (473.0±230.1 µm), with 13 patients (86.7%) exhibiting a baseline CMT exceeding 250 µm. Furthermore, 8 patients (53.3%) presented with an epiretinal membrane at baseline or during follow-up. Hyper-reflective scars were observed on OCT in five patients (33.3%) with poor visual prognosis. Vision deteriorated in one patient who did not receive treatment. Final vision was stable in three patients who received laser treatment, whereas improvement was observed in one of two patients who received anti-VEGF therapy alone. In addition, 8 of 9 patients (88.9%) who received laser treatment and conbercept exhibited stable or improved BCVA. CONCLUSION: Multimodal imaging can help diagnose adult-onset Coats disease. Anti-VEGF treatment combined with laser therapy can be an option for improving or maintaining BCVA and resolving macular edema. The final visual outcome depends on macular involvement and the disease stage.

3.
Sci Total Environ ; : 175766, 2024 Aug 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39187075

RESUMEN

In plant environments, there exist heterogeneous microbial communities, referred to as the plant microbiota, which are recruited by plants and play crucial roles in promoting plant growth, aiding in resistance against pathogens and environmental stresses, thereby maintaining plant health. These microorganisms, along with their genomes, collectively form the plant microbiome. Research on the plant microbiome can help unravel the intricate interactions between plants and microbes, providing a theoretical foundation to reduce pesticide use, enhance agricultural productivity, and promote environmental sustainability. Despite significant progress in the field of research, unresolved challenges persist due to ongoing technological limitations and the complexities inherent in studying microorganisms at small scales. Recently, synthetic community (SynCom) has emerged as a novel technique for microbiome research, showing promising prospects for applications in the plant microbiome field. This article systematically introduces the origin and distribution of plant microbiota, the processes of their recruitment and colonization, and the mechanisms underlying their beneficial functions for plants, from the aspects of composition, assembly, and function. Furthermore, we discuss the principles, applications, challenges, and prospects of SynCom for promoting plant health.

4.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1415157, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39131570

RESUMEN

The risk of Legionella transmission in built environments remains a significant concern. Legionella can spread within buildings through aerosol transmission, prompting the exploration of airborne transmission pathways and proposing corresponding prevention and control measures based on building characteristics. To this end, a comprehensive literature review on the transmission risk of Legionella in built environments was performed. Four electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and CNKI) were searched from inception to March 2024 for publications reporting the risk of Legionella transmission in built environments. Relevant articles and gray literature reports were hand-searched, and 96 studies were finally included. Legionella pollution comes from various sources, mainly originates in a variety of built environments in which human beings remain for extended periods. The sources, outbreaks, national standards, regulations, and monitoring techniques for Legionella in buildings are reviewed, in addition to increases in Legionella transmission risk due to poor maintenance of water systems and long-distance transmission events caused by aerosol characteristics. Air and water sampling using various analytical methods helps identify Legionella in the environment, recognize sources in the built environments, and control outbreaks. By comparing the standard regulations of national organizations globally, the authors further highlight gaps and deficiencies in Legionella surveillance in China. Such advancements offer essential insights and references for understanding and addressing Legionella transmission risk in the built environment, with the potential to contribute to safeguarding public health and building environment safety.


Asunto(s)
Entorno Construido , Legionella , Legionella/aislamiento & purificación , Humanos , Legionelosis/transmisión , Legionelosis/prevención & control , Microbiología del Aire , Brotes de Enfermedades/prevención & control , Monitoreo del Ambiente , Microbiología del Agua , China/epidemiología
6.
CNS Neurosci Ther ; 30(7): e14835, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39004783

RESUMEN

AIMS: Necroptosis is one of programmed death that may aggravate spinal cord injury (SCI). We aimed to investigate the effect and mechanism of exendin-4 (EX-4) on the recovery of motor function and necroptosis after SCI. METHODS: The SD rats with left hemisection in the T10 spinal cord as SCI model were used. The behavior tests were measured within 4 weeks. The effects of EX-4 on necroptosis-associated proteins and autophagy flux were explored. In addition, the SHSY5Y cell model was introduced to explore the direct effect of EX-4 on neurons. The effect of lysosome was explored using mTOR activator and AO staining. RESULTS: EX-4 could improve motor function and limb strength, promote the recovery of autophagy flux, and accelerate the degradation of necroptosis-related protein at 3 d after injury in rats. EX-4 reduced lysosome membrane permeability, promoted the recovery of lysosome function and autophagy flux, and accelerated the degradation of necroptosis-related proteins by inhibiting the phosphorylation level of mTOR in the SHSY5Y cell model. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that EX-4 may improve motor function after SCI via inhibiting mTOR phosphorylation level and accelerating the degradation of necroptosis-related proteins in neurons. Our findings may provide new therapeutic targets for clinical treatment after SCI.


Asunto(s)
Autofagia , Exenatida , Necroptosis , Neuronas , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal , Animales , Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/tratamiento farmacológico , Traumatismos de la Médula Espinal/patología , Ratas , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Neuronas/metabolismo , Exenatida/farmacología , Exenatida/uso terapéutico , Necroptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Recuperación de la Función/efectos de los fármacos , Recuperación de la Función/fisiología , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/metabolismo , Línea Celular Tumoral , Fármacos Neuroprotectores/farmacología , Masculino
7.
Neural Netw ; 179: 106506, 2024 Jul 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38996689

RESUMEN

Pretraining on large-scale datasets can boost the performance of object detectors while the annotated datasets for object detection are hard to scale up due to the high labor cost. What we possess are numerous isolated filed-specific datasets, thus, it is appealing to jointly pretrain models across aggregation of datasets to enhance data volume and diversity. In this paper, we propose a strong framework for utilizing Multiple datasets to pretrain DETR-like detectors, termed METR, without the need for manual label spaces integration. It converts the typical multi-classification in object detection into binary classification by introducing a pre-trained language model. Specifically, we design a category extraction module for extracting potential categories involved in an image and assign these categories into different queries by language embeddings. Each query is only responsible for predicting a class-specific object. Besides, to adapt our novel detection paradigm, we propose a Class-wise Bipartite Matching strategy that limits the ground truths to match queries assigned to the same category. Extensive experiments demonstrate that METR achieves extraordinary results on either multi-task joint training or the pretrain & finetune paradigm. Notably, our pre-trained models have high flexible transferability and increase the performance upon various DETR-like detectors on COCO val2017 benchmark. Our code is publicly available at: https://github.com/isbrycee/METR.

8.
Int J Mol Sci ; 25(13)2024 Jun 29.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39000330

RESUMEN

Drought stress is a major meteorological threat to crop growth and yield. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is a vital cereal crop with strong drought tolerance worldwide. However, the underlying growth properties and metabolomic regulatory module of drought tolerance remains less known. Here, we investigated the plant height, spike length, effective tiller, biomass, average spikelets, 1000-grain weight, number of seeds per plant, grain weight per plant, ash content, protein content, starch content, cellulose content, and metabolomic regulation mechanisms of drought stress in barley. Our results revealed that the growth properties were different between ZDM5430 and IL-12 under drought stress at different growth stages. We found that a total of 12,235 metabolites were identified in two barley genotype root samples with drought treatment. More than 50% of these metabolites showed significant differences between the ZDM5430 and IL-12 roots. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis identified 368 differential metabolites mainly involved in starch and sucrose metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, pyrimidine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis in ZDM5430 under drought stress, whereas the different metabolites of IL-12 under drought stress related to starch and sucrose metabolism, the pentose phosphate pathway, 2-oxocarboxylic acid metabolism, cutin, suberine and wax biosynthesis, carbon metabolism, fatty acid biosynthesis, and C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism. These metabolites have application in the tricarboxylic cycle, the urea cycle, the met salvage pathway, amino acid metabolism, unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, phenolic metabolism, and glycolysis. On the other hand, the expression patterns of 13 genes related to the abovementioned bioprocesses in different barley genotypes roots were proposed. These findings afford an overview for the understanding of barley roots' metabolic changes in the drought defense mechanism by revealing the differently accumulated compounds.


Asunto(s)
Sequías , Hordeum , Metabolómica , Hordeum/genética , Hordeum/metabolismo , Hordeum/crecimiento & desarrollo , Hordeum/fisiología , Metabolómica/métodos , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Estrés Fisiológico , Metaboloma , Raíces de Plantas/metabolismo , Raíces de Plantas/crecimiento & desarrollo , Raíces de Plantas/genética , Almidón/metabolismo , Resistencia a la Sequía
9.
Arch Osteoporos ; 19(1): 65, 2024 Jul 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39043915

RESUMEN

The impact of milk on bone health in rural preschoolers is under-researched. This study, through a clinical trial and a meta-analysis, finds that milk supplementation enhances forearm and calcaneus bone acquisition in children, supporting the benefits of daily milk consumption. PURPOSE: This study evaluated the impact of dairy supplementation on bone acquisition in children's limbs through a cluster-randomized controlled trial and a meta-analysis. METHODS: The trial involved 315 children (4-6 year) from Northwest China, randomized to receive either 390 ml of milk daily (n = 215) or 20-30 g of bread (n = 100) over 12 months. We primarily assessed bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) changes at the limbs, alongside bone-related biomarkers, measured at baseline, the 6th and 12th months. The meta-analysis aggregated BMD or BMC changes in the forearm/legs/calcaneus from published randomized trials involving children aged 3-18 years supplemented with dairy foods (vs. control group). RESULTS: Of 278 completed the trial, intention-to-treat analysis revealed significant increases in BMD (4.05% and 7.31%) and BMC (4.69% and 7.34%) in the left forearm at the 6th and 12th months in the milk group compared to controls (P < 0.001). The calcaneus showed notable improvements in BMD (2.01%) and BMC (1.87%) at 6 months but not at 12 months. Additionally, milk supplementation was associated with beneficial changes in bone resorption markers, parathyroid hormone (- 12.70%), insulin-like growth factor 1 (6.69%), and the calcium-to-phosphorus ratio (2.22%) (all P < 0.05). The meta-analysis, encompassing 894 children, indicated that dairy supplementation significantly increased BMD (SMD, 0.629; 95%CI: 0.275, 0.983) and BMC (SMD, 0.616; 95%CI: 0.380, 0.851) (P < 0.05) in the arms, but not in the legs (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: Milk supplementation significantly improves bone health in children's forearms, underscoring its potential as a strategic dietary intervention for bone development. Trial registration NCT05074836.


Asunto(s)
Densidad Ósea , Suplementos Dietéticos , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Densidad Ósea/efectos de los fármacos , Desarrollo Óseo/fisiología , Calcáneo/diagnóstico por imagen , China , Antebrazo , Leche , Adolescente
10.
Front Public Health ; 12: 1366327, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38962768

RESUMEN

Introduction: Enhancing the efficiency of primary healthcare services is essential for a populous and developing nation like China. This study offers a systematic analysis of the efficiency and spatial distribution of primary healthcare services in China. It elucidates the fundamental landscape and regional variances in efficiency, thereby furnishing a scientific foundation for enhancing service efficiency and fostering coordinated regional development. Methods: Employs a three-stage DEA-Malmquist model to assess the efficiency of primary healthcare services across 31 provincial units in mainland China from 2012 to 2020. Additionally, it examines the spatial correlation of efficiency distribution using the Moran Index. Results: The efficiency of primary healthcare services in China is generally suboptimal with a noticeable declining trend, highlighting significant potential for improvement in both pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. There is a pronounced efficiency gap among provinces, yet a positive spatial correlation is evident. Regionally, efficiency ranks in the order of East > Central > West. Factors such as GDP per capita and population density positively influence efficiency enhancements, while urbanization levels and government health expenditures appear to have a detrimental impact. Discussion: The application of the three-stage DEA-Malmquist model and the Moran Index not only expands the methodological framework for researching primary healthcare service efficiency but also provides scientifically valuable insights for enhancing the efficiency of primary healthcare services in China and other developing nations.


Asunto(s)
Eficiencia Organizacional , Atención Primaria de Salud , China , Humanos , Análisis Espacial , Gastos en Salud/estadística & datos numéricos , Modelos Teóricos
12.
Nat Commun ; 15(1): 6107, 2024 Jul 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39030220

RESUMEN

Electrostatic capacitors play a crucial role as energy storage devices in modern electrical systems. Energy density, the figure of merit for electrostatic capacitors, is primarily determined by the choice of dielectric material. Most industry-grade polymer dielectrics are flexible polyolefins or rigid aromatics, possessing high energy density or high thermal stability, but not both. Here, we employ artificial intelligence (AI), established polymer chemistry, and molecular engineering to discover a suite of dielectrics in the polynorbornene and polyimide families. Many of the discovered dielectrics exhibit high thermal stability and high energy density over a broad temperature range. One such dielectric displays an energy density of 8.3 J cc-1 at 200 °C, a value 11 × that of any commercially available polymer dielectric at this temperature. We also evaluate pathways to further enhance the polynorbornene and polyimide families, enabling these capacitors to perform well in demanding applications (e.g., aerospace) while being environmentally sustainable. These findings expand the potential applications of electrostatic capacitors within the 85-200 °C temperature range, at which there is presently no good commercial solution. More broadly, this research demonstrates the impact of AI on chemical structure generation and property prediction, highlighting the potential for materials design advancement beyond electrostatic capacitors.

13.
Cureus ; 16(5): e59590, 2024 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38826877

RESUMEN

Dilaceration is a developmental anomaly characterized by a sharp change in the axial inclination between the crown and the root of a tooth. Severe root curvature in a dilacerated tooth can greatly complicate root canal treatment. This case report details the successful endodontic treatment of a dilacerated maxillary second premolar with significant root curvature. It highlights the importance of a thorough understanding of root canal anatomy and demonstrates the effectiveness of using pre-curved hand files along with heat-treated nickel-titanium rotary instruments in navigating complex root structures to achieve successful treatment outcomes.

14.
Cell Rep ; 43(6): 114301, 2024 Jun 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38823016

RESUMEN

CD8+ T cells are rendered exhausted in tumor and chronic infection. Among heterogeneous exhausted T cells, a subpopulation of progenitor-like (Tpex) cells have been found important for long-term tumor or pathogen control and are also the main responders in immunotherapy. Using an RFP reporter mouse for the orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1, originally characterized as critical in T cell dysfunction, we discover that the reporter is highly expressed in Tpex cells in tumor and chronic infection. Enforced expression of Nr4a1 promotes Tpex cell accumulation, whereas tumor control is improved after Nr4a1 deletion, associated with increased effector function but decreased long-term maintenance of CD8+ T cells. Integrating chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis, NR4A1 is found to bind and promote the expression of Tpex-related genes, as well as suppress terminal differentiation-associated genes. This study therefore has identified a key role of NR4A1 in Tpex regulation and provides a promising target for immunotherapy.


Asunto(s)
Linfocitos T CD8-positivos , Diferenciación Celular , Miembro 1 del Grupo A de la Subfamilia 4 de Receptores Nucleares , Microambiente Tumoral , Miembro 1 del Grupo A de la Subfamilia 4 de Receptores Nucleares/metabolismo , Miembro 1 del Grupo A de la Subfamilia 4 de Receptores Nucleares/genética , Animales , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/inmunología , Linfocitos T CD8-positivos/metabolismo , Ratones , Microambiente Tumoral/inmunología , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Transcripción Genética , Células Madre/metabolismo , Humanos
15.
Front Pharmacol ; 15: 1394941, 2024.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38903998

RESUMEN

Context: It is very necessary to delay ovarian aging and prevent age-related health problems. The active ingredient in Honghua Xiaoyao tablet (HHXYT) has the effects of anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, immune regulation and so on. Objective: To explore the effect and mechanism of Honghua Xiaoyao tablet on aging model mice. Materials and methods: The aging model was established by intraperitoneal injection of D-galactose in model mice. The mice in the HHXYT-L,M,H group were given 0.3 g/kg, 0.6 g/kg and 1.2 g/kg Honghua Xiaoyao tablet suspension respectively, and the HHXYT-M + E2 group was given 0.6 g/kg HHXYT +0.13 mg/kg estradiol valerate for 30 days. In this study, ELISA, HE, Western blot, IH and TUNEL were used. Results: HHXYT + E2 can improve the gonadal index, estrous cycle of aging mice. In HHXYT-M + E2 group, the level of FSH and LH decreased, while E2 and AMH increased significantly. The number of growing follicles in HHXYT-M + E2 group increased, which was better than that of HHXYT alone. Western blot results showed that HHXYT-M + E2 group decreased the expression of Bax, cleaved-Parp, cleaved-Casp-3 and CytC molecules and increased the expression of Bcl-2 in ovarian tissue. FSHR expression decreased in model group and increased in HHXYT group. TUNEL staining showed that the number of apoptotic cells in HHXYT group was reduced, and the HHXYT-M + E2 group was the most significantly. Discussion and conclusion: HHXYT can improve the level of sex hormones and increase the number of growing follicles in aging mice. HHXYT-M + E2 group has the best effect, and its mechanism may be related to reducing ovarian granulosa cell apoptosis.

16.
Neuropharmacology ; 257: 110034, 2024 Oct 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38878858

RESUMEN

Clinical surgery can lead to severe neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunctions. It has been reported that astrocytes mediate memory formation and postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD), however, the thalamic mechanism of astrocytes in mediating POCD remains unknown. Here, we report that reactive astrocytes in zona incerta (ZI) mediate surgery-induced recognition memory impairment in male mice. Immunostaining results showed that astrocytes are activated with GABA transporter-3 (GAT-3) being down-expressed, and neurons were suppressed in the ZI. Besides, our work revealed that reactive astrocytes caused increased tonic current in ZI neurons. Up-regulating the expression of GAT-3 in astrocytes ameliorates surgery-induced recognition memory impairment. Together, our work demonstrates that the reactive astrocytes in the ZI play a crucial role in surgery-induced memory impairment, which provides a new target for the treatment of surgery-induced neural dysfunctions.


Asunto(s)
Astrocitos , Proteínas Transportadoras de GABA en la Membrana Plasmática , Trastornos de la Memoria , Regulación hacia Arriba , Zona Incerta , Animales , Masculino , Proteínas Transportadoras de GABA en la Membrana Plasmática/metabolismo , Trastornos de la Memoria/metabolismo , Ratones , Regulación hacia Arriba/efectos de los fármacos , Astrocitos/metabolismo , Zona Incerta/metabolismo , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Neuronas/metabolismo , Neuronas/efectos de los fármacos , Complicaciones Cognitivas Postoperatorias/metabolismo , Complicaciones Cognitivas Postoperatorias/prevención & control , Reconocimiento en Psicología/efectos de los fármacos , Reconocimiento en Psicología/fisiología
18.
Adv Mater ; 36(30): e2403214, 2024 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38748854

RESUMEN

Currently, it is still challenging to develop a hydrogel electrolyte matrix that can successfully achieve a harmonious combination of mechanical strength, ionic conductivity, and interfacial adaptability. Herein, a multi-networked hydrogel electrolyte with a high entanglement effect based on gelatin/oxidized dextran/methacrylic anhydride, denoted as ODGelMA is constructed. Attribute to the Schiff base network formulation of ─RC═N─, oxidized dextran integrated gelatin chains induce a dense hydrophilic conformation group. Furthermore, addition of methacrylic anhydride through a grafting process, the entangled hydrogel achieves impressive mechanical features (6.8 MPa tensile strength) and high ionic conductivity (3.68 mS cm-1 at 20 °C). The ODGelMA electrolyte regulates the zinc electrode by circumventing dendrite growth, and showcases an adaptable framework reservoir to accelerate the Zn2+ desolvation process. Benefiting from the entanglement effect, the Zn anode achieves an outstanding average Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.8% over 500 cycles and cycling stability of 900 h at 5 mA cm-2 and 2.5 mAh cm-2. The Zn||I2 full cell yields an ultra-long cycling stability of 10 000 cycles with a capacity retention of 92.4% at 5 C. Furthermore, a 60 mAh single-layer pouch cell maintains a stable work of 350 cycles.

19.
J Pharm Biomed Anal ; 246: 116164, 2024 Aug 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38776585

RESUMEN

Evaluating the quality of herbal medicine based on the content and activity of its main components is highly beneficial. Developing an eco-friendly determination method has significant application potential. In this study, we propose a new method to simultaneously predict the total flavonoid content (TFC), xanthine oxidase inhibitory (XO) activity, and antioxidant activity (AA) of Prunus mume using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIR). Using the sodium nitrite-aluminum nitrate-sodium hydroxide colorimetric method, uric acid colorimetric method, and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity as reference methods, we analyzed TFC, XO, and AA in 90 P. mume samples collected from different locations in China. The solid samples were subjected to NIR. By employing spectral preprocessing and optimizing spectral bands, we established a rapid prediction model for TFC, XO, and AA using partial least squares regression (PLS). To improve the model's performance and eliminate irrelevant variables, competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) was used to calculate the pretreated full spectrum. Evaluation model indicators included the root mean square error of cross-validation (RMSECV) and determination coefficient (R2) values. The TFC, XO, and AA model, combining optimal spectral preprocessing and spectral bands, had RMSECV values of 0.139, 0.117, and 0.121, with RCV2 values exceeding 0.92. The root mean square error of prediction (RMSEP) for the TFC, XO, and AA model on the prediction set was 0.301, 0.213, and 0.149, with determination coefficient (RP2) values of 0.915, 0.933, and 0.926. The results showed a strong correlation between NIR with TFC, XO, and AA in P. mume. Therefore, the established model was effective, suitable for the rapid quantification of TFC, XO, and AA. The prediction method is simple and rapid, and can be extended to the study of medicinal plant content and activity.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes , Flavonoides , Prunus , Espectroscopía Infrarroja Corta , Xantina Oxidasa , Espectroscopía Infrarroja Corta/métodos , Flavonoides/análisis , Prunus/química , Xantina Oxidasa/antagonistas & inhibidores , Antioxidantes/análisis , Análisis de los Mínimos Cuadrados , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/análisis , Inhibidores Enzimáticos/farmacología , China
20.
J AOAC Int ; 2024 May 11.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38733574

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The identification of the geographical origin of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua is of particular importance because the quality and market value of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua from different production areas are highly variable due to differences in the growing environment and climatic conditions. OBJECTIVE: This study utilized near-infrared spectra (NIR) of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (n = 400) to develop qualitative models for effective differentiation of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua from various regions. METHODS: The models were produced under different conditions to distinguish the origins distinctly. Ten pre-processing methods have been used to pre-process the original spectra (OS) and to select the most optimal spectral pre-processing method. Principal component analysis (PCA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were employed to determine appropriate models. For simplicity, the pretreated full spectrum was calculated by different wavelength selection methods, and the four most significant variables were selected as discriminant indicator variables. RESULTS: The results show that Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua from different regions can be effectively distinguished using spectra from a series of samples analyzed by OPLS-DA. The accuracy of the OPLS-DA model is also satisfactory, with a good differentiation rate. CONCLUSION: The study findings indicate the feasibility of using spectroscopy in combination with multivariate analysis to identify the geographical origins of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua. HIGHLIGHTS: The utilization of near-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics exhibits high efficacy in discerning the provenance of herbal medicines and foods, thereby facilitating quality assurance measures.

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