RESUMEN
Swimming-induced pulmonary edema (SIPE) is a noncardiogenic form of acute pulmonary edema infrequently described in the general military literature. Its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Treatment is supportive. Knowledge of SIPE is important for the military physician and should remain a top differential for any patient presenting with acute pulmonary edema following a water sport. This is the case of a patient with SIPE occurring during the swim portion of a Half Ironman Triathlon.
Asunto(s)
Personal Militar , Edema Pulmonar , Femenino , Humanos , Edema Pulmonar/diagnóstico , Edema Pulmonar/etiología , NataciónAsunto(s)
Arritmia Sinusal/diagnóstico , Aleteo Atrial/diagnóstico , Electrocardiografía , Potasio/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Arritmia Sinusal/tratamiento farmacológico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Errores Diagnósticos , Mareo , Cefalea , Humanos , Masculino , Estadísticas no Paramétricas , Resultado del TratamientoAsunto(s)
Trastornos Relacionados con Cocaína/fisiopatología , Cocaína/efectos adversos , Disnea/inducido químicamente , Hemoptisis/inducido químicamente , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/inducido químicamente , Vapeo/efectos adversos , Administración por Inhalación , Cocaína/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/diagnóstico por imagen , Enfermedades Pulmonares Intersticiales/terapia , Masculino , Terapia por Inhalación de Oxígeno , Tomografía Computarizada por Rayos X , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Among mammals, there is a positive correlation between serum uric acid (UA) levels and life span. Humans have high levels of UA because they lack a functional urate oxidase (UOX) enzyme that is present in shorter lived mammals. Here, we show that male and female mice with UOX haploinsufficiency exhibit an age-related elevation of UA levels, and that the life span of female but not male UOX+/- mice is significantly increased compared to wild-type mice. Serum UA levels are elevated in response to treadmill exercise in UOX+/- mice, but not wild-type mice, and the endurance of the UOX+/- mice is significantly greater than wild-type mice. UOX+/- mice exhibit elevated levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, reduced brain damage and improved functional outcome in a model of focal ischemic stroke. Levels of oxidative protein nitration and lipid peroxidation are reduced in muscle and brain tissues of UOX+/- mice under conditions of metabolic and oxidative stress (running in the case of muscle and ischemia in the case of the brain), consistent with prior evidence that UA can scavenge peroxynitrite and hydroxyl radical. Our findings reveal roles for UA in life span determination, endurance and adaptive responses to brain injury, and suggest novel approaches for protecting cells against injury and for optimizing physical performance.
Asunto(s)
Isquemia Encefálica/tratamiento farmacológico , Encéfalo/efectos de los fármacos , Accidente Cerebrovascular/tratamiento farmacológico , Ácido Úrico/farmacología , Animales , Humanos , Longevidad , Ratones Transgénicos , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Evaluation of behavior and cognition in rodent models underpins mechanistic and interventional studies of brain aging and neurodegenerative diseases, especially dementia. Commonly used tests include Morris water maze, Barnes maze, object recognition, fear conditioning, radial arm water maze, and Y maze. Each of these tests reflects some aspects of human memory including episodic memory, recognition memory, semantic memory, spatial memory, and emotional memory. Although most interventional studies in rodent models of dementia have focused on pharmacological agents, there are an increasing number of studies that have evaluated nutritional interventions including caloric restriction, intermittent fasting, and manipulation of macronutrients. Dietary interventions have been shown to influence various cognitive and behavioral tests in rodents indicating that nutrition can influence brain aging and possibly neurodegeneration.