[Analysis of the effect of N5, N10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene C(677)-->T polymorphism on the ischemic stroke development in persons with various risk factors].

The results ofMTHFR gene C(677)-->T (rs1801133) polymorphism determined in 170 patients with ischemic atherothrombotic stroke (IATS) and 124 healthy subjects (control group) are presented in the paper. It has been shown that in patients with IATS, the frequencies of main homozygotes (CC), heterozygotes (CT) and minor homozygotes (TT) are 52.4, 35.9, 11.8% (in control--46.0, 48.4, 5.6%, P = 0.044 by chi2-test). TT homozygotes have a greater chance of developing IATS than carriers of main C-allele (CT + CC) (OR = 2.3, CI = 0.911-5.449, P = 0.049). In the representatives of the Ukrainian population there is a relationship between the frequency of MTHFR gene C(677)-->T polymorphism genotypes and the risk of IATS. This connection is manifested in male patients, in persons with normal blood pressure, and in people who do not have the habit of smoking. The sex of the patients, body mass index, blood pressure and smoking affect the level of the studied polymorphism association with stroke.

[Analysis of matrix Gla-protein (MGP) G-7A polymorphism association with ischemic atherothrombotic stroke in persons with risk factors].

G-7A polymorphism (rs1800801) of matrix Gla protein (MGP) gene in 170 patients with ischemic atherothrombotic stroke (IATS) and in 124 persons of the control group was determined. It was shown that in patients with IATS the distribution of the major allele homozygotes, heterozygotes and minor allele homozygotes was 35.9; 48.8; 15.3% (in control--43.5; 50.0; 6.5%, P = 0.051 by chi2-test). Significant differences in the distribution of genotypes were revealed only in women (P = 0.022). Odds ratio for minor allele homozygotes (A/A) versus major allele carriers (G/A+G/G) was 2,618 (P = 0.023), while in women it was equal to 6,645 (P = 0.015). In patients with A/A genotype the values of blood coagulation parameters (prothrombin time) indicated increased predisposition to hypercoagulability. The results obtained suggest that the A/A-variant of MGP gene is associated with an increased risk of IATS in female persons of the Ukrainian population and may be related to blood hypercoagulability and thrombi formation.

[The polymorphism of matrix Gla-protein gene in ischemic atherothrombotic stroke patients].

Matrix Gla protein (MGP) gene allelic polymorphism in 170 patients with ischemic atherothrombotic stroke (IATS) and in 124 healthy people was determined. It was shown that in patients with IATS interrelation of main homozygotes, heterozygotes and minor homozygotes is 61,2, 31,2, 7,6% for T-138 --> C (rs1800802) promoter polymorphism (in control -59.7, 35.6, 4.8%, P = 0.521 by chi2-test); 35.9, 48.8, 15.3% for G(-7) --> A (rs1800801) polymorphism of promotor (in control--43.5, 50.0, 6.5%, P = 0.051); 39.4, 48.8, 11.8% for Thr83 --> Ala (rs4236) polymorphism of 4 exon (in control - 34.7, 53.2, 12.1%, P = 0.701). Significant differences in the frequency of G(-7) --> A polymorphism between patients with IATS and control group were revealed only for women (P = 0.022). The results obtained suggest that the A/A-variant of MGP gene promotor (G(-7) --> A polymorphism) is associated with an increased risk of IATS in female persons in the Ukrainian population.

[Matrix Gla-protein and its role in vascular wall calcification].

Data on the structure of matrix Gla-protein (MGP), its chemical characteristics, regulation of synthesis and post-translational modifications are described. The information on the structure of the MGP gene, its well distributed polymorphisms are presented. Factors that regulate expression and activity of MGP include vitamin D, retinoic acid, extracellular calcium ions, cytokines, and some hormones. It is emphasized that MGP is an important inhibitor of calcification of soft tissues. These properties of this protein are associated with the presence of residues of gamma-carboxiglutamic acid of its molecule. Four possible mechanisms of anticalcinogenic action of MGP are described: binding with calcium ions and crystals of hydroxyapatite, binding to extracellular matrix components, interaction with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) and elimination the effects of the latter, participation in the regulation of apoptosis. It is emphasized that the study of allelic variants of the MGP gene is important in the context of their possible association with the development of cardiovascular and other diseases.

[The frequency of allelic polymorphism of matrix Gla-protein gene in acute coronary syndrome patients].

Allelic polymorphisms of matrix Gla protein (MGP) gene were determinated in 115 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and in 110 practically healthy people. It was shown that interrelation of major homozygotes, heterozygotes and minor homozygotes by T-138-->C MGP promoter polymorphism in patients with ACS were 59.8%, 32.7%, 7.5% and in control 58.7%, 36.7%, 4.6% (P>0.05 by X2-test); by G-7-->A polymorphism: 42.1%, 45.6%, 12.3% and 41.8%, 54.5%, 3.6% correspondingly (P<0.05); and by Thr83Ala exon 4 polymorphism: 42.6%, 43.5%, 13.9% compared to 43.9%, 45.9%, 10.2% in control (P>0.05). The obtained data show that MGP A/A variant of MGP promoter G-7-->A polymorphism is a risk factor of ACS in Ukrainian population. These data indicate also that the intensity of calcification influences atherosclerotic injury of coronary artery.

[Intensity of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activity in arterial and venous walls during hypervitaminosis D]. / Intensyvnist' protsesiv perekysnoho okysnennia lipidiv ta antyoksydantna aktyvnist' arterial'noï i venoznoï stinky v dynamitsi rozvytku hipervitaminozu D.

The intensity of the lipid peroxydation (LPO) and the antioxidant enzyme activity (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxydase and catalase) on injecting vitamin D in high doses (10,000 U/kg) was examined in the arterial and venous walls of rabbits. The increase in the amount of the intermediate and final LPO products has been found in the vessels of all types. The lowest intensity of LPO was noted in the vena cava. The decrease in the antioxidant activity has been revealed. But vena cava inferior was the exception because the activity of all studied antioxidant enzymes grew in its wall. This increase is likely to be one of the reasons for vena resistance to the action of damaging factors.

[Effect of nifedipine, vitamin E, and bisphosphonates on intensity of lipid peroxidation in arterial and venous walls in hypervitaminosis D]. / Vplyv nifedypinu, vitaminu E ta bisfosfonativ na intensyvnist' protsesiv perekysnoho okysnennia lipidiv v arterial'nii i venoznii stinkakh za umov hipervitaminozu D.

The peculiarities of lipid peroxydation (LPO) following injection of vitamin D in high doses (10,000 U/kg) and other agents (bisphosphanates, vitamin E, nifedipin) were examined in both arterial and venous walls of rabbits. It has been shown, that tan injection of the bisphosphanates didn't influence significantly the amount of both the intermediate and the final LPO products. Nifedipin did not change the intensity of LPO in the arterial vessels, but it limited the LPO reactions in the venous walls. Vitamin E decreased considerably an amount of the LPO products in all types of the vesselsunder exploration in the animals with hypervitaminosis D.