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1.
Arch Oral Biol ; 158: 105870, 2024 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38091768

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to shed new light on the potential detrimental effects on cementum and adjacent alveolar bone after chronic exposure to amoxicillin. METHODS: Six pregnant adult Albino rats were equally divided into two groups. Saline solution and amoxicillin (100 mg/Kg) were given to rats of control and amoxicillin group, respectively from the 13th to the 21st day of pregnancy. The same treatment was given to the pups till the 42nd day. The cementum of the first molar teeth and the surrounding alveolar bone were examined qualitatively by histopathological and scanning electron microscope, and quantitatively by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and cone beam computed tomography. RESULTS: Amoxicillin group depicted cemental and alveolar bone defects along with resorption lacunae. Statistically significant decreases in calcium and calcium/phosphorus ratio in cementum and in calcium only in alveolar bone were evident (p ≤ 0.05). Overall cementum and alveolar bone densities also showed statistically significant decreases (p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chronic amoxicillin administration displayed destructive effects on cementum and the surrounding alveolar bone which may disturb tooth attachment integrity. Therefore, it is recommended to minimize its haphazard usage during pregnancy and early childhood.


Asunto(s)
Cemento Dental , Diente , Preescolar , Humanos , Adulto , Ratas , Animales , Cemento Dental/diagnóstico por imagen , Proceso Alveolar , Calcio/farmacología , Diente Molar/patología
2.
Odontology ; 111(3): 608-617, 2023 Jul.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36434465

RESUMEN

This study aimed to assess the histological changes in the maxillary sinus and its adjacent dental tissues as pulp and periodontal ligament during pregnancy and investigate the role of estrogen hormone in these changes through the detection of estrogen receptors in these tissues. Sixteen adult female rats were used and were allocated into two groups: control non-pregnant (n = 8) and pregnant (n = 8). They were sacrificed and their heads were prepared for histological and immunohistochemical examination for estrogen receptor alpha. Our results revealed that pregnant rats revealed inflammatory changes in the sinus as thick epithelial lining, loss of cilia, swollen goblet cells, intraepithelial and interstitial edema. The lamina propria demonstrated considerable infiltration of inflammatory cells, glandular hyperplasia with vacuolar degeneration, and vascular congestion. Periodontal ligament and pulp revealed hyperemia and vascular congestion. Immunohistochemical examination of estrogen receptor alpha in the maxillary sinus and adjacent dental tissues (Periodontal ligament and pulp) in pregnant rats revealed a significant increase in its expression in all examined tissues. In conclusion, there was an increase in expression of ERα in the sinus mucosa and dental tissues during pregnancy together with slight inflammatory changes in these tissues. Hence, dentists should be aware of the effect of these changes on the pregnant women avoiding teeth extraction due to misdiagnosis of dental, periodontal or sinus pain after exclusion of true pathologies.


Asunto(s)
Receptor alfa de Estrógeno , Ligamento Periodontal , Ratas , Femenino , Humanos , Embarazo , Animales , Seno Maxilar , Pulpa Dental
3.
Arch Oral Biol ; 121: 104953, 2021 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33152593

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to examine the potential changes in enamel surface of human smokers' teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty extracted permanent, human, noncarious anterior teeth were used in this study. Half of these teeth were obtained from heavy smokers, while the other half of teeth were collected from nonsmokers (control teeth). The teeth were then subjected for scanning electron microscopic examination together with energy dispersive X ray and micro-hardness analysis to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative effect of smoking respectively. RESULTS: SEM of smokers' teeth showed variable degrees of destruction from small areas of demineralization as holes and pits to destruction and deterioration of the organizational pattern of the rod substance. Moreover, areas of defective remineralization were detected. The microhardness, calcium and phosphorus weight % significantly decreased whereas the Ca/P ratio was significantly increased. CONCLUSION: Cigarette smoking adversely affected the ultrastructure and mechanical properties of enamel and even hindered the normal remineralization process thus cigarette smoking cessation should be promoted in the dental office daily practices.


Asunto(s)
Fumar Cigarrillos/efectos adversos , Esmalte Dental/química , Esmalte Dental/ultraestructura , Calcio/análisis , Dureza , Humanos , Técnicas In Vitro , Microscopía Electrónica de Rastreo , Fósforo/análisis , Fumadores , Diente , Desmineralización Dental
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