RESUMEN
We report on a pair of dizygotic twins born to consanguineous parents, showing an extreme delay in skeletal maturation (roughly corresponding to the time of birth at the age of 4 10/12 years), mild metaphyseal irregularities, and normal to large stature (+ 1 to + 2 SD) with normal growth pattern, long fingers, generalized small joint hyperlaxity with flat feet, genua valga, and low normal intellectual development. This disorder was not associated with abnormal endocrine function or abnormal Ca/P metabolism. This epiphyseal disorder is compatible with autosomal recessive inheritance.
Asunto(s)
Osteocondrodisplasias/genética , Estatura , Preescolar , Consanguinidad , Enfermedades en Gemelos/genética , Femenino , Deformidades Congénitas de la Mano , Humanos , Masculino , Osteocondrodisplasias/patología , Huesos Pélvicos/anomalías , Huesos Pélvicos/diagnóstico por imagen , Embarazo , Radiografía , Gemelos DicigóticosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: It has been reported that MRI using a dynamic gadolinium-enhanced subtraction technique can allow the early identification of ischaemia and the pattern of revascularisation in Legg-Calvé-Perthes (LCP) disease with increased spatial and contrast resolution. Therefore, dynamic gadolinium-enhanced subtraction (DGS) MRI may be a possible non-ionising substitute for bone scintigraphy. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this prospective study was to compare DGS MRI and bone scintigraphy in the assessment of femoral head perfusion in LCP disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six DGS MR images and bone scintigraphies of 25 hips in 23 children were obtained at different stages of LCP disease; three stage I, 12 stage II, six stage III and five stage IV (Waldenström classification). The extent of necrosis, epiphyseal revascularisation pathways (lateral pillar, medial pillar, and/or transphyseal perfusion) and metaphyseal changes were analysed. RESULTS: Total agreement between both techniques was noted in the depiction of epiphyseal necrosis (kappa=1), and metaphyseal abnormalities (kappa=0.9). DGS MRI demonstrated better revascularisation in the lateral (kappa=0.62) and medial pillars (kappa=0.52). The presence of basal transphyseal reperfusion was more conspicuous with MRI. CONCLUSIONS: DGS MRI allows early detection of epiphyseal ischaemia and accurate analysis of the different revascularisation patterns. These changes are directly related to the prognosis of LCP disease and can aid therapeutic decision making.
