Psychosocial interventions for teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A systematic literature review.

OBJECTIVES: Psychosocial interventions can improve teenagers' self-esteem, mental health and bracing compliance. There is a need to compile available evidence of psychosocial care in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. This systematic review aimed to identify and evaluate the effects of existing interventional studies of psychosocial care for the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis population. METHODS: A comprehensive search of relevant literature published from the inception to March 2023 was conducted using nine databases. A google scholar search was performed on 1 July 2023, to update the searching results. Two reviewers independently assessed the methodological quality and extracted details of the included studies. Given the heterogeneity of the selected articles, the findings were synthesized narratively without conducting a meta-analysis. RESULTS: Four randomized controlled trials reported in six articles involving 385 teenagers were included. The interventions appeared acceptable with high recruitment rates and low dropout rates reported. Psychosocial interventions had shown significant positive effects on postoperative pain, engagement in daily and social activities as well as brace use, coping abilities and anxiety. CONCLUSION: Psychosocial interventions are generally feasible and acceptable among the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis population and have produced positive effects on a variety of physical and psychosocial outcomes. Study findings need to be interpreted with caution due to the limited number of available articles and the methodological concerns of the reviewed articles. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Well-designed clinical trials are warranted in people from cultural backgrounds to develop and implement effective psychosocial interventions for teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, not only for those at the post-surgery stage but also for those receiving conservative treatment.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Validation of the Constipation Assessment Scale among Chinese Adult Psychiatric Patients.

BACKGROUND: Constipation is a functional gastrointestinal disorder that presents with signs and symptoms, which are typically assessed subjectively. Various measurement scales, such as the Constipation Assessment Scale (CAS), are commonly used to evaluate constipation among the general population. However, the instruments should be culturally and contextually relevant in adult psychiatric patients to generate valid and reliable evidence. PURPOSE: This study aimed to cross-culturally adapt and psychometrically validate the traditional Chinese version of the CAS among adult psychiatric patients in Hong Kong. METHOD: Using the Brislin protocol and Consensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) guidelines, the CAS was translated into traditional Chinese and tested for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, content validity, and construct validity among psychiatric patients in Hong Kong. RESULTS: The CAS was successfully translated into CAS-TC. The CAS-TC version demonstrated good content validity (scale level CVI = 97%), internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.79), and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.722 [95% CI, 0.587-0.812]). The CAS-TC showed a two-factor loading for the construct validity, which explained 54% of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS: The CAS-TC is valid and reliable and can be employed to assess constipation among adult psychiatric patients.