Agromyces mariniharenae sp. nov., a novel indole-acetic acid producing actinobacterium isolated from marine sand.

A Gram-positive, aerobic, heterotrophic, non-endospore-forming, rod-shaped and indole-acetic acid-producing strain, designated NEAU-184T, was isolated from marine sand collected in Sanya, PR China, and its taxonomic position was investigated using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data indicated that strain NEAU-184T should be assigned to the genus Agromyces and formed a distinct branch with its closest neighbour, Agromyces iriomotensis NBRC 106452T (99.1 %). 2,4-Diaminobutyric acid, d-alanine, d-glutamic acid and glycine were detected in cell-wall hydrolysate and glucose, rhamnose and xylose were detected in whole-cell hydrolysate. The polar lipids were found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, glycolipid, phosphatidylglycerol and two unidentified lipids. The major menaquinone was MK-12 and the minor menaquinones were MK-13 and MK-11. The predominant fatty acids were anteiso-C17 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 71.5 mol%. Furthermore, the strain could be clearly distinguished from its closely related type strains by the combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and some phenotypic characteristics. Meanwhile, the strain has the ability to produce indole-acetic acid (0.334mg ml-1). Therefore, strain NEAU-184T represents a novel species of the genus Agromyces, for which the name Agromyces mariniharenae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain NEAU-184T (=CGMCC 4.7505T=JCM 32546T) as the type strain.

Streptomyces triticagri sp. nov. and Streptomyces triticirhizae sp. nov., two novel Actinobacteria isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Two novel Actinobacteria, designated strains NEAU-YY421T and NEAU-YY642T, were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) collected from Zhumadian, Henan Province, PR China and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strains NEAU-YY421T and NEAU-YY642T belonged to the genus Streptomyces and strain NEAU-YY421T was most closely related to Streptomyces fumanus CGMCC 4.1732T (97.9 % sequence similarity) and Streptomyces naganishii DSM 40282T (97.8 %), and that of strain NEAU-YY642T to Streptomyces zhaozhouensis LZS-5T (98.0 %) and Streptomyces sedi YIM 65188T (97.5 %). The cell walls of the two strains contained ll-diaminopimelic acid as the diagnostic diamino acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were glucose and ribose. Multilocus sequence analysis using the concatenated sequences of the atp D, gyr B, rec A, rpo B and trp B genes showed that the two strains formed separate branches in the genus Streptomyces. Moreover, a combination of DNA-DNA hybridization results and cultural and physiological properties indicated that the two strains can be distinguished from their closest phylogenetic relatives. Therefore, strains NEAU-YY421T and NEAU-YY642T belong to two novel species in the genus Streptomyces, for which the names Streptomyces triticagri sp. nov. (NEAU-YY421T=CGMCC 4.7476T=DSM 106775T) and Streptomyces triticirhizae sp. nov. (NEAU-YY642T=CCTCC AA 2018092T=DSM 107172T) are proposed, respectively.

Actinomadura harenae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from sea sand in Sanya.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-Ht49T, was isolated from sea sand sampled in Sanya and characterized by using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-Ht49T was most closely related to Actinomadura rhizosphaerae SDA37T (98.8 %), Actinomadura logoneensis NEAU-G17T (98.6 %), Actinomadura oligospora ATCC 43269T (98.6 %) and Actinomadura gamaensis NEAU-Gz5T (98.6 %). The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NEAU-Ht49T formed a cluster with A. rhizosphaerae SDA37T, A. logoneensis NEAU-G17T, A. oligospora ATCC 43269T, A. gamaensis NEAU-Gz5T and Actinomadura rupiterrae CS5-AC15T (96.4 %). Meso-diaminopimelic acid was detected in its cell walls and glucose, madurose, mannose and ribose were detected in whole-cell hydrolysate. The polar lipids were found to consist of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositolmannoside and two unidentified lipids. The majoy menaquinone was MK-10(H6) and the minor menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H8). The major fatty acids were C16 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, 10-methyl C18 : 0 and iso-C16 : 0. Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of properties of strain NEAU-Ht49T also confirmed the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Actinomadura. However, DNA-DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical data showed that strain NEAU-Ht49T could be distinguished from its closest relatives. Therefore, strain NEAU-Ht49T represents a novel species of the genus Actinomadura, for which the name Actinomadura harenae sp. nov. is proposed, with strain NEAU-Ht49T (=CGMCC 4.7499T=JCM 32659T) as the type strain.

Cellulomonas rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from soil.

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-TCZ24T, was isolated from soil and characterized using a polyphasic approach. The results of phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the organism should be assigned to the genus Cellulomonas and formed a stable clade with its closest relatives Cellulomonas terrae JCM 14899T (98.4 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), Cellulomonas xylanilytica JCM 14281T (97.9 %) and Cellulomonas humilata JCM 11945T (97.7 %). The major menaquinones were identified as MK-9(H4) and MK-8(H4). The phospholipid profile was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositolmannoside, a ninhydrin-positiveglycolipid, an unidentified phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified phospholipid and an unidentified lipid. The major fatty acids were identified as anteiso-C15 : 0, C18 : 1ω9c, C16 : 0 and anteiso-C17 : 0. Moreover, morphological and chemotaxonomic properties of NEAU-TCZ24T also confirmed the affiliation of the isolate to the genus Cellulomonas. However, multilocus sequence analysis based on five other house-keeping genes (gyrB, rpoB, recA, relA and atpD), DNA-DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical data indicated that NEAU-TCZ24T could be distinguished from its closest relatives. Therefore, it is proposed that NEAU-TCZ24T represents a novel species of the genus Cellulomonas, for which the name Cellulomonas rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-TCZ24T (=CCTCC AA 2018042T=JCM 32383T).

Sphaerimonospora triticiradicis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from a root of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-HRGS1-10T, was isolated from a root of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) collected from Zhumadian, Henan Province, Central China and characterised using a polyphasic approach. The organism was found to have morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics typical of members of the genus Sphaerimonospora. The major menaquinones and the whole cell hydrolysates were identified as MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H2) and meso-diaminopimelic acid and madurose, respectively. The phospholipid profile was found to contain diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol mannosides, phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, a phosphoglycolipid, an unidentified lipid and an unidentified phospholipid. The major fatty acids were identified as iso-C16:0 and 10-methyl C17:0. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain NEAU-HRGS1-10T is closely related to Sphaerimonospora mesophila JCM 3151T (99.0%), Sphaerimonospora cavernae NBRC 111481T (97.9%) and Sphaerimonospora thailandensis NBRC 107569T (97.4%). However, DNA-DNA relatedness, cultural and physiological and biochemical data showed that strain NEAU-HRGS1-10T can be distinguished from its close relatives. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-HRGS1-10T represents a novel species of the genus Sphaerimonospora, for which the name Sphaerimonospora triticiradicis sp. nov. is proposed. The type stain is NEAU-HRGS1-10T (= CGMCC 4.7401T = DSM 104915T).

Streptomyces triticisoli sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-DSCPA1-4-4T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that the organism should be assigned to the genus Streptomyces. The strain formed a monophyletic clade with its closest relatives, Streptomyces ghanaensis DSM 40746T (97.7 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity) and Streptomyces viridosporus DSM 40243T (97.6 %). Similarly, chemotaxonomic data, including major menaquinones, fatty acid compositions and polar lipid profile, also supported the placement of strain NEAU-DSCPA1-4-4T in the genus Streptomyces. However, DNA-DNA relatedness, physiological and biochemical data showed that strain NEAU-DSCPA1-4-4T could be distinguished from its closest relatives. Therefore, we propose that strain NEAU-DSCPA1-4-4T represents a novel species of the genus Streptomyces, for which the name Streptomycestriticisoli sp. nov. is proposed, with NEAU-DSCPA1-4-4T (=CCTCC AA 2017025T=DSM 105118T) as the type strain.