Research of wet string grid dust removal vehicle and creation of dust control area on tunnel working face.

The spread of blast dust throughout the tunnel becomes a common problem in drill and blast tunneling,the key to breaking through the problem is the creation of a dust control area on the working face.In view of this key problem, a wet string grid dust removal crawler vehicle was developed, the power of the vehicle came from the diesel generator, and further, the air cooler of the diesel generator was used to generate airflow, and the suction process formed by the on-board axial flow fan was coupled to create a dust control area of the working face after blasting.The results show that when the frequency of the axial flow fan is adjusted to 30 Hz, the airflow speed of the wet chord grid section reaches 3.34 m/s, and the dust removal efficiency is the highest, with a value of 94.3%.Compared with the non-use of the dust removal vehicle, when the air outlet of the air cooler is front, horizontal front, horizontal rear, the dust concentration is reduced by 74.37, 92.39 and 50.53%.Finally, the optimized wet grid dust removal crawler was installed in the Dading tunnel, and the actual dust reduction efficiency was about 78.49%. The results obtained provide an important technical way to improve the working environment of the drilling and blasting construction tunnel.

Oxidatively stressed extracellular microenvironment drives fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis.

Kidney fibrosis is associated with tubular injury, oxidative stress and activation of interstitial fibroblasts. However, whether these events are somehow connected is poorly understood. In this study, we show that glutathione peroxidase-3 (GPX3) depletion in renal tubular epithelium after kidney injury plays a central role in orchestrating an oxidatively stressed extracellular microenvironment, which drives interstitial fibroblast activation and proliferation. Through transcriptional profiling by RNA-sequencing, we found that the expression of GPX3 was down-regulated in various models of chronic kidney disease (CKD), which was correlated with induction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAPDH) oxidase-4 (NOX4). By using decellularized extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffold, we demonstrated that GPX3-depleted extracellular microenvironment spontaneously induced NOX4 expression and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in renal fibroblasts and triggered their activation and proliferation. Activation of NOX4 by advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) mimicked the loss of GPX3, increased the production of ROS, stimulated fibroblast activation and proliferation, and activated protein kinase C-α (PKCα)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling. Silencing NOX4 or inhibition of MAPK with small molecule inhibitors hampered fibroblast activation and proliferation. In mouse model of CKD, knockdown of NOX4 repressed renal fibroblast activation and proliferation and alleviated kidney fibrosis. These results indicate that loss of GPX3 orchestrates an oxidatively stressed extracellular microenvironment, which promotes fibroblast activation and proliferation through a cascade of signal transduction. Our studies underscore the crucial role of extracellular microenvironment in driving fibroblast activation and kidney fibrosis.

Proteomic landscape of the extracellular matrix in the fibrotic kidney.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex three-dimensional network of proteins surrounding cells, forming a niche that controls cell adhesion, proliferation, migration and differentiation. The ECM network provides an architectural scaffold for surrounding cells and undergoes dynamic changes in composition and contents during the evolution of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Here, we unveiled the proteomic landscape of the ECM by delineating proteome-wide and ECM-specific alterations in normal and fibrotic kidneys. Decellularized kidney tissue scaffolds were made and subjected to proteomic profiling by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. A total of 172 differentially expressed proteins were identified in these scaffolds from mice with CKD. Through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation, we identified a core set of nine signature proteins, which could play a role in establishing an oxidatively stressed, profibrotic, proinflammatory and antiangiogenetic microenvironment. Among these nine proteins, glutathione peroxidase 3 (GPX3) was the only protein with downregulated expression during CKD. Knockdown of GPX3 in vivo augmented ECM expression and aggravated kidney fibrotic lesions after obstructive injury. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that GPX3 depletion resulted in an altered expression of the genes enriched in hypoxia pathway. Knockdown of GPX3 induced NADPH oxidase 2 expression, promoted kidney generation of reactive oxygen species and activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Conversely, overexpression of exogenous GPX3 alleviated kidney fibrosis, inhibited NADPH oxidase 2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. These findings suggest that oxidative stress is a pivotal element of the fibrogenic microenvironment. Thus, our studies represent a comprehensive proteomic characterization of the ECM in the fibrotic kidney and provide novel insights into molecular composition of the fibrogenic microenvironment.

The extracellular matrix glycoprotein fibrillin-1 in health and disease.

Fibrillin-1 (FBN1) is a large, cysteine-rich, calcium binding extracellular matrix glycoprotein encoded by FBN1 gene. It serves as a structural component of microfibrils and provides force-bearing mechanical support in elastic and nonelastic connective tissue. As such, mutations in the FBN1 gene can cause a wide variety of genetic diseases such as Marfan syndrome, an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by ocular, skeletal and cardiovascular abnormalities. FBN1 also interacts with numerous microfibril-associated proteins, growth factors and cell membrane receptors, thereby mediating a wide range of biological processes such as cell survival, proliferation, migration and differentiation. Dysregulation of FBN1 is involved in the pathogenesis of many human diseases, such as cancers, cardiovascular disorders and kidney diseases. Paradoxically, both depletion and overexpression of FBN1 upregulate the bioavailability and signal transduction of TGF-ß via distinct mechanisms in different settings. In this review, we summarize the structure and expression of FBN1 and present our current understanding of the functional role of FBN1 in various human diseases. This knowledge will allow to develop better strategies for therapeutic intervention of FBN1 related diseases.

How Does Climate Policy Uncertainty Affect Green Innovation? Evidence from China.

In response to climate change, governments have adopted various climate policies. However, climate policy uncertainty (CPU) may have important implications for the business sector. Is enterprise green innovation (GI) affected by CPU? This study investigates the impact of CPU on enterprise GI. The China CPU index is created first in this study. It uses panel data from Chinese A-share listed companies in China from 2010 to 2021 to explore the impact of CPU on GI through the fixed effects model, the mediating effects model, and the moderating effects model. The results show that: (1) CPU significantly suppresses GI, according to the findings. (2) CPU inhibits enterprise GI by exacerbating enterprise financing constraints. (3) Government subsidies can mitigate the inhibiting effect of CPU on GI. (4) There is heterogeneity in the negative impact of CPU on enterprise GI, mainly on non-state-owned enterprises. This study suggests several recommendations for coping with CPU in China.

Chlamydia-related knowledge, opinion to opportunistic testing, and practices of providers among different sexually transmitted infections related departments in hospitals in Shenzhen city, China.

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infection could lead to seriously adverse outcomes if left untreated. This study aimed to determine CT-related knowledge, opinion to testing, and practices of providers among different sexually transmitted infections (STI) related departments in hospitals in Shenzhen city, China, and also to explore the differences in these responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1st April 2018 to 15th April 2018, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Shenzhen and 64 of 66 hospitals agreed to participate in this study. In the hospital sites, all the providers from the department of obstetrics and gynecology, department of dermatology and venereology, department of urology, and anorectal surgical department were recruited. A structured paper-based questionnaire was used to obtain data on CT-related information. RESULTS: A total of 355 providers from 64 hospitals participated in the current study. Compared to providers from the department of dermatology and venereology, those from the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OR = 0.31, 95% CI 0.16-0.62), department of urology (OR = 0.32, 95% CI 0.16-0.65), and anorectal surgical department (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.09-0.71) were less likely to identify that "Be in a long-term mutually monogamous relationship with a partner who has been tested and has negative STI test results." is an appropriate way for a sexually active person to reduce risk of getting CT. Also, those from the department of obstetrics and gynecology (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.87) were less likely to identify that "Use latex condoms the right way every time you have sex" is another appropriate way. A high proportion of providers agreed that all sexually active patients attending to their department should be screened regularly (77.1%), and they are willing to offer opportunistic CT screening (96.0%). Only 11.4% of respondents correctly identified that the appropriate time frame of the CT retesting is three months. CONCLUSIONS: Providers among STI-related departments in hospitals showed a very high willingness to offer opportunistic CT screening. However, this study showed important gaps in providers' knowledge and practices in China, targeted training in CT-related knowledge and practice is urgently needed.

Examining the Prevalence of Peripartum Depressive Symptoms in a Border Community.

Introduction: Depression is one of the most common complications in pregnancy, affecting 10% to 20% of women. Untreated peripartum depression increases the risk of adverse life events, more considerable distress, homelessness, and illness later in life. This study explored the prevalence of peripartum depression and associated demographic characteristics in a population of low-income, Healthy Start program participants in one New Mexico county along the U.S.-Mexico border where knowledge of depression prevalence is lacking. Materials and Methods: Healthy Start caseworkers routinely administered the 10-item Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) to all pregnant and recently pregnant program participants between 2009 and 2017. Scores for the first prenatal screen, first postpartum screen, and all screens for 1453 women were studied. A score of >10 points out of a possible 30 indicated a positive screen. Screening outcome was examined in relation to age, race, ethnicity, primary language, and trimester of the prenatal screen. Crude and adjusted odds ratios were generated from logistic regression models. Results: Overall, 16.4% of women screened positive for depression. English-speaking women, non-Hispanic white women, and those ages >35 years were more likely to screen positive. Women >35 years also had higher odds of reporting thoughts of self-harm than younger women. Conclusion: In this low-income border population, non-Hispanic white, English-speaking women over the age of 35 were at the greatest risk of peripartum depression. These findings underscore the need for peripartum depression screening in this population.