Orbital-selective time-domain signature of nematicity dynamics in the charge-density-wave phase of La1.65Eu0.2Sr0.15CuO4.

Understanding the interplay between charge, nematic, and structural ordering tendencies in cuprate superconductors is critical to unraveling their complex phase diagram. Using pump-probe time-resolved resonant X-ray scattering on the (0 0 1) Bragg peak at the Cu [Formula: see text] and O [Formula: see text] resonances, we investigate nonequilibrium dynamics of [Formula: see text] nematic order and its association with both charge density wave (CDW) order and lattice dynamics in La[Formula: see text]Eu[Formula: see text]Sr[Formula: see text]CuO[Formula: see text]. The orbital selectivity of the resonant X-ray scattering cross-section allows nematicity dynamics associated with the planar O 2[Formula: see text] and Cu 3[Formula: see text] states to be distinguished from the response of anisotropic lattice distortions. A direct time-domain comparison of CDW translational-symmetry breaking and nematic rotational-symmetry breaking reveals that these broken symmetries remain closely linked in the photoexcited state, consistent with the stability of CDW topological defects in the investigated pump fluence regime.

IFT140 Mutation and End-Stage Renal Disease in Mainzer-Saldino Syndrome: A Case Report.

Mainzer-Saldino syndrome (MSS) or conorenal syndrome (CRS) is a rare autosomal recessive ciliopathy characterized by multiorgan affection, typically presents with a triad of nephronophthisis (NPHP), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), and cone-shaped epiphysis (CSE) with varying degrees of severity. A 20-month-old male is experiencing recurrent pneumonia attacks, an elevated serum creatinine level, proteinuria, and high anion gap partially compensated metabolic acidosis were incidentally discovered during one of his hospitalizations. A biopsy was performed, and the results supported the diagnosis of Alport syndrome. However, a subsequent genetic test suggests the presence of MSS. Aside from NPHP, RP and CSE tested positive. Based on the fact that MSS is not a common cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in pediatrics, physicians should bear in mind genetic testing as a decisive tool. In this context, we highlighted a case of an accidentally discovered impaired renal function from first presentation to final diagnosis, with a valuable comparison with previously published similar cases.

Case Report: Stretching the limits-late valvuloplasty for THV dysfunction following redo mitral valve-in-valve implantation.

Late balloon valvuloplasty can be used to treat under-expansion-related transcatheter heart valve (THV) dysfunction. Whether this can be performed following redo-THV implantation is unknown. Herein, we report a case of a 72-year-old male presenting with symptomatic gradient elevation following redo mitral valve-in-valve implantation. The patient was successfully treated with late balloon valvuloplasty with gradient improvement. In conclusion, late valvuloplasty is effective even with several layers of valves. However, larger studies are required to clarify the role of this approach further.

Pines' demon observed as a 3D acoustic plasmon in Sr2RuO4.

The characteristic excitation of a metal is its plasmon, which is a quantized collective oscillation of its electron density. In 1956, David Pines predicted that a distinct type of plasmon, dubbed a 'demon', could exist in three-dimensional (3D) metals containing more than one species of charge carrier1. Consisting of out-of-phase movement of electrons in different bands, demons are acoustic, electrically neutral and do not couple to light, so have never been detected in an equilibrium, 3D metal. Nevertheless, demons are believed to be critical for diverse phenomena including phase transitions in mixed-valence semimetals2, optical properties of metal nanoparticles3, soundarons in Weyl semimetals4 and high-temperature superconductivity in, for example, metal hydrides3,5-7. Here, we present evidence for a demon in Sr2RuO4 from momentum-resolved electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Formed of electrons in the ß and γ bands, the demon is gapless with critical momentum qc = 0.08 reciprocal lattice units and room-temperature velocity v = (1.065 ± 0.12) × 105 m s-1 that undergoes a 31% renormalization upon cooling to 30 K because of coupling to the particle-hole continuum. The momentum dependence of the intensity of the demon confirms its neutral character. Our study confirms a 67-year old prediction and indicates that demons may be a pervasive feature of multiband metals.

Signaling pathways driving ocular malignancies and their targeting by bioactive phytochemicals.

Ocular cancers represent a rare pathology. The American Cancer Society estimates that 3,360 cases of ocular cancer occur annually in the United States. The major types of cancers of the eye include ocular melanoma (also known as uveal melanoma), ocular lymphoma, retinoblastoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. While uveal melanoma is one of the primary intraocular cancers with the highest occurrence in adults, retinoblastoma remains the most common primary intraocular cancer in children, and squamous cell carcinoma presents as the most common conjunctival cancer. The pathophysiology of these diseases involves specific cell signaling pathways. Oncogene mutations, tumor suppressor mutations, chromosome deletions/translocations and altered proteins are all described as causal events in developing ocular cancer. Without proper identification and treatment of these cancers, vision loss, cancer spread, and even death can occur. The current treatments for these cancers involve enucleation, radiation, excision, laser treatment, cryotherapy, immunotherapy, and chemotherapy. These treatments present a significant burden to the patient that includes a possible loss of vision and a myriad of side effects. Therefore, alternatives to traditional therapy are urgently needed. Intercepting the signaling pathways for these cancers with the use of naturally occurring phytochemicals could be a way to relieve both cancer burden and perhaps even prevent cancer occurrence. This research aims to present a comprehensive review of the signaling pathways involved in various ocular cancers, discuss current therapeutic options, and examine the potential of bioactive phytocompounds in the prevention and targeted treatment of ocular neoplasms. The current limitations, challenges, pitfalls, and future research directions are also discussed.

Synthesis of Iron(II) Clathrochelate-Based Poly(vinylene sulfide) with Tetraphenylbenzene Bridging Units and Their Selective Oxidation into Their Corresponding Poly(vinylene sulfone) Copolymers: Promising Materials for Iodine Capture.

The development of a simple and efficient synthetic methodology to engineer functional polymer materials for gas adsorption is necessary due to its relevance for various applications. Herein, we report the synthesis of metalorganic poly(vinylene sulfide) copolymers CTP1-3 with iron(II) clathrochelate of various side groups connected by tetraphenylbenzene units. CTP1-3 were subsequently oxidized into their respective poly(vinylene sulfone) copolymers CTP4-6 under green reaction conditions. The target copolymers CTP1-6 were characterized using various instrumental analysis techniques. Examination of the iodine adsorption properties of the copolymers revealed high iodine uptake properties, reaching 2360 mg g-1 for CTP2, and whose reusability tests proved its efficient regeneration, thus proving the importance of iron(II) clathrochelate polymers in iodine capture.

Aramid-wrapped CNT hybrid sol-gel sorbent for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

This work describes the preparation of an analytical microextraction sorbent using a simple and versatile sol-gel hybrid composite, i.e., aramid oligomers wrapping multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) covalently bonded to a porous silica network. To overcome the inherent shortcomings of the CNTs' solubility and dispersion in both organic phases and in the sol-gel solution, the outer surface of the CNTs was initially functionalized with carboxylic acid groups and then reacted with both aramid oligomers and 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane (APTES). The obtained sorbent was characterized by FT-IR, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Using sol-gel chemistry, the functionalized CNTs were coated onto SPME fibers and used in conjunction with GC-MS for the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water and soil samples. Excellent repeatability (run-to-run RSD% ∼ 8) and reproducibility (fiber-to-fiber RSD% ∼ 6) were achieved in addition to low LODs (0.10-0.30 ng mL-1) and noticeable recovery%. The present method of sorbent preparation led to enhanced thermal and chemical stabilities, a long sorbent lifetime and good affinity towards PAHs. Moreover, the present sorbent enhanced the extraction capability by more than 30% compared to that of commercially available PDMS counterparts.

Generic character of charge and spin density waves in superconducting cuprates.

Charge density waves (CDWs) have been observed in nearly all families of copper-oxide superconductors. But the behavior of these phases across different families has been perplexing. In La-based cuprates, the CDW wavevector is an increasing function of doping, exhibiting the so-called Yamada behavior, while in Y- and Bi-based materials the behavior is the opposite. Here, we report a combined resonant soft X-ray scattering (RSXS) and neutron scattering study of charge and spin density waves in isotopically enriched La1.8−xEu0.2SrxCuO4 over a range of doping 0.07≤x≤0.20. We find that the CDW amplitude is temperature independent and develops well above experimentally accessible temperatures. Further, the CDW wavevector shows a nonmonotonic temperature dependence, exhibiting Yamada behavior at low temperature with a sudden change occurring near the spin ordering temperature. We describe these observations using a Landau­Ginzburg theory for an incommensurate CDW in a metallic system with a finite charge compressibility and spin-CDW coupling. Extrapolating to high temperature, where the CDW amplitude is small and spin order is absent, our analysis predicts a decreasing wavevector with doping, similar to Y and Bi cuprates. Our study suggests that CDW order in all families of cuprates forms by a common mechanism.

A chromia-based sorbent for the enrichment of phosphotyrosine.

Developing of new core@shell particles (CSPs) bearing metal oxides on their outer surfaces is of a great interest. Such hybrid systems have many benefits, i.e., low cost, operation simplicity, chemical stability and tunability along with simple recoverability and reusability that make them suitable as dispersive solid phase extraction (DSPE) sorbents for selecting/extracting different types of molecular structures. Accordingly, herein, novel chromia-based CSPs were successfully prepared and utilized as efficient DSPE for selective enrichment toward phosphotyrosine (pTyr). A modified version of Stöber method was used to prepare highly dispersed core particles that were further coated with the chromium oxide. The outer shell surface morphology and thickness of SiO2@Cr2O3-CSP system were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), whereas the surface functionalities were determined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), FT-IR spectroscopy and zeta potential. The prepared chromia sorbent showed a significant improvement in extracting a probe-analyte (pTyr) compared to the results obtained by titania-based counterparts. As well to this, a noticeable stability of the SiO2@Cr2O3-CSP sorbent was remarkably achieved which upon simple solvent-wash cycles, the studied sorbent can be regenerated/reused. Noticeably low-levels of LOD and LOQ (3.0 and 15 pg mL-1) were attained with good linearity (R2 of 0.9995), batch-to-batch reproducibility (RSD% ≤ 10) and run-to-run repeatability (RSD% ≤ 5.5).

Osteochondrosis of Humeral Capitellum, Diagnosis and Treatment - A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION: Osteochondrosis of humeral capitellum (Panner's disease) is a rare condition. Very few cases are reported in the literature and may be overlooked or misdiagnosed. Most cases are unilateral in distribution and occur in young boys during the first decade of life. It is often difficult to distinguish osteochondrosis from osteochondritis dissecans of the humeral capitellum that occurs in older children and adolescents in the second decade of life. CASE REPORT: We describe a case of a 6-year-old boy who presented with pain, subtle swelling and limited extension in his right elbow following a fall. Diagnosis of Panner's disease was made 2 weeks later on follow-up based on classical features on plain radiograph of joint effusion, irregular delineation of the articular contour, and faint sclerosis of the capitellum with a radiolucent line in the subchondral bone. The patient had uneventful full functional recovery with conservative treatment: Rest, temporary immobilization, and subsequent remobilization. CONCLUSION: Osteochondrosis of humeral capitellum though rare is a known condition. It may be overlooked or misdiagnosed. High degree of awareness is required and diagnosis can be made with utmost care based on the age of presentation, clinical signs and clearly recognizable plain radiographic features of joint effusion, irregular articular outline with radiolucent line in subchondral bone and faint sclerosis of capitellum.

A highly sensitive "ON-OFF-ON" dual optical sensor for the detection of Cu(II) ion and triazole pesticides based on novel BODIPY-substituted cavitand.

The synthesis with full structural characterization including elemental analysis and 1H, 13C, 11B and 19F NMR, FT-IR and MALDI-TOF spectral data, along with the florescence sensing behavior of a new resorcin[4]arene cavitand 3 bearing multiple BODIPY sites achieved by the Cu-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) is being reported. The spatial orientation of multiple BODIPY-1,2,3-triazole arms based on the macrocyclic rigid core is of great interest since the resulting structure has been utilized as a fluorescent chemosensor for numerous metal cations. In particular, a remarkable decrease in the fluorescence emission towards Cu(ii) ions, i.e., "turn-off" response, has been obtained giving rise to an optical sensor for the detection of triazole fungicides, namely tebuconazole, triadimenol, triadimefon, i.e. "turn-on" response. Such a molecular system, hence, can be feasibly applied as a dual optical sensor, i.e. "a turn-on-off-on" system, for dangerous contaminants such as heavy metals and pesticides.

New Horizons in Imaging and Diagnosis in Rhinoplasty.

Three-dimensional (3D) surface imaging has found its place in aesthetic surgery globally. The first attempt to use 3D surface imaging technique in clinic was in 1944 by Thalmaan, who used stereo photogrammetry to examine an adult with facial asymmetry and a baby with Pierre Robin syndrome. Three-dimensional photography is becoming more common allowing for a more dynamic facial evaluation, although it is associated with increased cost.

Stem cell growth and proliferation on RGD bio-conjugated cotton fibers.

BACKGROUND: Merging stem cells with biomimetic materials represent an attractive approach to tissue engineering. The development of an alternative scaffold with the ability to mimic the extracellular matrix, and the 3D gradient preventing any alteration in cell metabolism or in their gene expression patterns, would have many medical applications. OBJECTIVE: In this study, we introduced the use of RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) bio-conjugated cotton to promote the growth and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS: We measured the expression of stem cell markers and adhesion markers with Q-PCR and analyzed the transcriptomic. The results obtained showed that the MSCs, when cultured with bio-conjugated cotton fibers, form aggregates around the fibers while proliferating. The seeded MSCs with cotton fibers proliferated in a similar fashion to the cells seeded on the monolayer (population doubling level 1.88 and 2.19 respectively). RESULTS: The whole genome sequencing of cells adhering to these cotton fibers and cells adhering to the cell culture dish showed differently expressed genes and pathways in both populations. However, the expression of the stem cell markers (Oct4, cKit, CD105) and cell adhesion markers (CD29, HSPG2 and CD138), when examined with quantitative RT-PCR, was maintained in both cell populations. CONCLUSION: These results clearly show the ability of the cotton fibers to promote MSCs growth and proliferation in a 3D structure mimicking the in vivo environment without losing their stem cell phenotype.

Thiocyanation and 2-Amino-1,3-thiazole Formation in Water Using Recoverable and Reusable Glycosylated Resorcin[4]arene Cavitands.

A family of three spatially directional resorcin[4]arene cavitand glycoconjugates (RCGs) have been applied as efficient recoverable and reusable inverse phase transfer catalysts for eco- and environmentally friendly thiocyanation and 2-amino-1,3-thiazole formation reactions in water. The results show that RCGs (1 mol %) were capable of hosting and catalyzing various water-insoluble bromo/thiocyanato substrates in water without the use of any co-organic solvents. The recoverability and reusability of RCG catalytic systems, that is, RCG1 and RCG3, were also examined upon a simple extraction of the desired products using DCM or ethyl acetate, followed by subjecting the recovered aqueous solution containing the RCG catalysts to the next reaction cycles.