RESUMEN
Introdução: A longa hospitalização dos neonatos na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal tem como consequência o aumento dos riscos de alterações posturais devido ao tempo prolongado dentro de incubadoras e berços. O objetivo do estudo foi desenvolver um dispositivo para promover uma alternativa de mudança de decúbito denominada Cadeira Terapêutico Neonatal. Métodos: Estudo qualitativo e descritivo de desenvolvimento e produção, aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com o no 17-0254 e constituído por três etapas: desenvolvimento e confecção do protótipo; avaliação da aplicabilidade do protótipo por meio de um questionário de aplicabilidade, após transcorridos 10 minutos do posicionamento funcional; e definição do modelo e solicitação do pedido de invenção pelo Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial (INPI). Resultados: Foram desenvolvidos e confeccionados dois modelos de protótipos de Cadeira Terapêutica Neonatal. Vinte e oito colaboradores da equipe assistencial responderam ao questionário: 82% consideram muito bom na avaliação no grau de conforto e adaptação do neonato; 96% avaliaram como muito fácil de realizar o processo de higienização. Onze (39,28%) colaboradores sugeriram promover medidas de melhorias no cinto de segurança. Definiu-se o modelo do invento e foi feita a inserção do pedido sob o número BR 20.2020.005865 2 no INPI. Conclusão: O modelo proposto promoveu uma alternativa de mudança de postura, tendo como característica a aplicabilidade e a usabilidade. (AU)
Introduction: The long hospitalization of neonates in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit has the consequence of increasing the risks of postural changes due to the prolonged time inside incubators and cradles. The aim of the study was to develop a device to promote an alternative for changing the decubitus position called "Neonatal Therapy Chair". Methods: Qualitative and descriptive study of development and production, approved Human Research Protection Office number 17-0254 consisting of three stages: Stage 1- development and making of the prototype; Step 2- evaluation of the applicability of the prototype through an Applicability Questionnaire, after 10 minutes of functional positioning; Stage 3- definition of the model and request for an invention request by the NIIP (National Institute of Industrial Property). Results: Stage 1: two prototype. Stage 2: Twenty-eight employees of the assistance team answered the questionnaire: 82% consider it very good in assessing the degree of comfort and adaptation of the newborn; 96% rated it as very easy to carry out the cleaning process. Eleven (39.28%) employees suggested promoting measures to improve seat belts. Step 3: definition of the model of the invention and insertion of the order under number BR 20 2020 005865 2 at NIIP. (AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Recién Nacido , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Invenciones , Posicionamiento del Paciente/instrumentación , Diseño Interior y MobiliarioRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Stroke is the main cause of chronic disability in adults, and the effect of a stroke on the respiratory system depends on the structures affected by the lesion. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the correlation between trunk control, respiratory muscle strength and pulmonary function in individuals who suffered stroke. METHODS: Observational, quantitative and descriptive study. Twenty-three patients who had a clinical diagnosis of ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. The trunk control was assessed through the Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS), and the respiratory muscle strength was assessed by manovacuometry by measuring the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP). For pulmonary function analysis, we measured forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow (PEF) and the Tiffeneau index (TIFF) through spirometry. RESULTS: A consistent and statistically significant correlation was found between TIS and PEF (r = 0.489, p = 0.024) and between TIS and EPmax (r = 0.517, p = 0.016). No relation was found between the other variables of pulmonary function and TIS. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrated that there is a relation between trunk control and respiratory muscular strength, especially concerning the expiratory muscles. However, there seems to be no relation between trunk control and pulmonary function in this series of individuals who suffered stroke.