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1.
Clin Nutr ; 41(1): 1-8, 2022 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34861623

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND & AIMS: High hydrostatic pressure (HHP) processing is a non-thermal method proposed as an alternative to Holder pasteurization (HoP) for the treatment of human milk. HHP preserves numerous milk bioactive components that are degraded by HoP, but no data are available for milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) or the formation of Maillard reaction products, which may be deleterious for preterm newborns. METHODS: We evaluated the impact of HHP processing of human milk on 22 HMOs measured by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection and on furosine, lactuloselysine, carboxymethyllysine (CML) and carboxyethyllysine (CEL) measured by liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-MS/MS), four established indicators of the Maillard reaction. Human raw milk was sterilized by HoP (62.5 °C for 30 min) or processed by HHP (350 MPa at 38 °C). RESULTS: Neither HHP nor HoP processing affected the concentration of HMOs, but HoP significantly increased furosine, lactuloselysine, CML and CEL levels in milk. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that HPP treatment preserves HMOs and avoids formation of Maillard reaction products. Our study confirms and extends previous findings that HHP treatment of human milk provides safe milk, with fewer detrimental effects on the biochemically active milk components than HoP.


Asunto(s)
Manipulación de Alimentos/métodos , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/síntesis química , Presión Hidrostática , Leche Humana/química , Oligosacáridos/química , Cromatografía Liquida , Humanos , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
2.
Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci ; 59(2): 125-141, 2022 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34726550

RESUMEN

Diagnostic, monitoring, response, predictive, risk, and prognostic biomarkers of disease are all widely studied, for the most part in biological fluids or tissues, but there is steadily growing interest in alternative matrices such as nails. Here we comprehensively review studies dealing with molecular or elemental biomarkers of disease, as opposed to semiological, pharmacological, toxicological, or biomonitoring studies. Nails have a long history of use in medicine as indicators of pathological processes and have also been used extensively as a matrix for monitoring exposure to environmental pollution. Nail clippings are simple to collect noninvasively as well as to transport and store, and the matrix itself is relatively stable. Nails incorporate, and are influenced by, circulating molecules and elements over their several months of growth, and it is widely held that markers of biological processes will remain in the nail, even when their levels in blood have declined. Nails thus offer the possibility to not only look back into a subject's metabolic history but also to study biomarkers of processes that operate over a longer time scale such as the post-translational modification of proteins. Reports on ungual biomarkers of metabolic and endocrine diseases, cancer, and psychological and neurological disorders will be presented, and an overview of the sampling and analytical techniques provided.


Asunto(s)
Uñas , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Humanos , Uñas/metabolismo
3.
Food Chem ; 243: 11-18, 2018 Mar 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29146316

RESUMEN

Nε-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML) is measured in food, but there is a controversy concerning the most convenient yet reliable method(s) for this task. This work compares three different ELISA assays and HPLC-ESI-ITMS/MS for the analysis of CML in several food items. The four methods showed the same decreasing order of CML concentration: beef, bacon>chicken > fish>dairy products>grain products>fruits/vegetables. HPLC-ESI-ITMS/MS results highly correlated with those obtained by ELISA performed with monoclonal CML-antibody (ß=0.98, p<0.0001) whereas My Bio Source® kit results were not correlated with those provided by Lamider®. Small differences of CML concentrations in food items prepared by different culinary treatment were clearly distinguished by HPLC-ESI-ITMS/MS, but could not always be detected by ELISA. This work demonstrates a reasonable relationship between CM determined by ELISA and HPLC-ESI-ITMS/MS and therefore supports the implementation of ELISA in food CML/AGEs screening.


Asunto(s)
Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión/métodos , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática/métodos , Frutas/química , Productos Finales de Glicación Avanzada/análisis , Lisina/análogos & derivados , Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Carne/análisis , Verduras/química , Animales , Bovinos , Peces , Contaminación de Alimentos/análisis , Lisina/análisis , Porcinos
4.
Anal Bioanal Chem ; 407(4): 1149-57, 2015 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25428457

RESUMEN

The ability of human serum albumin to capture unbound copper under different clinical conditions is an important variable potentially affecting homeostasis of this element. Here, we propose a simple procedure based on size-exclusion chromatography with on-line UV and nitrogen microwave-plasma atomic-emission spectrometry (MP-AES) for quantitative evaluation of Cu(II) binding to HSA upon its glycation in vitro. The Cu-to-protein molar ratio for non-glycated albumin was 0.98 ± 0.09; for HSA modified with glyoxal (GO), methylglyoxal (MGO), oxoacetic acid (GA), and glucose (Glc), the ratios were 1.30 ± 0.22, 0.72 ± 0.14, 0.50 ± 0.06, and 0.95 ± 0.12, respectively. The results were confirmed by using ICP-MS as an alternative detection system. A reduced ability of glycated protein to coordinate Cu(II) was associated with alteration of the N-terminal metal-binding site during incubation with MGO and GA. In contrast, glycation with GO seemed to generate new binding sites as a result of tertiary structural changes in HSA. Capillary reversed-phase liquid chromatography with electrospray-ionization quadrupole-time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry enabled detection and identification of Cu(II) coordinated to the N-terminal metal-binding site (Cu(II)-DAHK) in all tryptic digests analyzed. This is the first report confirming Cu(II)-DAHK species in HSA by means of high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry, and the first report on the use of MP-AES in combination with chromatographic separation.


Asunto(s)
Sulfato de Cobre/análisis , Glucosa/química , Glioxal/química , Glioxilatos/química , Albúmina Sérica/química , Sitios de Unión , Cromatografía en Gel , Cromatografía Líquida de Alta Presión , Cromatografía de Fase Inversa , Sulfato de Cobre/química , Glicosilación , Humanos , Unión Proteica , Estructura Terciaria de Proteína , Piruvaldehído/química , Espectrometría de Masa por Ionización de Electrospray , Espectrofotometría Atómica , Espectrometría de Masas en Tándem
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