Research on the Effect of Molten Salt Ultrasonic Composite Cleaning for Paint Removal.

Aiming at paint removal on hydraulic cylinder, the effect of molten salt ultrasonic composite cleaning was studied. First, the mechanism of molten salt cleaning and ultrasonic cleaning was reviewed. To further describe the composite cleaning mechanism, the components and internal structure of paint were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared. Results showed that the paint had a significant layered structure. The total thickness was about 100 µm, and the main components were organic matters, including ester groups, epoxy groups, and aromatic compounds. Then, combining with thermal environment, cleaning medium's property, and ultrasound, the composite cleaning mechanism was described in terms of three aspects: thermal effect, chemical reaction, and ultrasonic effect. Besides, the reason why this composite cleaning had good effect on paint removal, compared to paint heated in air, was explained through dynamic analysis, which was the reduction of reaction activation energy from 114.4 kJ/mol of paint alone to 74.1 kJ/mol.

Effect of poly-methyltriethoxysilane on the waterproof property of starch/fiber composites with open cell structures.

Novel starch/fiber composites with open cell structures were proposed through thermo-cavity molding. To overcome the disadvantage of the water sensitivity of the resulting composites, poly-methyltriethoxysilane (PTS) was added as a waterproofing agent. The results showed that the addition of PTS improved the waterproof property of the composites. The composites with 15 g PTS (PTS-15) exhibited an optimal waterproof property. The water contact angle and drop absorption of the PTS-15 composites improved by 59.9% and 223.5%, respectively, compared with the values for those without PTS. Moreover, the addition of PTS could effectively prevent the degradation of the mechanical properties of the composites after water absorption. The rate of tensile property degradation for the PTS-15 composites reached 5.3%, whereas that for the PTS-0 composites totaled 56.6%. The chemical bonds and micro-structure of the composites were investigated to reveal the inherent mechanism of property changes. Fourier transform infrared spectra revealed the formation of new hydrogen bonds between starch and PTS. Hydrophobic groups, including Si-O-Si, Si-C, and Si-OH, were found in the resulting composites, thereby explaining the waterproof property changes. Scanning electron microscopy images showed that the open cell structure of the composites initially became denser and then loosened with the increase in the PTS content, resulting in the initial enhancement and the subsequent weakening of their mechanical properties.

Candesartan versus imidapril in hypertension: a randomised study to assess effects of anti-AT1 receptor autoantibodies.

BACKGROUND: Anti-angiotensin II receptor subtype 1 (AT1 receptor) autoantibodies have previously been shown in sera of hypertensive patients. This study assessed whether anti-AT1-receptor autoantibody in serum is correlated with the efficacy of an AT1-receptor blocker (ARB; candesartan)-based regimen in hypertensive patients after 8 weeks of treatment. DESIGN: The Study of Optimal Treatment in Hypertensive Patients with Anti-AT1-Receptor Autoantibodies is a multicentre, randomised, blinded endpoint, open-label, parallel-group comparison clinical trial conducted in five centres in Wuhan, China. Treatment is designed as stepwise added-on therapy to reduce blood pressure (BP) < 140/90 mm Hg. 512 patients with moderate to severe primary hypertension were randomly assigned to an 8-week treatment with either ARB (candesartan)-based regimen (n=257) or ACE inhibitor (imidapril)-based regimen (n=255). RESULTS: Systolic and diastolic BP was reduced significantly in both treatment groups. The candesartan-based regimen achieved a significantly greater systolic BP reduction than imdapril (30.8 ± 10.3 vs 28.8 ± 10.3 mm Hg, p = 0.023). In those anti-AT1 receptor autoantibody-positive hypertensive patients, the mean systolic BP at baseline was higher than in the anti-AT1 receptor autoantibody-negative group (160.5 ± 16.5 vs 156.2 ± 17.7 mm Hg; p = 0.006). The mean BP reduction was greater in the candesartan-based regimen than the imidapril-based regimen (-35.4 ± 9.8/16.9 ± 6.9 vs -29.4 ± 9.8/14.2 ± 6.9 mm Hg; p = 0.000 and 0.002, respectively), and more patients on imidapril required add-on medications to achieve BP control (94% vs 86%; p=0.03). No correlation was observed between the titre of anti-AT1 receptor autoantibody and the efficacy of candesartan-based therapy. In those anti-AT1 receptor autoantibody-negative patients similar BP lowering was reached in the candesartan and the imidapril-based regimens. CONCLUSIONS: An ARB-based regimen is more effective in BP lowering than an ACE inhibitor-based regimen in the presence of anti-AT1 receptor autoantibodies. Trial registration number This trial has been registered at http://www.register.clinicaltrials.gov/ (identifier: NCT00360763).

[Expression of human-mouse chimeric antibody directed against Chikungunya virus with site-specific integration system].

AIM: To obtain CHO/dhfr(-) cells line with integrated FRT sequence in the chromosome transcription active site and to express human-mouse chimeric antibody directed against Chikungunya Virus by using the cell line. METHODS: The fusion gene of FRT and HBsAg was constructed by PCR and cloned into the MCS of pCI-neo to construct pCI-FRT-HBsAg. The pCI-FRT-HBsAg was transfected into CHO/dhfr(-) cells and cell clones with high expression of HBsAg were screened by detecting the amount of HBsAg with ELISA. A CHO cell clone with the highest expression was chosen and named as CHO/dhfr(-) FRT(+). pAFRT HFLF, a expression plasmid of chimeric antibody with RFT sequence was transfected into CHO/dhfr(-) FRT(+) cells and cell clones with high expression of the chimeric antibody were screened by increasing concentration of MTX. A CHO cell clone with high expression of the chimeric antibody was cultured in large scale and supernatant was collected from which the chimeric antibody was purified. The purified chimeric antibody was analyzed by SDS-PAGE, Western blot and IFA. RESULTS: A CHO/dhfr(-) cells line with integrated FRT sequence in the chromosome transcription active site was obtained successfully. A cell clone with yield of 5 mg/L of chimeric antibody was obtained, as compared with routine CHO cell expression system with a yield of 2 mg/L. CONCLUSION: A cell line with integrated FRT sequence in the chromosome transcription active site was obtained and with it human-mouse chimeric antibody directed against Chikungunya virus was expressed. This system lays a solid foundation which can be used for expressing antibodies and other proteins.