Analysis of effect of colonoscopy combined with laparoscopy in the treatment of colorectal tumors.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer is one of the most common digestive tract tumors. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and safety of laparoscopic colorectal cancer surgery. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed early postoperative clinical data of 48 patients with colorectal cancer treated in our hospital between 2015 and 2021, of which 21 underwent laparoscopic colorectal surgery, and 27 underwent laparotomy. There was no significant difference in clinical data. Patients were included if they had colorectal cancer (confirmed by colonoscopy and biopsy pathological examination before surgery), were evaluated for possible radical surgery before surgery, and had no intestinal obstruction, tumor invasion of adjacent organs (by digital rectal examination and preoperative abdominal color Doppler ultrasound, CT confirmed) and no other history of abdominal surgery. Using the method of clinical control study, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative general condition, surgical lymph node removal (postoperative pathology), surgical complications, gastrointestinal function recovery, surgical before and after blood glucose, body temperature, white blood cells, pain visual analog scale (VAS) and other conditions were compared and analyzed to determine feasibility and safety of laparoscopic surgery for colorectal cancer. RESULTS: Colorectal cancer was successfully removed by laparoscopic radical resection without any significant problems or surgical fatalities. Age, gender, tumor location, stage, and duration of surgery did not differ between laparoscopic and laparotomy operations. Compared to laparotomy, postoperative eating, bowel movements, and blood sugar levels improved. Variations in the length of surgically removed specimens after VAS measurements revealed open and laparoscopic operations. The overall lymph node count was 10.8 ± 1.6, with no variation between the two techniques. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic colorectal cancer radical surgery is safe and feasible. Also, it has the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. Laparoscopic colorectal cancer radical surgery can comply with the principles of oncology revolutionary.

Effect of three tongue needles acupoints Lianquan (CV23) and Hegu (LI4) combined with swallowing training on the quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients with dysphagia after surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of acupuncture therapies administered in combination with swallowing training on the quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients with dysphagia after surgery. METHODS: Seventy-one postoperative patients with laryngeal cancer participated in this study. The patients diagnosed with swallowing dysfunction by video fluoroscopic swallowing examination (VFSE) were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 36) and control group (n = 35). Patients in both groups were provided swallowing training and rehabilitation consultation. Patients in the experimental group were additionally provided with acupuncture therapies. All patients were evaluated using VFSE and MD Anderson dysphagia inventory (MDADI) and Quality of Life Questionnaire-core 30 (QLQ-c30) score immediately after surgery and three months later. RESULTS: The effective rate of 97.1% (n = 35) and the complete remission rate of 36.1% (n = 13) in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group of 60% (n = 21) and 14.3% (n = 5) (P < 0.01). The scores of VFSE, MDADI and QLQ-c 30 in the experimental group and the control group at three months after therapies were significantly improved compared with those before therapies (P < 0.05). The scores of VFSE, MDADI and QLQ-c30 in the experimental group at three months after therapies were significantly improved compared with the control group. The improvement in the intervention group was significantly better than that in the control group. There were no adverse reactions in two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Acupuncture therapies combined with swallowing training can improve the swallowing function and the quality of life of laryngeal cancer patients with dysphagia after surgery.

Indolethylamine-N-Methyltransferase Inhibits Proliferation and Promotes Apoptosis of Human Prostate Cancer Cells: A Mechanistic Exploration.

Indolethylamine-N-methyltransferase (INMT) is a methyltransferase downregulated in lung cancer, meningioma, and prostate cancer; however, its role and mechanism in prostate cancer remain unclear. By analyzing The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA)-PRAD, we found that the expression of INMT in prostate cancer was lower than that of adjacent non-cancerous prostate tissues and was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis Gleason score, PSA expression, and survival. Combined with the GSE46602 cohorts for pathway enrichment analysis, we found that INMT was involved in regulating the MAPK, TGFß, and Wnt signaling pathways. After overexpression of INMT in prostate cancer cell lines 22Rv1 and PC-3, we found an effect of INMT on these tumor signal pathways; overexpression of INMT inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. Using the ESTIMATE algorithm, we found that with the increase of INMT expression, immune and stromal scores in the tumor microenvironment increased, immune response intensity increased, and tumor purity decreased. The difference in INMT expression affected the proportion of several immune cells. According to PRISM and CTRP2.0, the potential therapeutic agents associated with the INMT expression subgroup in TCGA were predicted. The area under the curve (AUC) values of 26 compounds positively correlated with the expression of INMT, while the AUC values of 14 compounds were negatively correlated with the expression of INMT. These findings suggest that INMT may affect prostate cancer's occurrence, development, and drug sensitivity via various tumor signaling pathways and tumor microenvironments.

Amentoflavone attenuates Listeria monocytogenes pathogenicity through an LLO-dependent mechanism.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: L. monocytogenes remain a leading cause of foodborne infection. Listeriolysin O (LLO), an indispensable virulence determinant involved in diverse pathogenic mechanisms of L. monocytogenes infection, represents a promising therapeutic target. In this study, we sought to identify an effective inhibitor of LLO pore formation and its mechanism of action in the treatment of L. monocytogenes infection. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Haemolysis assays were carried out to screen an effective LLO inhibitor. The interaction between candidate and LLO was investigated using surface plasmon resonance and molecular docking. The effect of candidate on LLO-mediated cytotoxicity, barrier disruption and immune response were investigated. Finally, the in vivo effect of candidate on mice challenged with L. monocytogenes was examined. KEY RESULTS: Amentoflavone, a natural flavone present in traditional Chinese herbs, effectively inhibited LLO pore formation by engaging the residues Lys93, Asp416, Tyr469 and Lys505 in LLO. Amentoflavone dose-dependently reduced L. monocytogenes-induced cell injury in an LLO-dependent manner. In the Caco-2 monolayer model, amentoflavone maintained the integrity of the epithelial barrier exposed to LLO. Amentoflavone inhibited the inflammatory response evoked by L. monocytogenes in an LLO-dependent manner, and inhibition was attributed to ability to block perforation-associated K+ efflux and Ca2+ influx. In the mouse infection model, amentoflavone treatment significantly reduced bacterial burden and pathological lesions in target organs, with a significant increase in survival rate. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Amentoflavone reduced the pathogenicity of L. monocytogenes by specifically inhibiting LLO pore formation, and this may represent a potential treatment for L. monocytogenes infection.

TACR2 is associated with the immune microenvironment and inhibits migration and proliferation via the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway in prostate cancer.

BACKGROUND: The tachykinin receptor 2 (TACR2) is encoded by the tachykinin receptor correlation gene. Recent microarray analysis for prostate cancer suggests that TACR2 expression is associated with clinical phenotype and disease-free survival among patients with prostate cancer. RESULTS: TACR2 protein levels were lower in prostate cancer tissues than in adjacent normal prostate tissue. TACR2 expression significantly correlated with clinical stage, Gleason scores, and survival outcomes. TACR2 expression positively correlated with mast cells and negatively correlated with M2 macrophages. Overexpression of TACR2 promoted the migration and proliferation of prostate cancer cells by regulating the Wnt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The TACR2-Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway is critical in prostate cancer. TACR2 may affect tumor cells' occurrence and development by changing the content of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment. These findings suggest that TACR2 may be a candidate molecular biomarker for prostate cancer therapy.

Long non-coding RNAs correlate with genomic stability in prostate cancer: A clinical outcome and survival analysis.

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the regulation of genomic stability. Understanding their biological functions can help us identify the mechanisms of the occurrence and progression of cancers and can provide theoretical guidance and the basis for treatment. RESULTS: Based on the mutation hypothesis, we proposed a computational framework to identify genomic instability-related lncRNAs. Based on the differentially-expressed lncRNAs (DElncRNAs), we constructed a genomic instability-derived lncRNA signature (GILncSig) to calculate and stratify outcomes in patients with prostate cancer. It is an independent predictor of overall survival. The area under the curve = 0.805. This value may be more significant than the classic prognostic markers TP53 and Speckle-type POZ protein (SPOP) in terms of outcome prediction. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, we conducted a computation approach and resource for mining genome instability-related lncRNAs. It may turn out to be highly significant for genomic instability and customized decision-making for patients with prostate cancer. It also may lead to effective methods and resources to study the molecular mechanism of genomic instability-related lncRNAs.

Efficient Anticancer Effect on Choroidal Melanoma Cells Induced by Tanshinone IIA Photosensitization.

Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA) has multiple biological functions and already been clinically used to treat many cardiovascular diseases. TanIIA is a photoactive molecule and can be excited by light to generate 3 TanIIA*. Generation of 3 TanIIA* by TanIIA photosensitization indicates that TanIIA may serve as a photosensitizer to bring photodynamic damage to organisms. Therefore, human choroidal melanoma MUM-2B cell was chosen as a superficial tumor model and the photodynamic effect of TanIIA on tumor cells was evaluated in this study. The results showed that TanIIA photosensitization could generate singlet oxygen in noncellular system. MTT, clone formation and wound-healing assays showed that the survival and migration of MUM-2B cells could be efficiently inhibited by TanIIA photosensitization. And then, laser confocal microscope and flow cytometry were used to try to elucidate related mechanism. It was found that TanIIA could pass through cellular membrane and preferably accumulate in nucleus. TanIIA photosensitization could efficiently induce cell apoptosis and necrosis, increase intracellular ROS levels, decrease mitochondria membrane potential, and lead to cell cycle arrest in G2/M phase. Our findings indicate that TanIIA photosensitization can exert remarkable toxicity on choroidal melanoma cells.