Tumor targeted porphyrin-based metal-organic framework for photodynamic and checkpoint blockade immunotherapy.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has become a promising approach and non-invasive modality for cancer treatment, however the therapeutic effect of PDT is limited in tumor metastasis and local recurrence. Herein, a tumor targeted nanomedicine (designated as PCN@HA) is constructed for enhanced PDT against tumors. By modified with hyaluronic acid (HA), which could target the CD44 receptor that expressed on the cancer cells, the targeting ability of PCN@HA has been enhanced. Under light irradiation, PCN@HA can produce cytotoxic singlet oxygen (1O2) and kill cancer cells, then eliminate tumors. Furthermore, PCN@HA exhibits fluorescence (FL)/ photoacoustic (PA) effects for multimodal imaging-guided cancer treatment. And PCN@HA-mediated PDT also can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) and stimulate adaptive immune responses by releasing of tumor antigens. By combining with anti-PD-L1 checkpoint blockade therapy, it can not only effectively suppress the growth of primary tumor, but also inhibit the metastatic tumor growth.

MicroRNA-148b-3p is involved in regulating hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury of cardiomyocytes in vitro through modulating SIRT7/p53 signaling.

Accumulating evidence has suggested that microRNAs (miRNAs) are emerging as critical regulators in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. miR-148b-3p has been reported to regulate cell apoptosis of various cell types. However, whether miR-148b-3p is involved in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury remains unknown. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential role and molecular mechanism of miR-148b-3p in regulating cardiomyocyte apoptosis induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury in vitro, a cellular model of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. We found that miR-148b-3p expression was significantly up-regulated in response to H/R treatment in cardiomyocytes. Functional experiments showed that miR-148b-3p overexpression significantly decreased the viability, increased LDH release and promoted the apoptosis of H/R-treated cardiomyocytes. In contrast, miR-148b-3p inhibition improved the viability, decreased LDH release and reduced the apoptosis of H/R-treated cardiomyocytes, showing a protective effect against H/R-induced injury. Bioinformatics analysis predicted that Sirtuin7 (SIRT7), a critical stress survival gene of cardiomyocytes, was a potential target gene of miR-148b-3p, which was then validated by dual-luciferase reporter assay, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis. Moreover, our results showed that miR-148b-3p regulated the acetylation of the p53 protein and modulated p53-mediated pro-apoptotic signaling through targeting SIRT7. Notably, the silencing of SIRT7 significantly abrogated miR-148b-3p inhibition-mediated cardio-protective effects, while SIRT7 overexpression rescued miR-148b-3p-induced cell apoptosis in cardiomyocytes with H/R treatment. Overall, our results indicate that miR-148b-3p contributes to the regulation of H/R-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro through targeting SIRT7 and modulating p53-mediated pro-apoptotic signaling.