Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
Más filtros












Base de datos
Intervalo de año de publicación
1.
Cells ; 12(12)2023 06 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37371053

RESUMEN

The immune and endocrine dysfunctions of white adipose tissue are a hallmark of metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. In humans, white adipose tissue comprises distinct depots broadly distributed under the skin (hypodermis) and as internal depots (visceral). Depot-specific ASCs could account for visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue properties, by regulating adipogenesis and immunomodulation. More importantly, visceral and subcutaneous depots account for distinct contributions to obesity and its metabolic comorbidities. Recently, distinct ASCs subpopulations were also described in subcutaneous adipose tissue. Interestingly, the superficial layer closer to the dermis shows hyperplastic and angiogenic capacities, whereas the deep layer is considered as having inflammatory properties similar to visceral. The aim of this focus review is to bring the light of recent discoveries into white adipose tissue heterogeneity together with the biology of distinct ASCs subpopulations and to explore adipose tissue 3D models revealing their advantages, disadvantages, and contributions to elucidate the role of ASCs in obesity development. Recent advances in adipose tissue organoids opened an avenue of possibilities to recreate the main cellular and molecular events of obesity leading to a deep understanding of this inflammatory disease besides contributing to drug discovery. Furthermore, 3D organ-on-a-chip will add reproducibility to these adipose tissue models contributing to their translation to the pharmaceutical industry.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Humanos , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/metabolismo , Tejido Adiposo/metabolismo , Grasa Subcutánea , Obesidad/metabolismo
2.
Stem Cell Res Ther ; 12(1): 480, 2021 08 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34454629

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In human subcutaneous adipose tissue, the superficial fascia distinguishes superficial and deep microenvironments showing extensions called retinacula cutis. The superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue has been described as hyperplastic and the deep subcutaneous adipose tissue as inflammatory. However, few studies have described stromal-vascular fraction (SVF) content and adipose-derived stromal/stem cells (ASCs) behavior derived from superficial and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue. In this study, we analyzed a third conjunctive microenvironment: the retinacula cutis superficialis derived from superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. METHODS: The samples of abdominal human subcutaneous adipose tissue were obtained during plastic aesthetic surgery in France (Declaration DC-2008-162) and Brazil (Protocol 145/09). RESULTS: The SVF content was characterized in situ by immunofluorescence and ex vivo by flow cytometry revealing a high content of pre-adipocytes rather in superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue microenvironment. Adipogenic assays revealed higher percentage of lipid accumulation area in ASCs from superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue compared with retinacula cutis superficialis (p < 0.0001) and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001). The high adipogenic potential of superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue was corroborated by an up-regulation of adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (FABP4) compared with retinacula cutis superficialis (p < 0.0001) and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001) and of C/EBPα (CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein alpha) compared with retinacula cutis superficialis (p < 0.0001) and deep subcutaneous adipose tissue (p < 0.0001) microenvironments. Curiously, ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis showed a higher level of adiponectin receptor gene compared with superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue (p = 0.0409), widely known as an anti-inflammatory hormone. Non-induced ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis showed higher secretion of human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), compared with superficial (p = 0.0485) and deep (p = 0.0112) subcutaneous adipose tissue and with adipogenic-induced ASCs from superficial (p = 0.0175) and deep (p = 0.0328) subcutaneous adipose tissue. Furthermore, ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis showed higher secretion of Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) compared with non-induced (p = 0.0029) and induced (p = 0.0089) superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights the contribution to ASCs from retinacula cutis superficialis in their angiogenic property previously described for the whole superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue besides supporting its adipogenic potential for superficial subcutaneous adipose tissue.


Asunto(s)
Tejido Subcutáneo , Factor A de Crecimiento Endotelial Vascular , Adipogénesis , Humanos , Grasa Subcutánea , Grasa Subcutánea Abdominal
3.
Aging (Albany NY) ; 9(11): 2302-2315, 2017 11 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29176034

RESUMEN

Skin is constantly exposed to environmental factors such as pollutants, chemicals and ultra violet radiation (UV), which can induce premature skin aging and increase the risk of skin cancer. One strategy to reduce the effect of oxidative stress produced by environmental exposure is the application of antioxidant molecules. Among the endogenous antioxidants, selenoproteins play a key role in antioxidant defense and in maintaining a reduced cellular environment. Selenium, essential for the activity of selenoproteins, is a trace element that is not synthesized by organisms and must be supplied by diet or supplementation. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Selenium supplementation on skin aging, especially on keratinocytes, the main cells of the epidermis. Our results demonstrate for the first time to our knowledge, the major role of Selenium on the replicative life span of keratinocytes and on aging skin. Selenium protects keratinocyte stem cells (KSCs) against senescence via preservation of their stemness phenotype through adhesion to the basement membrane. Additionally, Selenium supplementation maintains the homeostasis of skin during chronological aging in our senescent skin equivalent model. Controlled supplementation with Selenium could be a new strategy to protect skin against aging.


Asunto(s)
Antioxidantes/farmacología , Adhesión Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Diferenciación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Senescencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Epidermis/efectos de los fármacos , Queratinocitos/efectos de los fármacos , Envejecimiento de la Piel/efectos de los fármacos , Selenito de Sodio/farmacología , Células Madre/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Basal/efectos de los fármacos , Membrana Basal/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Epidermis/metabolismo , Humanos , Queratinocitos/metabolismo , Fenotipo , Células Madre/metabolismo , Factores de Tiempo
4.
Aging (Albany NY) ; 9(11): 2376-2396, 2017 11 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29165315

RESUMEN

The mechanisms affecting epidermal homeostasis during aging remain poorly understood. To identify age-related microRNAs, a class of non-coding RNAs known to play a key role in the regulation of epidermal homeostasis, an exhaustive miRNA expression screen was performed in human keratinocytes from young or elderly subjects. Many microRNAs modulated by aging were identified, including miR-30a, in which both strands were overexpressed in aged cells and epidermal tissue. Stable MiR-30a over-expression strongly impaired epidermal differentiation, inducing severe barrier function defects in an organotypic culture model. A significant increase was also observed in the level of apoptotic cells in epidermis over-expressing miR-30a. Several gene targets of miR-30a were identified in keratinocytes, including LOX (encoding lysyl oxidase, a regulator of the proliferation/differentiation balance of keratinocytes), IDH1 (encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase, an enzyme of cellular metabolism) and AVEN (encoding a caspase inhibitor). Direct regulation of LOX, IDH1 and AVEN by miR-30a was confirmed in human keratinocytes. They were, moreover, observed to be repressed in aged skin, suggesting a possible link between miR-30a induction and skin-aging phenotype. This study revealed a new miRNA actor and deciphered new molecular mechanisms to explain certain alterations observed in epidermis during aging and especially those concerning keratinocyte differentiation and apoptosis.


Asunto(s)
Epidermis/metabolismo , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica/métodos , Queratinocitos/metabolismo , MicroARNs/genética , Análisis de Secuencia por Matrices de Oligonucleótidos , Envejecimiento de la Piel/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/genética , Proteínas Adaptadoras Transductoras de Señales/metabolismo , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Apoptosis , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/genética , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/metabolismo , Diferenciación Celular , Células Cultivadas , Niño , Preescolar , Epidermis/patología , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Humanos , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Queratinocitos/patología , Proteínas de la Membrana/genética , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Permeabilidad , Fenotipo , Proteína-Lisina 6-Oxidasa/genética , Proteína-Lisina 6-Oxidasa/metabolismo , Envejecimiento de la Piel/patología , Factores de Tiempo , Transfección , Adulto Joven
SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA
...