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RESUMEN Estudiantes deportistas de alto rendimiento enfrentan demandas en distintas áreas de su vida al realizar una Carrera Dual (CD). En este estudio exploramos la relación entre experiencias de CD y Salud Mental (SM). Un total de 128 estudiantes deportistas de alto rendimiento respondieron los cuestionarios DCES, MHLS-12, y MHC-SF. Los resultados muestran que las experiencias de CD y alfabetización en SM influyen positivamente en el estado de SM de los estudiantes deportistas. Estos resultados subrayan la importancia de potenciar la interacción investigación-aplicación, involucrando al entorno para fortalecer la SM a través de experiencias positivas y alfabetización.
ABSTRACT High-performance student athletes face demands in different areas of their lives when pursuing a dual career (DC). We explored the relationship between DC experiences and mental health (MH). A total of 128 high-performance student athletes completed questionnaires (DCES, MHLS-12, MHC-SF). The results show that DC experiences and MH literacy contribute to MH status. These results reinforce the need to continue to strengthen the research-application relationship by engaging the entourage to enhance MH through positive experiences and literacy.
RESUMO Estudantes-atletas experimentam diferentes demandas em suas vidas para equilibrar a condição de dupla carreira (DC). Neste estudo, exploramos a relação entre essas experiências e a saúde mental (SM) dos estudantes-atletas. Aplicamos questionários (DCES, MHLS-12, MHC-SF) e obtivemos 128 respostas do público-alvo. Os resultados mostraram que o equilíbrio na DC e saber sobre SM contribuem ao estado de SM dos estudantes-atletas. Por fim, reforçamos a necessidade de fortalecer a pesquisa aplicada, visando o envolvimento do ambiente social do estudante-atleta nas suas experiências positivas na DC, auxiliando-o no seu bem-estar de SM.
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During the 2020, the pandemic caused by the massive spread of the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19) resulted in a global crisis. In Spain, the COVID-19 pandemic caused a lockdown for almost 100 days and forced the sudden stop of sport practices and competitions. This interruption had a negative impact on high-level athletes' mental health. However, its impact on young athletes, who are intrinsically developing a high-demanding dual career, remains unclear. Therefore, this study aimed at (1) describing and characterizing the general impact that COVID-19 lockdown had on Spanish young athletes' life-spheres and mental health, and (2) identifying different profiles of athletes regarding life-conditions and sport-related variables. A sample of 544 young athletes (M = 15.9; SD = 1.51) participated in this study. Measures included life-conditions and sport-related information along with the Holistic Monitoring Questionnaire (HMQ) and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). After the screening and description of the data, profiles were defined using a two-level cluster analysis using HMQ and GHQ-12 subscales. We explored differences in demographic and sports information between profiles using MANOVA and subsequent ANOVA. Results suggest a general negative impact of COVID-19 on young athletes' life-spheres and mental health, but with three different clusters regarding the degree of such impact. Cluster 1 grouped the 54.78% of the sample and exhibited a low negative impact of COVID-19 lockdown on life-spheres and few mental health issues. Cluster 2 grouped a 29.96% of the participants who reported a medium negative impact on life-spheres and moderate mental health issues. Cluster 3 represented 15.26% of the sample including participants who showed a high negative impact of the COVID-19 lockdown with high mental health issues. The paradigmatic participant in this third group would be a female student-athlete from a medium or low socioeconomic status with high academic demands and poor or inexistent training conditions during lockdown. Current findings emphasize the need to pay attention to young athletes' mental health and suggest possible influencing contextual variables. We suggest some applied recommendations aimed at helping clubs and sports institutions to mitigate the negative effects of such difficult circumstances on athletes' mental health.
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INTRODUCTION: The ingestion of a caustic agent is the most common cause of admission after being in contact with a domestic product. A group of patients could be considered low risk and not require aggressive procedures such a corticosteroid administration and endoscopy, especially in the paediatric population. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and benefit of a less aggressive protocol for patients defined as low risk. MATERIAL AND METHODS: An analytical-observational study conducted on patients who consulted for caustic ingestion between January 2011 and December 2015. Two periods were differentiated according to the current protocol. Period-1: usual protocol (which included admission and parenteral corticosteroid and antibiotic administration) and Period-2: less aggressive protocol for the low risk patients (oral intake test after 6hours and discharged if they remained asymptomatic). Low risk patients were considered as those who met the following criteria: unintentional intake, absence of symptoms and oral lesions. In the rest of the patients the usual protocol was performed. Re-admission with a diagnosis of digestive lesions was considered as a complication. RESULTS: Forty-eight patients were included in period 1, and 35 in period 2. In period 2, thirteen patients met low risk criteria. The adherence to the less aggressive protocol was 100%. None of the low risk patients required admission or endoscopy after discharge. In period 1 the adherence to the usual protocol was 60.4%. Six patients would have benefited from the application of the less aggressive protocol. CONCLUSIONS: Adopting a more conservative attitude in low risk patients is safe. These patients benefit from clinical observation, without performing more aggressive measures with their possible iatrogenic adverse effects.
