[Acute dyskinesia as the cause of jaw dislocation]. / Durch Frühdyskinesie verursachte Kieferluxation.

A case of an acute dyskinesia of a young, schizophrenic woman caused by neuroleptic therapy is reported. The acute dyskinesia was the reason for a complete luxation in the jaw-joint. The patient showed phenomenons (brain-atrophy, cognitive dysfunction, negative symptoms) which are discussed to be connected with acute dyskinesia. They also are a danger-signal regarding the beginning of a tardive dyskinesia.

[Initial experiences with cognitive therapy of schizophrenic patients]. / Erste Erfahrungen mit der kognitiven Therapie Schizophrener.

Based on earlier experiences of various groups of authors, we developed and modified a programme of cognitive therapy for schizophrenic patients. The aim of the application of the therapeutic programme to subacute patients was to decrease subjectively perceptible basic disorders and to improve the functions of performance. The present results and experiences with 4 groups consisting of a total of 31 patients encourage us to continue applying cognitive procedures of therapy. Problems of the ascertainment of measuring values and fundamental questions of therapeutic efficacy are discussed.

[Pathophysiologic aspects of schizophrenic psychoses--a review]. / Pathophysiologische Aspekte bei schizophrenen Psychosen--eine Ubersicht.

The aim of research in the field of "Biological Psychiatry" is the phenomenological description of several aspects of psychiatric diseases and the exploration of their pathological mechanisms. The most used methods are biochemical, morphological, genetical, social psychiatric, neuro- and psychophysiological ones. From the pathophysiological view the most discussed hypothesis is that of a disturbed central information processing. In this paper a short introduction should be given on psychosocial influence on the development of psychotic symptomatology and on the periphere vegetative and electroencephalographic parameters in psychiatric patients.

The model of unitary psychosis as a basis for understanding affective processes in psychoses.

Nosological questions in psychiatry imply core questions of understanding and interpretation in the field of mental illness. The model of unitary psychosis in contrast to the hypothesis of nosological entities has been discussed in controversial terms for a long time. This history of psychiatry in review of a hundred years' development of psychopathology, neurobiological sources and psychosociological conditions points out the multiplicity of adaptive processes in a multifactorial-multiconditional way. Nosological entities such as formulated by Leonhard would have a promising interpretation in the framework of a unitary approach in the philosophy by Rennert and the analysis of various psychodynamic axes.

[Neurochemical knowledge in electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)]. / Neurochemische Erkenntnisse zur Elektrokrampftherapie (EKT).

The paper is concerned with an attempt to generalize and categorize current hypotheses on the biochemical basis of ECT. The hypotheses are critically evaluated with respect to the relevance of their experimental fundamentals. Thus, certain hypotheses are valid only in a qualified sense. Particular interest is focussed on those conceptions which try to correlate ECT-induced changes in synaptic receptor sensitivities (up-/down-regulation) with super- resp. subsensitivity hypotheses of psychoses. In this connection, noradrenergic and opioid systems on the one hand, and the axis hypothalamus-hypophysis on the other hand seem to play a dominant role.

[Assessment of handedness using finger spreading]. / Untersuchungen zur Händigkeit mit Hilfe des Fingerspreizens.

In 50 right handed and 50 left handed subjects we researched the phenomenon of spreading fingers. In the right hand of right-handers we found the smallest angels between fingers, in the right hand of left-handers we found the biggest angels between the spreaded fingers. The higher the dominance of the hand, the lower is the phenomenon of spreading fingers. We assumed smaller motor units at the side of dominance.

[Principles of computer-assisted classification in psychiatry]. / Grundlagen eines rechnergestützten Klassifikators in der Psychiatrie.

The use of computer based diagnostic decision and artificial intelligence are discussed in relation to the problems of validity and reliability of psychiatric diagnoses. The authors suggest a definition of a computer aided classificator as an existent decision system for an automatically analysis of findings.